add behavior to group of windows form controls - c#

I'm trying to mimic the web functionality of having a label over a textbox that shows the type of value the textbox should contain. I can add the events individually but I'm wondering if there is a way to add 'Behavior' to a set of controls.
Please see example code:
private void labelFirstName_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
HideLabelFocusTextBox(labelFirstName, textBoxFirstName);
}
private void HideLabelFocusTextBox(Label LabelToHide, TextBox TextBoxToShow)
{
LabelToHide.Visible = false;
TextBoxToShow.Focus();
}
private void textBoxFirstName_Leave(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(textBoxFirstName.Text))
labelFirstName.Visible = true;
}
private void textBoxFirstName_Enter(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
labelFirstName.Visible = false;
}

You could subclass the text box control (write your own that inherits a textbox)
Btw, i have thought about this and i would take another approach:
i would override the text box's paint handler and when the textbox contains no information, draw an info string into it.
Something like:
using System;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Drawing;
class MyTextBox : TextBox
{
public MyTextBox()
{
SetStyle(ControlStyles.UserPaint, true);
}
protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(this.Text))
{
e.Graphics.DrawString("My info string...", this.Font, System.Drawing.Brushes.Gray, new System.Drawing.PointF(0, 0));
}
else
{
e.Graphics.DrawString(Text, this.Font, new SolidBrush(this.ForeColor) , new System.Drawing.PointF(0, 0));
}
}
protected override void OnTextChanged(EventArgs e)
{
Invalidate();
base.OnTextChanged(e);
}
}

Tie Behaviour
You can tie the feature/behaviour closer to the TextBox control by using extension methods. This simple solution might make it feel more tightly knit:
// NOTE: first parameter "this TextBox thisText"- these are all extension methods.
static public void AssignLabel(this TextBox thisText, Label companionLabel) {
thisText.Tag = companionLabel;
// HOOK UP EVENT AT THIS POINT, WHEN LABEL IS ASSIGNED (.NET 3.x)
thisText.Leave += (Object sender, EventArgs e) => {
LeaveMe(thisText); // Invoke method below.
};
}
static public void FocusText(this TextBox thisText) {
if (! ReferenceEquals(null, thisText.Tag))
(Label)thisText.Tag).Visible = false;
thisText.Focus();
}
static public void LeaveMe(this TextBox thisText) {
if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(thisText.Text))
((Label)thisText.Tag).Visible = true;
}
//etc.
and then use your textbox instances like so:
Label overlay1 = new Label(); // Place these appropriately
Label overlay2 = new Label(); // on top of the text boxes.
Label overlay3 = new Label();
TextBox myTextbox1 = new TextBox();
TextBox myTextbox2 = new TextBox();
TextBox myTextbox3 = new TextBox();
// Note: Calling our extension methods directly on the textboxes.
myTextbox1.AssignLabel(overlay1);
myTextbox1.FocusText();
myTextbox1.LeaveMe();
myTextbox2.AssignLabel(overlay2);
myTextbox2.FocusText();
myTextbox2.LeaveMe();
myTextbox3.AssignLabel(overlay3);
myTextbox3.FocusText();
myTextbox3.LeaveMe();
//etc...
How it Works
The code is cleaner and applies to all TextBoxes you instantiate.
It relies on the the .Tag property of the TextBox class to store a Label reference into (so each TextBox knows its label), and also extension methods introduced with .NET 3.x which allow us to "attach" methods onto the TextBox class itself to tie your behaviour directly to it.
I took your code and produced almost the same thing with tweaks to turn it into extension methods, and to associate a Label with your Textbox.
Variation
If you want to attach the same method to other controls (and not just the text box) then extend the base Control class itself like:
static public void LeaveMe(this Control thisControl) { //...

You could always create a user control that does this. Put both the TextBox and the Label inside the control and code up the logic inside the user control. That way every instance of that control will behave the same.

Another option might be to use an Extender Provider. These basically let you add a behavior to any control (though these can be limited if I remember right) at design time. The ToolTip is an example of an Extender Provider that is already floating around in the framework. I used these quite a bit once upon a time to do things like add support for getting the text values of controls from a resource file.

I would subclass the regular textbox and add properties which allow you to either find the associated label or set a reference to the associated label directly.
Typically in winform projects, I subclass all controls before adding them to my forms, so I can add common functionality very easily without having to change forms in the future.

Related

Remove control created at runtime

I wrote some code to create an additional textbox during runtime. I'm using the metro framework, but this shouldn't matter for my question.
When you click a button, a textbox is being created by a private on_click event:
private void BtnAddButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
MetroFramework.Controls.MetroTextBox Textbox2 = new MetroFramework.Controls.MetroTextBox
{
Location = new System.Drawing.Point(98, lblHandy.Location.Y - 30),
Name = "Textbox2",
Size = new System.Drawing.Size(75, 23),
TabIndex = 1
};
this.Controls.Add(Textbox2);
}
What I want to do now is to use the click event of another button, to remove the Textbox again. What I am not sure about is, if I have to remove just the controll or also the object itself. Furthermore I can neither access the Textbox2 Control nor the object from another place.
private void BtnRemoveTextbox2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.Controls.Remove(Textbox2);
}
This does not work, since the other form does not know about Textbox2. What would be the best way to achieve my goal? Do I have to make anything public and if so, how do I do that?
You have to find it first before you choose to remove it.
private void BtnRemoveTextbox2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
MetroFramework.Controls.MetroTextBox tbx = this.Controls.Find("Textbox2", true).FirstOrDefault() as MetroFramework.Controls.MetroTextBox;
if (tbx != null)
{
this.Controls.Remove(tbx);
}
}
Here, Textbox2 is the ID of your textbox. Please make sure you're setting the ID of your textbox control before adding it.
You need to find those controls using Controls.Find method and then remove and dispose them:
this.Controls.Find("Textbox2", false).Cast<Control>().ToList()
.ForEach(c =>
{
this.Controls.Remove(c);
c.Dispose();
});
Since the control was created in another form, the current form has no way of knowing it by its instance name.
To remove it, loop through all controls and look for its Name:
private void BtnRemoveTextbox2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
foreach (Control ctrl in this.Controls)
{
if (ctrl.Name == "Textbox2")
this.Controls.Remove(ctrl);
}
}

Pass KeyDown event to other control

I am writing a C# WinForms application, .NET 4.0.
I have a WinForms Control on a Form. After user starts typing something using keyboard, another Control appears. That Control is some kind of text input. I'd like to send user input to that Control. Of course, after it gets focused, it receives all user keyboard input. But as user starts typing before Control appears, I have to pass first KeyDown event to that control after I call it's Show and Focus methods.
SendKeys.Send method is a way of doing something similar. But that is so complicated, and seems to be unsafe. I have just a value of Keys enumeration from KeyData property of KeyEventArgs, I'd like to use it, not transform it to some strange string.
Is there any good way to pass KeyDown event from one control to another?
You can use PreviewKeyDown on Form.
Suppose you want to send keyboard inputs to TextBox textBox1:
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
this.PreviewKeyDown+= Form1_OnPreviewKeyDown;
textBox1.Visible = false;
}
private bool _textboxEnable = false;
private void Form1_OnPreviewKeyDown(object sender, PreviewKeyDownEventArgs previewKeyDownEventArgs)
{
if (!_textboxEnable) textBox1.Visible = true;
if (!textBox1.Focused) textBox1.Focus();
}
}
Any reason you can't just pass the event onto the "child control" ? Below example is KeyPress but the same idea applies for KeyDown
//Parent Control Visible
private void textBox1_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
{
richTextBox1_KeyPress(sender, e);
}
//Child Control Hidden
private void richTextBox1_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
{
richTextBox1.Text += e.KeyChar.ToString();
}
You can make a custom control which inherites the a textbox. YOu can place that custom control instead. In that custom control you can write a method which calls it:
public class MyTextBox : TextBox
{
public void TriggerKeyPress(KeyPressEventArgs e)
{
this.OnKeyPress(e);
}
}
If you dont want to make use of custom controlls you can make an extension to a textbox and use reflection to call it:
public static class TextBoxExtensions{
public static void TriggerKeyPress(this TextBox textbox, KeyPressEventArgs e)
{
MethodInfo dynMethod = textbox.GetType().GetMethod("OnKeyPress",
BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);
dynMethod.Invoke(textbox, new object[]{ e });
}
}
But with both methods you should know: This will not add the text from one object to another. To do that you will have to write that in your code manually.

Prevent button getting focus

I have a solution with several forms, each may have TextBox's/controls and a button to show the SIP (the bottom bar is hidden).
When the user clicks my SIP button, the SIP is enabled but the focus is now the button. I want the user to click the button - the SIP to display but the focus to remain on the control that had the focus before the user clicked the button. Does anyone know how to do this? Thanks.
Instead of using an standard button, you can create a custom one by deriving from the Control class and overriding the OnPaint method. A control created this way will not claim the focus by default when treating the Click event (tested on VS2008 netcf 2.0).
public partial class MyCustomButton : Control
{
public MyCustomButton()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs pe)
{
pe.Graphics.DrawString("Show SIP", Font, new SolidBrush(ForeColor), 0, 0);
// Calling the base class OnPaint
base.OnPaint(pe);
}
}
The solution of nathan will work also for Compact Framework or native Windows Mobile applications. In the textbox GotFocus set a global var and use this in the buttons click event to set the focus back to the last active textbox:
//global var
TextBox currentTB = null;
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
inputPanel1.Enabled = !inputPanel1.Enabled;
if(currentTB!=null)
currentTB.Focus();
}
private void textBox1_GotFocus(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
currentTB = (TextBox)sender;
}
regards
Josef
Edit: Solution with subclass of TextBox:
class TextBoxIM: TextBox{
public static TextBox tb;
protected override void OnGotFocus (EventArgs e)
{
tb=this;
base.OnGotFocus (e);
}
}
...
private void btnOK_Click (object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
string sName="";
foreach(Control c in this.Controls){
if (c.GetType()==typeof(TextBoxIM)){
sName=c.Name;
break; //we only need one instance to get the value
}
}
MessageBox.Show("Last textbox='"+sName+"'");
}
Then, instead of placing TextBox use TextBoxIM.

C# WinForms showing a control as a dropdown

Gretings
I need to have a custom control for my application. Basically its an expression editing GUI. You have, say, expression:
If variable_x is greater than variable_y
And you can click on "greater than" and change it to other comparator (like, equal to or less than).
The control thus must look like a label, but when you click it, it must show a dropdown (like combobox does) that has a listview inside (or maybe some other control) so that user can choose something. In a sense, i need a combobox without the box itself, replaced by something else (in this case, a label).
I know how to make custom controls, i understand i must somehow DropDown on mouse click or enter keypress, and hook events so that when whatever i dropped has closed, the choice is made, and also somehow track if user clicked elsewhere so i can close this dropdowned control. But i dont know if this is easy to do (some built-in method exists) or i have to do it all myself? Dont want to redevelop the wheel....
Please tell me if there are easy ways to do this.
Thanks!
You can extend the ComboBox control to update the DropDownStyle on Enter and LostFocus events.
public partial class MyComboBox : ComboBox
{
public MyComboBox()
{
InitializeComponent();
this.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;
this.SelectionChangeCommitted += this.OnComboBoxSelectionChangeCommitted;
this.Enter += this.OnControlEnter;
this.LostFocus += this.OnComboBoxLostFocus;
}
private void OnControlEnter(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.DropDownStyle = ComboBoxStyle.DropDownList;
}
private void OnComboBoxLostFocus(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.DropDownStyle = ComboBoxStyle.Simple;
}
private void OnComboBoxSelectionChangeCommitted(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// Notify to update other controls that depend on the combo box value
}
}

Is it possible to define a class-scope objet from a method?

This may seem totally unreasonable to ask, but I have been designing a multi-panel, real device simulator, that has many different screens and my current approach is to add all the screen objects from the code only and dispose them when I switch to another screen.
I have some fixed objects, that are the real device buttons that are already defined and in place. The thing is, I am separating each panel construction in methods, for example: buildLogin(), buildMainScreen(), etc, and I need to edit some of the screen objects from those methods, like changing the color of an enabled function label to green if enabled or white if disabled.
My question is: would it be possible to declare an object from a method that would be accessible in the whole class, like if it were defined in the variable declaration section? It would be something like the GLOBAL in PHP.
I can't declare it on top of everything like they would always be because when I dispose the objects, I can't "re-create" them, because of parenting, or re-using a disposed object or something...
[EDIT] Sample code:
public partial class frmMain : Form
{
//I could as well do this:
//Button button1 = new Button();
public frmMain()
{
buildLogin();
}
private void buildLogin()
{
Panel panel1 = new Panel();
Controls.Add(panel1);
//But then, there is no way to do this:
// if (button1.IsDisposed == true) //because of the panel, or smthing
Button button1 = new Button();
panel1.Controls.Add(button1);
button1.Click += (s, f) => { panel1.Dispose(); buildMainMenu(); };
}
private void buildMainMenu()
{
Panel panel2 = new Panel();
Controls.Add(panel2);
Button button2 = new Button();
panel2.Controls.Add(button2);
}
//This was created from the Designer and is class-scoped
private void btn_Frame_TSK1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//Here, I have no access to the objets I've created programatically.
//button1.Text = "Text changed!";
}
}
If you want to make sure things are always completely dynamic and always done in the code behind, you may want to look at searching for the controls you've created in the Controls collection.
For example, make sure to give button1 an ID value (button1.ID="textUpdatedButton") that will identify it uniquely from other controls you create. Then use FindControl or search on the Controls collection to find the control with the ID you want to locate in your event handler.
//This was created from the Designer and is class-scoped
private void btn_Frame_TSK1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Control control = this.FindControl("textUpdatedButton");
if(control != null && control is Button){
Button button1 = (Button)control;
button1.Text = "Text changed!";
}
}
Alternatively, to make things look more like a variable, you can use a Property to hide the control finding (as mentioned previously):
private Button Button1 {
get { return (Button)this.FindControl("textUpdatedButton"); }
}
//This was created from the Designer and is class-scoped
private void btn_Frame_TSK1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if(this.Button1 != null){
this.Button1.Text = "Text changed!";
}
}
The actual implementation will vary with how you build up your controls, but essentially this approach can let you build everything dynamically in your code behind if you need to do it that way. Just remember to use identifiers to let you find things later.
Define your object at the class level, as Static. This way it will be accessible from all methods of all instances of the class(disposing an instance will not affect it).

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