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cdata-section-elements not working

I am trying to set a password in an xml file generated via XSLT (using Saxon-HE v9.7.0.14), by setting a global parameter.
The password can contain any characters so it needs to be put in a CDATA section.
I am trying to achieve this by setting the cdata-section-elements attribute of my xslt's xsl:output element to include the name of the password element:
<xsl:output method="xml" indent="yes" cdata-section-elements="password"/>
This is not working. I have included example code, input, xslt, current output and desired output below.
What do I need to change to get the password inside a CDATA section?
Program:
using System;
using System.IO;
using Saxon.Api;
namespace XsltTest {
class Program {
static void Main(string[] args) {
var xslt = new FileInfo(#"transform.xslt");
var input = new FileInfo(#"input.xml");
var output = new FileInfo(#"output.xml");
var processor = new Processor();
var compiler = processor.NewXsltCompiler();
var executable = compiler.Compile(new Uri(xslt.FullName));
var transformer = executable.Load();
var destination = new DomDestination();
using (var inputStream = input.OpenRead()) {
transformer.SetInputStream(inputStream, new Uri(Path.GetTempPath()));
transformer.SetParameter(
new QName("password"),
new XdmAtomicValue("secret"));
transformer.Run(destination);
}
destination.XmlDocument.Save(output.FullName);
}
}
}
Transform.xslt:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
xmlns:msxsl="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xslt" exclude-result-prefixes="msxsl">
<xsl:output method="xml" indent="yes" cdata-section-elements="password"/>
<xsl:param name="password" />
<xsl:template match="#* | node()">
<bar>
<username>
<xsl:value-of select="//username"/>
</username>
<password>
<xsl:value-of select="$password"/>
</password>
</bar>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
Input.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<foo>
<username>john</username>
</foo>
Output.xml:
<bar>
<username>john</username>
<password>secret</password>
</bar>
The password is not put inside a CDATA section.
Desired result:
<bar>
<username>john</username>
<password><![CDATA[secret]]></password>
</bar>

The options on xsl:output affect the actions of the serializer, and if the output is not serialized, they have no effect. You are writing to a DomDestination rather than to a Serializer (and then serializing the DOM using DOM methods, which know nothing about the XSLT xsl:output declaration).
In any case your premise is wrong: "The password can contain any characters so it needs to be put in a CDATA section." Without cdata-section-elements, special characters will be serialized using entity references such as < and &, which should work just fine.

I tested your code and it appears to be working correctly.
The input line
xsltproc --stringparam password "1>2Ä-34" Transform.xslt Input.xml
returns the desired output
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<bar>
<username>john</username>
<password><![CDATA[1>2Ä-34]]></password>
</bar>
Did you miss the input of the password parameter to the XSLT processor to feed the <xsl:param name="password" />?

Michael Kay's answer explained the solution, which was that the cdata-section-elements attribute is only applicable when writing to a Serializer not a DomDestination.
Here's the C# code for doing that:
static void Main(string[] args) {
var xslt = new FileInfo(#"transform.xslt");
var input = new FileInfo(#"input.xml");
var output = new FileInfo(#"output.xml");
var processor = new Processor();
var compiler = processor.NewXsltCompiler();
var executable = compiler.Compile(new Uri(xslt.FullName));
var transformer = executable.Load();
var serializer = new Serializer();
using (var writer = new StreamWriter(output.FullName))
using (var inputStream = input.OpenRead()) {
serializer.SetOutputWriter(writer);
transformer.SetInputStream(inputStream, new Uri(Path.GetTempPath()));
transformer.SetParameter(
new QName("password"),
new XdmAtomicValue("secret"));
transformer.Run(serializer);
}

Visual C# Display XML Web Browser

So I am following a tutorial from here. I have the following code but it simply won't display anything inside the web browser component. The specific instructions I followed are:
"Hi everyone,
I managed to do this using the following strategy:
Download an HTML 1.0 compliant version of defaultss.xsl (I'm using my own)
Create an XMLCompiledTransform object and load the "defaultss.xsl" stylesheet. I actually embedded it is a resource in my assembly and read it from there.
Transform your XML stream using the XMLCompiledTransform into an HTML stream.
Set the WebBrowser.DocumentStream = HTML stream
Remember to "AllowNavigation" otherwise the thing doesn't work.
Hope this helps,
B."
OpenFileDialog OpenCCD = new OpenFileDialog();
OpenFileDialog OpenXSL = new OpenFileDialog();
string xslpath, filepath;
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
OpenCCD.ShowDialog();
filepath = OpenCCD.FileName;
}
private void cmd_XSL_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
OpenXSL.ShowDialog();
xslpath = OpenXSL.FileName;
}
private void cmd_View_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
MessageBox.Show("XML Path:" + filepath + "\nXSL Path:" + xslpath);
XslCompiledTransform xsl = new XslCompiledTransform();
xsl.Load(xslpath);
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
xsl.Transform(filepath, null, ms);
webBrowser1.DocumentStream = ms;
}
The xml is pretty long so here is a piece of it:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<CDocument xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="urn:hl7-org:v3 http://xreg2.nist.gov:8080/hitspValidation/schema/cdar2c32/infrastructure/cda/C32_CDA.xsd" xmlns="urn:hl7-org:v3" xmlns:mif="urn:hl7-org:v3/mif">
<realmCode code="US"/>
<typeId root="2.16.840" extension="PO"/>
<templateId root="2.16"/>
<templateId root="2.17"/>
<id root="2.16.84" extension="E5"/>
<code codeSystem="2.16.88" codeSystemName="" code="3" displayName="TITLE"/>
<title>TITLE</title>
<effectiveTime value="2925"/>
<confidentialityCode code="Y" codeSystem=""/>
<recordTarget>
<patientRole>
<id root="2.16.84" extension="215"/>
<addr use="P">
<streetAddressLine>123 GREEN TRAIL RD</streetAddressLine>
<city>BIRMINGHAM</city>
<state>AL</state>
<postalCode>35211</postalCode>
<country>USA</country>
</addr>
<telecom use="H" value="tel:000000000"/>
<patient>
<name>
<given qualifier="L">ADAM</given>
<family qualifier="R">EVERYMAN</family>
</name>
<ethnicGroupCode codeSystem="2.16.84" codeSystemName="Race" displayName="Not Hispanic or Latino"/>
<languageCommunication>
<languageCode code="eng"/>
</languageCommunication>
</patient>
</patientRole>
</recordTarget>
XSL is also long so here is a piece of it:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:n3="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:n1="urn:hl7-org:v3" xmlns:n2="urn:hl7-org:v3/meta/voc" xmlns:voc="urn:hl7-org:v3/voc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<xsl:output method="html" indent="yes" version="4.01" encoding="ISO-8859-1" doctype-public="-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"/>
<xsl:variable name="tableWidth">50%</xsl:variable>
<xsl:variable name="title">
<xsl:choose>
<xsl:when test="/n1:CDocument/n1:title">
<xsl:value-of select="/n1:CDocument/n1:title"/>
</xsl:when>
<xsl:otherwise>CDocument</xsl:otherwise>
</xsl:choose>
</xsl:variable>
<xsl:template match="/">
<xsl:apply-templates select="n1:CDocument"/>
</xsl:template>

The solution that I found was to use the following code instead. This code, saves a result.html and renders that inside the web browser control.
XslCompiledTransform myXslTrans = new XslCompiledTransform();
myXslTrans.Load(xslpath);
string directoryPath = Path.GetDirectoryName(filepath);
myXslTrans.Transform(filepath, directoryPath+"result.html");
webBrowser1.Navigate(directoryPath+"result.html");

Transformation through msxsl namespace

I am using XSLT transformation template which works with MSSQL database in which i have to do some complex computing. I show piece of code below. Important is method GetZaloha. It returns large xml element which I want past it to output xml, but obv. this approach doesn't work. I tried to return value as string through xElem.ToString() but result is represented (ofc.) as string. so "<" and ">" marks are represented as escaped &gt and &lt.
Do somebody have idea how provide some object to transformation which will be represented as xml structured text? Thank you very much.
<msxsl:script implements-prefix="utility" language="C#">
<msxsl:assembly name="System"/>
<msxsl:assembly name="System.Data"/>
<msxsl:using namespace="System"/>
<msxsl:using namespace="System.Xml"/>
<msxsl:assembly name="System.Core" />
<msxsl:assembly name="System.Xml.Linq" />
<msxsl:using namespace="System.Collections.Generic" />
<msxsl:using namespace="System.Linq" />
<msxsl:using namespace="System.Xml.Linq" />
<![CDATA[
public static XElement GetZaloha(string VariableSymbol)
{
XElement xElem = .....
return xElem;
}
]]>
</msxsl:script>
<xsl:template match="#* | node()">
<xsl:copy>
<xsl:apply-templates select="#* | node()"/>
</xsl:copy>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="CisloDokladu">
<xsl:element name="CisloDokladu">
<xsl:copy-of select="#*" />
<xsl:apply-templates />
</xsl:element>
<xsl:variable name="VariabilniSymbol" select="./VariabilniSymbol"/>
<xsl:element name="OdpoctyZaloh">
<xsl:attribute name="ObjectType">List</xsl:attribute>
<xsl:attribute name="ObjectName">OdpocetZalohy</xsl:attribute>
<xsl:value-of select="utility:GetZaloha($VariabilniSymbol)" />
</xsl:element>
</xsl:template>

Some solution: write output XML with XSLT transform extension object and use XmlWriter method WriteCData:
public class CDataWriter
{
public static XDocument Transform(XDocument doc, string fileXslt)
{
XsltArgumentList xslArg = new XsltArgumentList();
XslCompiledTransform trans = new XslCompiledTransform();
trans.Load(fileXslt);
XDocument xmlOutput = new XDocument();
using (var writer = xmlOutput.CreateWriter())
{
CDataWriter info = new CDataWriter(writer);
xslArg.AddExtensionObject("urn:cdata", info);
trans.Transform(input: doc.CreateReader(), arguments: xslArg, results: writer);
}
return xmlOutput;
}
protected CDataWriter(XmlWriter writer) { this.writer = writer; }
XmlWriter writer;
public string CData(object obj)
{
if (obj != null && obj is System.Xml.XPath.XPathNodeIterator)
{
var iter = obj as System.Xml.XPath.XPathNodeIterator;
if (iter.Count > 0 && iter.MoveNext())
{
var current = iter.Current;
writer.WriteCData(current.OuterXml);
}
}
return string.Empty;
}
}
Sample xslt file:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"
xmlns:trans="urn:cdata">
<xsl:template name="cdata">
<Result>
<xsl:value-of select="trans:CData(*)" />
</Result>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

You are currently using <xsl:value-of> to include your function result into your XML output. This tag always flattens the XML node tree by (more or less) extracting just the text parts from it. I would suggest that you use
<xsl:copy-of select="utility:GetZaloha($VariabilniSymbol)" />
instead which copies the complete node tree (without alteration) into the XML output.

Five years after, but since I have just figured out the solution I post it anyway.
The xsl engine only accepts a limited set of types. XPathNavigator is one and it allows to return a full xml sub-tree from the script into the document.
Here is some more info about the accepted return types
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/data/xml/script-blocks-using-msxsl-script
The xsl
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
xmlns:msxsl="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xslt"
xmlns:my-scripts="urn:my-scripts"
exclude-result-prefixes="msxsl my-scripts"
>
<xsl:output method="xml" encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes" />
<msxsl:script language="C#" implements-prefix="my-scripts">
<![CDATA[
public static XPathNavigator createXmlNodes(string text)
{
//prepare DOM with doc elent named "root"
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.LoadXml("<root/>");
var root = doc.DocumentElement;
//Add an element
var elem = doc.CreateElement("token");
elem.AppendChild(doc.CreateTextNode(text));
root.AppendChild(elem);
//Add an element
elem = doc.CreateElement("token2");
elem.AppendChild(doc.CreateTextNode(text));
root.AppendChild(elem);
//returnxpathNavigator, this will include "root"
return root.CreateNavigator();
// A second option using a string instead of a DOM
//var sr = new System.IO.StringReader("<token>" + text + "</token>");
//var xp = new XPathDocument(sr);
//return xp.CreateNavigator();
}
]]>
</msxsl:script>
<!-- Ignore Input just call function using fixed text -->
<xsl:template match="/">
<doc>
<!-- the /* is there to skip the root element -->
<xsl:copy-of select="my-scripts:createXmlNodes('Hello World')/*" />
</doc>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet >
Empty dummy input
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<empty/>
result
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<doc>
<token>Hello World</token>
<token2>Hello World</token2>
</doc>

XSLT not encoding double byte characters

I'm working on a viewer to display xml log files as html using xslt. Everything is going fine exception my localization. The resulting HTML file has a 'ó' where some double byte characters should be. I can't figure out what I am doing wrong.
Here is a a stripped down XSLT file:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
xmlns:fn="http://www.w3.org/2005/02/xpath-functions">
<xsl:output method="html" version="4.0" encoding="utf-8" indent="yes"/>
<xsl:variable name="language" select="nbklog/#language" />
<xsl:variable name="dictionaryName">
dictionary_<xsl:value-of select="$language"/>.xml
</xsl:variable>
<xsl:variable name="dictionary" select="document($dictionaryName)" />
<xsl:template match="/nbklog">
<html>
<body>
<h2>
<xsl:value-of select="$dictionary//String[#Key=$jobType]" />
</h2>
</body>
</html>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
Here is a dictionary xml file used for localization:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Dictionary xml:lang="es-ES">
<String Key="Application">
Applicación
</String>
</Dictionary>
Here is an example xml file to be transformed:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<nbklog id="51b654d4" jobType="backup" language="es-ES" version="1.0">
<deviceName>c:\</deviceName>
....
</nbklog>
I'm executing the transformation the following c# code:
string theOutputHtml;
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream()) {
using (XmlTextWriter writer = new XmlTextWriter(ms, Encoding.UTF8)) {
XPathDocument theDocument = new XPathDocument(inXmlFilename);
// Load the style sheet and run the transformation.
XslCompiledTransform theXslTrasform = new XslCompiledTransform();
theXslTrasform.Load(inXsltFilename, XsltSettings.TrustedXslt, null);
theXslTrasform.Transform(theDocument, writer);
ms.Position = 0;
using (StreamReader theReader = new StreamReader(ms)) {
theOutputHtml = theReader.ReadToEnd();
}
}
}
The content of theOutputHtml will have a 'ó' instead of the 'ó'.
EDIT:
Adding this between the and tags in the html string solved my problem:
<meta http-equiv='Content-Type' content='text/html;charset=UTF-8'>

Change new XmlTextWriter(ms, Encoding.ASCII) to new XmlTextWriter(ms, Encoding.UTF8)
Update:
Another possible issue is that although your XML files have an encoding="utf-8" declaration, perhaps the files aren't actually saved with that encoding. Check that all of your XML files' encodings match their declared encodings. Personally, I prefer doing away with declaring the encoding so that it can be automatically be detected instead.

Pretty sure its because you are using the wrong encoding, try this:
using (XmlTextWriter writer = new XmlTextWriter(ms, Encoding.Unicode))

White space cannot be stripped from input documents that have already been loaded. Provide the input document as an XmlReader instead

I want to transform a XML document, but having a problem.
My XSLT looks like this:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1" ?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:output method="html" />
<xsl:strip-space elements="*" />
<xsl:template match="/">
<xsl:apply-templates select="address" />
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="address">
<xsl:value-of select="#street" />
<xsl:value-of select="#housenr" />
<xsl:value-of select="#zipcode" />
<xsl:value-of select="#city" />
<xsl:value-of select="#country" />
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
And the XML document I want to transform looks like this:
<address id="4" type="1"
typename="Postadres"
street="pak street"
housenr="420"
zipcode="42000"
city="Nill"
country="Lahore"
kix="" />
Here is the code I've written:
public static string Transform(XmlDocument doc, XmlDocument stylesheet)
{
var transform = new System.Xml.Xsl.XslCompiledTransform();
XmlDocument domOutput = new XmlDocument();
stylesheet.PreserveWhitespace = false;
transform.Load(stylesheet); // compiled stylesheet
MemoryStream oStream = new MemoryStream();
var writer = new System.IO.StringWriter();
transform.Transform(doc, (XsltArgumentList)null, oStream);
domOutput.Load(oStream);
return writer.ToString();
}
The following line throws an exception
transform.Transform(doc, (XsltArgumentList)null, oStream);
Exception message:
White space cannot be stripped from input documents that have already been loaded. Provide the input document as an XmlReader instead.
Can you tell me what I am doing wrong?
Thanks in advance!

I solved it. Actually "XslCompiledTransform.Transform" takes XmlReader as first Parameter and i was passing XmlDocument in First Paramenter.
Here is the code.
public static string Transform(XmlDocument doc, XmlDocument stylesheet)
{
try
{
System.Xml.Xsl.XslCompiledTransform transform = new System.Xml.Xsl.XslCompiledTransform();
transform.Load(stylesheet); // compiled stylesheet
System.IO.StringWriter writer = new System.IO.StringWriter();
XmlReader xmlReadB = new XmlTextReader(new StringReader(doc.DocumentElement.OuterXml));
transform.Transform(xmlReadB, null, writer);
return writer.ToString();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
}