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UWP support for opengl

guys.
I have a opengl library written in c++. I know that I can use Angle but because of this I will need to code in C++ my whole app. Is there a way to use c++ opengl in UWP and still use C# as a main language?

Is there a way to use c++ opengl in UWP and still use C# as a main language?
ANGLE is currently the only way to get the OpenGL API to run in UWP. For more details please reference this thread.
You can write your own via interop if you want to use ANGLE from c#. You can also write your low level OpenGL stuff in C++ and wrapper it. Then invoke it by C# in your logic level.
Fortunately, people who have the same requirements as you created an issue on the GitHub a few days ago, and got samples from #mattleibow. #mattleibow shared his code in this thread. For more details, please reference OpenGL surface from SwapChainPanel declared in XAML in C#.
Additionally, ANGLE is actually for translating OpenGL ES to DirectX. So I recommend you to use Win2D instead. Win2D is a new, immediate mode 2D drawing framework for XAML applications on Windows 8.1 and Windows 10. It is built on the high performance foundation of DirectX, but is designed to provide the convenience and ease of use expected by C# and .NET developers. More details you can reference this video.

I realize it's been a long time since you posed this question, but I needed to do this also, so put together a small C# project that shows how to use ANGLE from C#. It includes minimal bindings to GL from C# (since OpenTK does not yet target UWP), and a part of the template application from ANGLE itself, which has all the SwapChainPanel, etc, setup. You can check it out here.

I had this issue, so I created my own library.
You could use my new library (https://github.com/hamarb123/hamarb123.SharpGLES) which runs OpenGL ES on UWP (and .NET Framework), it even has a GLESSwapChainPanel class for ease of use.

What's the deal with Monogame, SharpDX, and XNA?

I've been doing research on good tools to create games with, and I came across Monogame, Sharpx, and XNA. I have some questions regarding each:
When I create a new windows project (which advertises that it uses DirectX 12), the code template looks like this:
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input;
I understand Monogame is a re-implementation of XNA, but where is the "re" part? This code shows Monogame using Microsoft's XNA, and doesn't even hint at the usage of DirectX 12.
SharpDX has an advantage of using WinRT (so i've heard), but what exactly does that mean to me? I know that SharpDX is a layer that sits on top of DirectX to allow it to be used in C#, and naturally should use WinRT. What excuse does Monogame have not to use WinRT?
I feel I'm confused at something and want clarity. Keep in mind that I'm a total noob at this stuff, anything helps!

MonoGame is indeed a reimplementation of XNA. It uses Microsoft.Xna.Framework.* namespaces to preserve source code compatibility with XNA projects. MonoGame does not currently support DirectX 12 - the desktop version has DirectX 11 and OpenGL backends.
It provides simple, cross-platform classes for common game tasks (loading content, rendering, sound playback, etc.) and a pipeline for building runtime-optimized content files. MonoGame is really powerful for most projects and great for quick development, though not a fully featured game engine like Unity. Since it is modelled after XNA (discontinued a few years ago), most XNA samples/tutorials work just fine.
SharpDX is a low-level wrapper of DirectX types. You should go with it only if you want to get your hands dirty with low-level plumbing, which doesn't appear to be the case.
The DirectX implementation of MonoGame (used for classic Windows, UWP, and Windows 8 apps) internally uses SharpDX for communicating with DirectX. When it comes to WinRT, it is just an implementation detail of "modern" Windows app platform.

Wikipedia has a few pages on the history of XNA. In short it is no longer supported. MonoGame extends it. SlimDX and SharpDX use their own DirectX wrappers and are basically copies of each other. Going by a recent post SlimDX future
It will not be continued. I do not know MonoGame but am strong in SharpDX and it provides current support for DirectX 12. If you also want to use OpenGL, you could try ANX but I do not know it. The SharpDX guy also wrote a Collada class which is on GitHub and there is an Assimp class that is compatible. None of the above have an integrated physics system but PhysX for .Net works fine with SharpDX.
In summary if you only need Direct X for C# then SharpDX would be the most straight forward choice. If you think you might expand to other platforms, you might want to check out MonoGame or ANX but I can't vouch for either. None of the above mentioned are complete Game Engines (such as Unity or UE4) they simply allow the use of features such as DirectX that are not natively supported by Visual Studio C#.

C# Equivalent to java's Graphics2D

I've recently started about thinking about making a 2D game engine in C# from scratch.
Now, I've wondered: In java, I'd use the java.awt.Graphics2d and java.awt.Container classes.
What would you suggest me to use in C#?
Apparently, google couldn't help me with that one.

In .NET you could use Windows Presentation Foundation, it offers a great lot of graphic-manipulation. But if it fits to create a game-engine, I am not sure.
See MSDN for an overview.
Though, if you really want to have power, you should stick with DirectX and C++.
Note: there is FNA and MonoGame (both reimplementations of the now discontinued XNA), but they are both frameworks for creating games, not creating a game engine...

You can easily build games (2D/3D) with FNA or MonoGame (reimplementations of the now discontinued XNA). They aren't engines but they are both a layer architecture for simple DirectX-usage.
If you're looking for image manipulation within Windows Forms (PictureBox, Draw()-method overrides) you should have a look at System.Drawing.

Which Graphics Framework for Windows 8? MonoGame? OpenGL and Xaml/DirectX Mixing?

I would like to develop a game for windows 8, but since Xna isn't supported, i don't really know, if it is good to use something like MonoGame - because i think, it doesn't make any sense to use MonoDevelop with OpenGL while the UI Frontend runs with DirectX. But my searches and on "apptivate.ms", they still force the developers to use MonoDevelop - but why would a corporation like Microsoft even do this?
And i don't like to build my game in C++ with DirectX, because in my case, it's not a big game, and my favorite language (also, my language at work) is C#..
Btw., it would not be a big deal for me to write this game with OpenGL or C++, because I've got a lot of experience in these two for the past four years, but in this case, i like to have a "fast" and "save" solution like C# and a Graphics Framework.
So... maybe someone has the answer to these qustions:
Should i use MonoGame with Xaml / C# and don't worry about the mix of DirectX and OpenGL?
Or is there even another DirectX/Game Framework which i can use?
Or maybe, i'm totally wrong, and Xaml doesn't need DirectX? Or i can force MonoGame to use DirectX?
Or, another point - would something like "System.Drawing" fast enough for a spaceshooter with some nice shading effects (I think, for my case, i need shading and something like bloom, blurring etc.)? Maybe, Microsoft added a new 2D drawing library? (But i think its still gdi+ )

Your question is ambiguous if you are referring to Windows 8 Metro (aka Modern) or Windows 8 Desktop, but I assume it's the Metro version.
If you want to develop a game in C# for Win8 Metro without using a commercial solution, you can use:
SharpDX which is a low level DirectX API for .NET or the up-coming SharpDX.Toolkit (check latest news on the website) which is a high level framework around Direct3D11 (with a XNA like API, but with full Direct3D11 support). SharpDX is the only C# wrapper covering the whole DirectX API that is certified to work under Windows 8.
MonoGame which is using SharpDX for its Metro backend. I haven't heard that you need to use MonoDevelop for it, as it is working with an existing XNA project and VS 2012 should work just fine.
ANX which is also using SharpDX for its Metro backend.
Concerning the previous answer, If Win8 Modern is assumed, you can't use OpenTK, as OpenGL is not a certified API for the Microsoft App Store and SlimDX is not compatible with Windows 8 Metro.

There is an OpenGL to DirectX wrapper in the works that allows use of OpenGL in Windows 8 Modern applications. It's not complete yet but it may be sufficient if you want cross-platform compatibility and are willing to target only the subset of OpenGL that is implemented (or are willing to implement the rest yourself and hopefully contribute back.)
https://gl2dx.codeplex.com
Update: gl2dx seems to be dead as of November 2013, but there is a similar project, ANGLE, which implements most (if not all) of the OpenGL ES 2.0 spec and the EGL spec on top of either DirectX 9 or 11. This is the method by which Firefox and Google Chrome do WebGL on Windows.
http://code.google.com/p/angleproject/

If you want to use OpenGL and c#:
http://www.opentk.com/
For DirectX and c#:
http://www.slimdx.org/
or
http://sharpdx.org/

GDI+ is out bounds of Metro/Modern UI apps, if you're interested there some companies that look to make replacement apis like this one: http://www.moderncomponents.com/products/DrawingLibrary/, it's still in it's early stages, but looks good and may help you to create some simple games.

Creating native C++ OpenGL 3D editor and using it as a WinForms or WPF control in C#

I want to create a simple 3D editor program, and I don't like C++ windows programming. But I don't want to mess with managed code when using OpenGL, either. So, it is possible to create in native C++ a control which will host the OpenGL 3D drawing surface, with no other controls, and also with an interface (methods and properties), and use it as a control in a WinForms, or even better, WPF application?

It is also possible to use managed C++. I created a simple OpenGL control for WinForms which suits your requirements. You can find more info about it here.

Does it have to be OpenGL? Consider using XNA which would let you use C# and DirectX. Otherwise I suggest you find a C# wrapper for OpenGL. There are two wrappers listed here http://www.opengl.org/resources/bindings/.

I dont really understand your intention. You said that you hate C++ programming, you dont want to mess with managed code when using OpenGL, you want opengl windows with no ui control but you want winform or wpf as you ui.
If you hate programming c++, you have to use managed code.
If you dont want to mess with managed code when using OpenGL, you have to use c++ programming.
if you want to create in native C++ a control which will host the OpenGL 3D drawing surface, with no other controls(which i assume UI controls), why consider winform or wpf?
Dont use WPF to create 3d heavy applications. wpf was meant as a ui. you will find a lot of limitation along the way. There is also limitation in hosting(WPF), which makes it useless to use opengl with wpf.
I think the best bet would be XNA or http://www.opentk.com/(if you must use OpenGL). Tao Framework is obsolete and is not worth the effort.

I suggest you look at Ogre 3D ( http://www.ogre3d.org ). This cross-platform C++ library covers Open GL as well as DirectX. It has been successfully embedded in Qt, MFC and even has .NET representation. I highly suggest you take a look at it.

All you have to do is create a wrapper in c++ that exposes functions in c#