Controlling browser forward/back functions in web application - c#

I'm writing a web-based application for internal use within the business where I work. It's a fairly complex application, with a lot of forms that will allow the user to view and enter data, which once saved will be stored in a database.
One thing I'm anxious to avoid is allowing a situation to exist where a user might enter large amounts of data in the browser, and then (either deliberately or inadvertently) navigate off the page without saving the changes. To this end, I have already implemented an entry page which opens up a new browser window in which there are no navigation controls at all; only what is provided on the web pages themselves.
However, there are two potential ways in which a user could still lose data:
The browser Close button is still enabled, and a user could potentially lose work by clicking it inadvertently. I can probably live with this, as it falls at the extreme end of helping the user not to shoot himself in the foot.
In Internet Explorer (and, apparently, in Firefox) the Backspace button works like a Back button. I only discovered this accidentally, and have as yet been unable to find a simple way of stopping this behaviour. This is potentially a problem, as an inadvertent use of the Delete key (e.g. having positioned the cursor in a read-only textbox, or when the cursor isn't on any particular field in the page) will navigate off the page.
What I would like to do, as a minimum, is prevent Backspace from navigating off a page if that page has any user-writable fields on it and any of those fields have been changed by the user since the form was loaded. Ideally, I would like to disable this particular use of the Backspace key completely, while the user is logged into this web application. The two possible ways that I can think of, for achieving this, are: (1) clear the browser's history as each page is loaded, or (2) trap the Backspace key and only allow it to work if the cursor is positioned within a field whose text can be changed (e.g. a textbox).
Can anyone suggest how I could achieve either of these things? The solution needs to be programmatic, rather than something that has to be manually configured on every browser in the company.

Instead of blocking* functionality that your users have learned to expect in their daily activities at work and at home, why not work with it? Make the "back" button actually take them to the previous screen as expected, and use AJAX to silently save the form as they fill it out (say, every 5 or 10 seconds), so when they return to the form you can check to see if they already have partial, unsubmitted values saved and reload them.
This approach aligns with the realities of web-based applications and delights users if implemented well. An alert that says "you did something wrong" just frustrates users and makes them trust your application less. Remember - users almost never do the wrong thing. It's our applications that aren't aligned with usage.
* more like trying to block functionality. As you've discovered, people who designed the interwebs and web browsers never really intended for site developers to totally disable moving back and forward in the navigation history.

What about something like this? You can ask them if they are sure before they leave.
var changes = false;
window.onbeforeunload =
function()
{
if (changes)
{
var message = "Are you sure you want to navigate away from this page?\n\nYou still have unsaved changes.\n\nPress OK to continue or Cancel to stay on the current page.";
if (confirm(message)) return true;
else return false;
}
}

You should look at the Javascript's window.unload event.
This is fired when the use tries to leave the page. You can't totally stop them leaving the page, but you can give them a chance to cancel.

try this
window.onbeforeunload() {
return "Are you sure you want to navigate away?";
}

Related

Difference between calling __doPostBack and Click Event of an asp button

I am using __doPostback of a button control and it will take some time to complete the db operations. I am using it in an update panel and I am getting an issue from IE that it will say
Stop running this script.
May I know what is the issue ?
I think it may be due to __doPostBack. Previously it is direclty calling the Click Event. Thanks in advance.
Check your User Agent string. This same thing happened to me one time and I realized it was because I was testing out some pages as "googlebot". The JavaScript that is generated depends on knowing what the user agent is.
From http://support.mozilla.com/tiki-view_forum_thread.php?locale=tr&comments_parentId=160492&forumId=1:
To reset your user agent string type about:config into the location
bar and press enter. This brings up a list of preferences. Enter
general.useragent into the filter box, this should show a few
preferences (probably 4 of them). If any have the status user set,
right-click on the preference and choose Reset
Avoiding the 'Script taking too long' (all browsers have some form or another of this) message in browsers is relatively simple. You just have to make sure the browser knows you have not created an endless loop or recursion. And the easiest way to do is is to just give the browser a breather in between long running tasks.
have a look at this solution
http://www.picnet.com.au/blogs/Guido/post/2010/03/04/How-to-prevent-Stop-running-this-script-message-in-browsers

Silverlight IsolatedStorageFile.IncreaseQuotaTo

Msdn doc for IsolatedStorageFile.IncreaseQuotaTo states that:
To increase the quota, you must call
this method from a user-initiated
event, such as in an event handler for
a button-click event. When you call
the IncreaseQuotaTo method, the common
language runtime in Silverlight
presents a dialog box for the user to
approve the request. If the user
declines the request, this method
returns false and the quota remains
the same size.
How does Silverlight know that the method was called from a user-initiated event like a button click and not from some other thread?
More specifically: What is a user initiated event? Is there any way to overcome this limitation?
And another question:
I do some automatic downloads of files when user first accesses my application, but I don't want the user to press "Download" and then when I detect more space is needed call IncreaseQuota and have the "Silverlight dialog" appearing asking for more space.
I want to start the download automatically (not user initiated), and if I detect more space is needed, call IncreaseQuota and hence have the "Silverlight dialog" appear. (No user pressing download).
After much digging, I did find out what a user initiated event is. Seems that msdn doc specifies what a user initiated event in the section related to "events overview", but there's no link between documentation of IsolatedStorageFile.IncreaseQuotaTo and Events Overview
So a user initiated event according to the definition is:
Silverlight enforces that certain
operations are only permitted in the
context of a handler that handles a
user-initiated event. The following is
a list of such operations:
Setting IsFullScreen.
Showing certain dialogs. This includes
SaveFileDialog, OpenFileDialog, and
the print dialog displayed by
PrintDocument.Print.
Navigating from a HyperlinkButton.
Accessing the primary Clipboard API.
Silverlight user-initiated events
include the mouse events (such as
MouseLeftButtonDown), and the keyboard
events (such as KeyDown). Events of
controls that are based on such events
(such as Click) are also considered
user-initiated.
API calls that require user initiation
should be called as soon as possible
in an event handler. This is because
the Silverlight user initiation
concept also requires that the calls
occur within a certain time window
after the event occurrence. In
Silverlight 4, this time window is
approximately one second.
User-initiated event restrictions also
apply to usages of JavaScript API for
Silverlight.
When Silverlight is in full-screen
mode, some input events are
deliberately limited for security
reasons, although this can be
mitigated for out-of-browser
applications using elevated trust. For
more information, see Full-Screen
Support.
Although I don't see "IncreaseQuotaTo" inside the list of "operations", I'm guessing they just forgot it, since the behavior/limitations are the same as the ones described in the doc.
I was curios how exactly does silverlight know what a user initiated event is but after digging through .net framework source code I've got to a dead end:
if ((browserService == null) || !browserService.InPrivateMode())
{
//..
}
return false; //means that IncreaseQuota will fail
where browser.IsInPrivateMode is:
[SecuritySafeCritical]
public bool InPrivateMode()
{
bool privateMode = false;
return (NativeMethods.SUCCEEDED(UnsafeNativeMethods.DOM_InPrivateMode(this._browserServiceHandle, out privateMode)) && privateMode);
}
where DOM_InPrivateMode is in a DllImport["agcore"] which according to microsoft is confidential :(
So it looks like I won't find out soon how they're detecting user initiated events.
Thinking it more about it, I guess microsoft didn't want a user to have many tabs open in a browser and then poof: I call automatically IncreaseQuotaTo.
The IncreaseQuotaTo is a browser modal dialog. This means you can't navigate to other browser tabs while is active.
So if the user has now moved from my page to the tab with google.com, and if I would be able to call IncreaseQuotaTo with a delay, the user might think that google.com is asking for more storage :).
This would be a security breach indeed.
Had they implemented this with a page level dialog, then that would have been probably more easily hacked (or worked around).
So all in all, thinking of it, I'm starting to see why they implemented it like this and why these limitations exist.
The documentation isn't incomplete.
If I do this... button_click(..) { new UserControl() }... Does this still count as a user initiated event?
Yes. But what has that little bit of extra code really achieved?
What i've personally never experimented with is exactly what consitutes a user event; IOW is a mouse-over considered a user event? This will be very simple for you to try, and there are a multitude of other things you can experiment with. If necessary you could have a splash screen popup that welcomes the user and they have to click on it to dismiss it, at which point you make the request. It may seem a bit corny, but you can get away with things like this if you present it well.
Note that the prompt is a one-time thing. If you prompt the user and they accept, that storage is persisted for your application between visits, which means you don't need to prompt them again the next time they use your control, your quota is still increased from last time (unless the user has deliberately deleted it, which they can do by right clicking on the Silverlight control and then going to the Application Storage tab).

fighting spam bots

I have C# form in the site and want to prevent spam bots from filling it. The trick is, that I want to avoid CAPTHA or any other user input to avoid loosing a single registration.
Here are some techniques I have in my mind:
Hidden input field (question: is this still effective?)
Track time, since the first user input (focus on FirstName) till posting a form.. Humans will take more than 3 seconds to complete a form (even with auto-fill), where bots take a second or less to fill in registration and post it. (question: if I start timer with the first user input, when should I stop it?)
Put in the form tag a fake post url, or post form to itself, and only on Submit button click action to add a real post url with javascript. (question: wonder if new spam bots can cheat this?)
I would be glad to hear other techniques I could adopt, again, without using CAPTCHA, spam filters, form verifications and even validation. Thank you
would be good to have some sort of flash which asks you to reconnect dots (so that it is interactive and doesnt require typing), and when the user does it correctly, you can post with submit to check.
Never liked CAPTCHA, especially the wierd ones where even humans have problem intepreting it :)
A year ago there was a nice control for asp.net that put a hidden field on the form. With a javascript formula. Robots posted it back - and it wanted the result (stored the result first in the session). basically, as robots dont interpret the form in a browser (too slow).... ;) Most got just thrown out there.
Also, another tip: put in hidden fields for the email to address. Some (old)php forms use a mailer supportnig this. OBVIOUSLY only a robot fills that out ;) If not empty -> garbage.
Anyone else have any smart ideas? ;)
I would say stick with Captcha or a similar thing where the user has to type something in.
The problem with using JavaScript is that not everyone has javascript turned on and quite a few have it turned off for various reasons.
Now if you want to really track time, send a hidden form field with the server time filled in. When the postback occurs take the delta of that with the current time. Obviously if the field is missing then you know someone directly posted.

ASP.NET prevent bot/spam attack from a comment form

I have a simple contact us / comment from in my website and this form will send email containing the comments, etc after it is submitted. I have used NoBot control from ajaxcontrol toolkit for several times but it seems that this control did not prevent the spam/bot attack 100%.
The client insist that this form should not have any capcha code or something that users have to insert in the form. So what is the best way to handle the spam/bot attack for my current case.
Thanks.
Without a captcha there is no 100% way of stopping all spam. (or even with a captcha)
one method would be to put an input type=text on the page and hide it using css, then if it's filled in when the form is submitted it's spam, any normal user would never even know about the field.
Outside of a captcha, the key to stopping bots on small sites is to do something custom. Bot-writers know their work, and they'll have canned scripts capable of defeating the common and even most of the uncommon systems out there. You need to do something unique. It doesn't even have to be that complicated. The person who created this very site was able to get by running a popular blog for years by simply asking his users to type in the word orange.
I want to also point out that this doesn't mean you should start from scratch. As with all security-related code, if you try to do it yourself you'll likely get it wrong. What you want to do is find a system that gives you source code and customize it for your site, so that existing scripts that know how to defeat that system will no longer work.

How do i lock an asp.net page from multi-user editing?

i have a page with a series of checkboxes that authenticated users can change. I need to make this page only editable by one person at a time. So if a user goes into it and edits one of the checkboxes, noone else can go into the page and change other checkboxes.
I thought about an edit page link and a readonly page link (all controls disabled), then set a database flag if user enters under edit mode, but my concern is i wouldn't know if the user changed something, then just x'd out of the browser/app, locking everyone else out.
This is an internal app to company. Has anybody done something like this?
Any ideas or thoughts or suggestions?
Thanks
We have this functionality on an older ASP app. The user will load data with some type of primary key. We put in a DB entry to "lock" that page. If they correctly move through the site, it will unlock the resources at that time.
Other users opening this page will receive indication that the page is locked and a read-only version is rendered.
It would be fairly trivial to code a unPageUnload AJAX call to reset the lock for browser closing. We don't find this to be much of an issue and old locks are just cleared by an evening process if more than 4 hours old.
Our situation is where the pages are tied to specific regions of data. If this is a general config screen, I think a more dynamic AJAX solution that pushed the updates back and pings for changes might make sense. You would have to decide if you want to disable changes from others after the first update is received or implement collision detection for the data.
Some type of hashing of the page data would probably make this easier to detect changes.
You do what you said, but add a client side timer which will ping the server and tell you they are still there. If you don't get a ping within x mins you could let a new user go into edit mode but perhaps warn them (or not).
What about letting all users edit this page and how your script check in for page updates? Just like SO does, while you are typing in an answer, an orange message appears above saying "At least one new answer has been posted". You could display something like "The page has been modified since you last opened it".
There was something like timer in ASP.NET AJAX. You could use that to talk to the server to send "IN EDIT" status updates. You can even go further. Say you send "LOCKOUT REQUEST" requests every 15 seconds asynchronously and you expect to receive the "LOCKOUT GRANTED" response from server. If the response hasn't been received, you disable all controls on the page until maybe the next request receives the confirmation (the previous message could have been lost in the network). This way, if one user closes the browser, the other won't have to wait many minutes or hours until they get the edit permission.
Essentially, you need a distributed implementation for a critical section concept. It maube a challenge to implement it over HTTP. But that's a very interesting challenge, isn't it?
If you're trying to prevent two users from updating a db record and over-writing each other, perhaps it would be easier to detect this than prevent it.
On strategy for this is to include a "version" field in the record, and save that in a hidden field when rendering the page.
Then you simply include that as a condition of your update (i.e. UPDATE ... WHERE ID = myID AND VERSION = myversion) - if your update returns 0 rows, you know that someone else modified the data, and you can then decide what to do - reload the new data, offer the user a chance to compare them, etc.
How about an alternative to an extended lock?
Since you appear to be manipulating relatively small amounts of data, it would be more polite to put an encoded version of original state of the data in a hidden form field (or a datestamp, though that's less reliable; a hash of the values would work for larger amounts of data). In a transaction, check the state of the database against the hidden form values; if the original record has changed since the user submitted the changes, you reject the update. If not, accept the update, and commit the transacation.
Another approach could be to have an Application variable that contained a map or dictionary of locked items.
So, when one user hits edit, add an entry to the AppVariable Map or Dictionary, with the Key set to the primary ID of the field being edited. Then for all further requests, when they change between records, do a check of the ID within the map and if its being edited, Toggle off any update buttons. If you want to do it AJAXy, add a timer and an UpdatePanel and poll to see when the lock is released, then refresh the page with the updated data and enable the update buttons again.
Or, as a slightly greater UI, allow the users to edit while waiting for the lock to release ( the Map item to be removed ), then when it is removed, compare the fields they have been working on, with the updated database values and allow them to overwrite/merge their changes.
The only real downside is, 1) You would need to create one Application level Dictionary or Map for each table that you want to lock/unlock. 2) If you get into a webfarm environment, it breaks and you would have to use a different system.
Does that make sense?

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