I'm creating my first WPF application and I wanted to understand if there is some kind of best practice when mixing functionality from the System.Windows.Forms namespace.
Basically I want to have a popup window that opens by default in the bottom right hand corner of the users monitor.
I can't find a Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds equivalent in the WPF namespaces. The examples I have seen suggest referencing System.Windows.Forms in the WPF Application.
Which led me to the question, is this bad practice?, considering this reference isn't included by default.
I'm going to reference the WPF required resource in my existing windows forms application so that I can use this new WPF Window.
Is there anything wrong with this approach?
EDIT: I have actually found a property that returns information of the primary screen without referencing Windows Forms. The property is SystemParameters.WorkArea, my question of mixing references does still stand though.
Also you should consider resources and performance overheads as your application will have to load assemblies for both Windows Forms and WPF. It was mentioned several times within MSDN forums that WPF/Winforms interopping takes quite a lot of CPU cycles...
I don't think that referencing WinForms, when needed, is bad. Since WPF is still a relatively new technology, it just doesn't have complete feature parity with WinForms yet. For example, to my knowledge none of the standard Windows dialogs (Open File, Save File, Browse for Folder, etc.) have been implemented in WPF yet. The only way to display these in a WPF application is to use the WinForms version, or use P/Invoke to display the Win32 versions yourself. I go with the WinForms version personally, since they already took the trouble of wrapping the Win32 API.
My approach is to use WPF as much as possible, and only fallback to WinForms if WPF doesn't fill my needs. Hopefully over the next release or so of WPF this will become less and less necessary.
Related
(Hopefully it's not a duplicate question)
I have a WinForm project (Visula Studio 2013 ; .Net Framework 4).
My windows and their controls are just dragged and dropped. I did not make any changes about the design (font, color, etc...). I only ajusted the alingments.
My question : is there a way to make my windows more appealing by "loading" a ready made template in the project ? Positions will be kept but the "design" will look better.
I saw this but it looked too complicated for a newb like me. https://documentation.devexpress.com/WindowsForms/CustomDocument16492.aspx
Any suggestion of yours will be appreciated.
Themes or skins for Winforms components produced by DevExpress, Telerik, Infragistic etc. applies only if you use their controls, too. If you are going to develop lots of Winform apps or even just one complex, I would strongly recommend to use vendor components - not just because of theming/skins, but you will get lots of controls which don't exist as native Winforms.
There are several options, some of them are even free - check for example this list: Best Free Controls for .NET
You posted an interesting question, I've never thought of themes for native Winforms controls before, but I found this one few minutes ago - if it's of any help:
https://github.com/IgnaceMaes/MaterialSkin
I want to write a desktop gadget that will group icons on my desktop (using c# & WPF).
It will be a docked window that I can drag icons to it and they will stay their. Also there can be couple of this windows.
Where do I begin?
**I saw all the post here about it but I got lost. Please direct me to examples and explanation pages.
To expand on cevik's answer:
You cannot create WPF applications as gadgets BUT you have two options (which aren't as bad as you'd expect).
The reason is that widgets are composed mainly of web pages (HTML) and not executable (*.exe).
The problem of course is that WPF will only work with & produce executables.
First option - Windows API:
When I said you can't what I really meant is you can't use the Windows Vista/7 gadget platform to make your widgets.
However, you can always achieve a similar effect by using the Windows API.
The Windows API will let you do stuff to windows such as making them always on the background of other programs, which sounds to me like ~80% there (The rest would be stuff like making sure your window doesn't get re-sized or minimized, etc.).
Just as a note, the function you'd be looking for to make the window behind all other windows would be SetWindowPos (specifically the second parameter).
However make sure there isn't a library which already implements these stuff because it can be rather difficult (and consist of A LOT of surprises).
Second option - Silverlight
silverlight can be perceived as WPF for the web.
That obviously solves our problem.
However there is a cost to it, as expected.
Silverlight doesn't have all the features WPF has (possibly not all of the .NET framework as-well, not sure about that as I'm not really using it).
However it should be more than enough to get you by so you should definitely check it out.
Once you have your Silverlight application (and webpage) you'll have to create a manifest & install the gadget to your desktop. See here how to do so.
Maybe this will help you.
Template to easily get started on developing a Sideber Gadget using Silverlight 3.0 or 4.0 controls in C#.
I'm trying to automate a hidden .NET application, with another .NET application (written in c#) using the easiest way possible. It's NOT for testing purposes, it's a way to fulfill the lack of scripting for this application.
I already tried white framework, but there is one major problems with it: the way it's working. It's slow and it's not working on hidden windows and controls (like the winAPI does). Whats more, when "clicking" white moves the mouse, brings it's targeted window to the front and so on.
I was also thinking about using a user32.dll wrapper, because the way it's handling it's target is what I need, but I've red it's not working with .NET applications. It also would be a problem working with it, because my targeted application got 5 button labeled "...", and would be really hard finding 2 of them I need. I also would like to use the controls .NET id (the name the developer gave to it's controls when designing the GUI).
BTW, my targeted application is MeGUI if that helps. We do a lot of video encoding and a tool like this would help us a lot. I need the MeGUI to be hidden, because I'm the only programmer, others using my tool shouldn't see what happens in the background, not to talk about the many windows popping all around.
You can add a reference to the exe from your project and then create an AppDomain to run its main method. From there, it should be possible to queue delegates to its main thread's loop. With a bit of reflection, you could have those delegates invoke the click events and whatnot directly.
I've never attempted this approach, but it should work.
You should try Stephens idea instead of scripting a hidden app. A .NET Windows Forms App (EXE) is still a .NET Assembly and that means you can use that the same way as a DLL, just add a reference and use the public classes.
If you still want to try some scripting, take a look on the "Microsoft UI Automation" API and the "System.Windows.Automation" namespace.
Nice article here: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/cc163465.aspx
MSDN Doc: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.automation.aspx
After toying a little with the new Silverlight 4 camera features, and being really disappointed that these were not included in WPF, I looked at the Silverlight assemblies and found that they more or less delegate all work to agcore.dll.
Do you think it is a good idea to package agcore.dll with my WPF application, and copy/paste or rewrite all classes concerning cameras to WPF, to get these nice features there?
That particular approach isn't likely to work, unfortunately. There's a lot more to getting C# code to work with Silverlight than just referencing the appropriate DLL. Silverlight is actually a completely different implementation of the CLR, so you can't just call into agcore.dll from a WPF app and have it run.
If you need Silverlight features in your app, I can think of two ways to get them: (1) you could conceivably host a completely separate instance of Silverlight inside a browser control in your WPF app, though communication with that Silverlight instance becomes complicated (though not impossible); or (2) you could write your entire app in Silverlight OOB (Out-of-browser)/trusted mode.
You can try VideoCaptureElement in my WPF MediaKit. It will show a webcam in WPF. It does have a different API than the Silverlight webcam API, but it should have just as many features.
I work on a large C# application (approximately 450,000 lines of code), we constantly have problems with desktop heap and GDI handle leaks. WPF solves these issues, but I don't know what is the best way to upgrade (I expect this is going to take a long time). The application has only a few forms but these can contain many different sets of user-controls which are determined programatically.
This is an internal company app so our release cycles are very short (typically 3 week release cycle).
Is there some gradual upgrade path or do we have to take the hit in one massive effort?
You can start by creating a WPF host.
Then you can use the <WindowsFormHost/> control to host your current application. Then, I suggest creating a library of your new controls in WPF. One at a time, you can create the controls (I suggest making them custom controls, not usercontrols). Within the style for each control, you can start with using the <ElementHost/> control to include the "old" windows forms control. Then you can take your time to refactor and recreate each control as complete WPF.
I think it will still take an initial effort to create your control wrappers and design a WPF host for the application. I am not sure the size of the application and or the complexity of the user controls, so I'm not sure how much effort that would be for you. Relatively speaking, it is significantly less effort and much faster to get you application up and running in WPF this way.
I wouldn't just do that and forget about it though, as you may run into issues with controls overlaying each other (Windows forms does not play well with WPF, especially with transparencies and other visuals)
Please update us on the status of this project, or provide more technical information if you would like more specific guidance. Thanks :)
Do you use a lot of User controls for the pieces? WPF can host winform controls, so you could piecewise bring in parts into the main form.
WPF allows you to embed windows forms user controls into a WPF application, which may help you make the transition in smaller steps.
Take a look at the WindowsFormsHost class in the WPF documentation.
I assume that you are not just looing for an ElementHost to put your vast Winforms app. That is anyway not a real porting to WPF.
Consider the answers on this Thread What are the bigger hurdles to overcome migrating from Winforms to WPF?, It will be very helpfull.
There is a very interesting white paper on migrating a .NET 2.0 winform application toward WPF, see Evolving toward a .NET 3.5 application
Paper abstract:
In this paper, I’m going to outline some of the thought processes, decisions and issues we had to face when evolving a Microsoft .NET application from 1.x/2.x to 3.x. I’ll look at how we helped our client to adopt the new technology, and yet still maintained a release schedule acceptable to the business.