Unit testing methods in the Presenter, MVP - c#

Im trying to test a method which composes a collection of controls. It calls two methods:
Copies the original collection.
Sorts the new collection.
Ideally id like to be able to pass in a collection and test to see thats it sorts it correctly. Id also like to verify that method 1) is called twice, see below attempt based on the following:
Example using RhinoMock
The following test is producing errors when i try to create an instance of MainPresenter. General jist of the errors are "Can not convert from Moq.Mock to "FrazerMann.CsvImporter.UserInterface.IMainForm. + a similar one for IFileDialog.
[Test]
public void ComposeCollectionOfControls_CallSequence_4Calls()
{
var main = new Mock<IMainForm>();
var dialog = new Mock<IFileDialog>();
var temp = new Mock<IMainPresenter>();
temp.Setup(s => s.PopulateLists<Control>(It.IsAny<TableLayoutPanel>(), It.IsAny<List<Control>>()));
var testObject = new MainPresenter(main.Object, dialog.Object);
testObject.ComposeCollectionOfControls(It.IsAny<object>(), It.IsAny<EventArgs>());
temp.Verify(v => v.PopulateLists<Control>(It.IsAny<TableLayoutPanel>(), It.IsAny<List<Control>>()), Times.Once());
}
I would like to test the ComposeCollectionOfControls to ensure PopulateList() is called twice.
public interface IMainPresenter
{
void PopulateLists<T>(TableLayoutPanel userInputs, List<T> container) where T : Control;
int SortList<T>(T control1, T control2) where T : Control;
}
public class MainPresenter:IMainPresenter
{
UserInputEntity inputs;
IFileDialog _dialog;
IMainForm _view;
public MainPresenter(IMainForm view, IFileDialog dialog)
{
_view = view;
_dialog = dialog;
view.ComposeCollectionOfControls += ComposeCollectionOfControls;
view.SelectCsvFilePath += SelectCsvFilePath;
view.SelectErrorLogFilePath += SelectErrorLogFilePath;
view.DataVerification += DataVerification;
}
public void ComposeCollectionOfControls(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
PopulateLists<TextBox>(_view.ColumnNameCtrls, _view.SortedColumnNameCtrls);
_view.SortedColumnNameCtrls.Sort(SortList<TextBox>);
PopulateLists<ComboBox>(_view.ColumnDataTypeCtrls, _view.SortedColumnDataTypeCtrls);
_view.SortedColumnDataTypeCtrls.Sort(SortList<ComboBox>);
}
}
Could someone please give me some pointers as to how this should be done?

The error you are seeing is because your are passing the mock class itself (which is of type Moq.Mock) rather than the mocked object that Moq creates for you.
Instead of:
var testObject = new MainPresenter(main, dialog);
you need:
var testObject = new MainPresenter(main.Object, dialog.Object);
As an aside, it is usually considered bad practice to explicitly verify things like the number of calls made on a particular method. This leads to a tight coupling between your tests and a particular implementation, and consequently brittle tests.
By testing how many times you call a method you will often find a test failing after you refactor some code when the end result of the code is still correct.
It is much better to test the final state of the objects involved, and make your tests ignorant of how that state was reached.

Related

How to Mock Base Class Property or Method in C#

i surf over internet for mock base class member in Nunit test case with no luck and finally decide to ask this scrap to stack overflow community.
Below code snippet has scenario in my application. i am going to write unit test for BankIntegrationController class and i want to make stub data or make mock for IsValid property and Print method.
Fremwork : Moq,Nunit
public class CController : IController
{
public bool IsValid {get;set;}
public string Print()
{
return // some stuff here;
}
}
public class BankIntegrationController : CController, IBankIntegration
{
public object Show()
{
if(this.IsValid)
{
var somevar = this.Print();
}
return; //some object
}
}
You don't need to mock anything. Just set the property before calling Show:
[Fact]
public void Show_Valid()
{
var controller = new BankIntegrationController { Valid = true };
// Any other set up here...
var result = controller.Show();
// Assertions about the result
}
[Fact]
public void Show_Invalid()
{
var controller = new BankIntegrationController { Valid = false };
// Any other set up here...
var result = controller.Show();
// Assertions about the result
}
Mocking is a really valuable technique when you want to specify how a dependency would behave in a particular scenario (and particularly when you want to validate how your code interacts with it), but in this situation you don't have any dependencies (that you've shown us). I've observed a lot of developers reaching for mocks unnecessarily, in three situations:
When there's no dependency (or other abstract behaviour) involved, like this case
When a hand-written fake implementation would lead to simpler tests
When an existing concrete implementation would be easier to use. (For example, you'd rarely need to mock IList<T> - just pass in a List<T> in your tests.)

Moq - mock.Object.MyMethod mocking does not work

I have a strange trouble. I am not too familiar with Moq, being more a GUI guy. I tried to mock a factory method in my code. The factory looks like this, and returns a ISettings instance which does many IO Operations. I want it to return a memory only ISettings instance to accelerate my test.
public class SettingsFactory
{
internal ISettings mSettingsImpl;
internal virtual ISettings CreateOrGetSettings()
{
return mSettingsImpl ?? (mSettingsImpl = new XmlSettings());
}
}
and the mock is
var imocked = new Mock<SettingsFactory>() {CallBase = false};
imocked.Setup(x => x.CreateOrGetSettings()).Returns(new NonPersistingSettings());
var tryToSeeTheType = imocked.Object.CreateOrGetSettings();
the tryToSeeTheType is however XMLSettings and not NonPersistingSettings as I would expect. Stepping through results into the code shown me that it goes directly into the original factory method. Any suggestions what I do wrong here?
The "Object" property of a mocked object is not actually an instance of the class you are trying to mock.
The purpose of a mock is to be able to replace an object the method you are trying to test depends on.
Imagine that your SettingsFactory performs very expensive operations like for example accessing the network or a database or the file system. You do not want your test to access those expensive resources so you create a mock. I would be something like this:
public class ClassThatUsesSettingsFactory
{
private readonly SettingsFactory _settingsFactory;
public ClassThatUsesSettingsFactory(SettingsFactory settingsFactory)
{
_settingsFactory = settingsFactory;
}
public void MethodThatCallsSettingsFactory()
{
//... do something
var settings = _settingsFactory.CreateOrGetSettings();
//... do something
}
}
By doing this you are able to replace the SettingsFactory with a mock on your unit test like so:
[TestMethod]
public void MakeSureSettingsFactoryIsCalled()
{
var settingsFactoryMock = new Mock<SettingsFactory>();
settingsFactoryMock.Setup(f => f.CreateOrGetSettings(), Times.Once).Verifiable();
var subjectUnderTest = new ClassThatUsesSettingsFactory(settingsFactoryMock.Object);
subjectUnderTest.MethodThatCallsSettingsFactory();
settingsFactoryMock.Verify();
}
This unit test is basically only making sure that the method CreateOrGetSettings gets called once and only once when the MethodThatCallsSettingsFactory gets executed.
What Moq does is to create a different class with a different implementation of its virtual method that will, most likely, set a flag to true once it gets called and then check the value of that flag on the "Verify" method.
There is a lot to grasp here so I hope it is clear enough since you mentioned that you do not have a lot of experience with Moq.

How to mock events with internal constructors

I have a service responsible for subscribing to EWS for new mail notification. I've created an interface for the service in order to mock it and test a dummy implementation. However, I'm running into a wall whenever I try to manually tell what my events are supposed to do.
Here is my concrete implementation.
public interface IExchangeService
{
void Subscribe();
}
public class ExchangeServiceSubscriber : IExchangeService
{
private readonly ExchangeService _exchangeService;
private readonly IConsumer<IEmail> _consumer;
public ExchangeServiceSubscriber(
ExchangeService exchangeService,
IConsumer<IEmail> consumer)
{
_exchangeService = exchangeService;
_consumer = consumer;
}
public void Subscribe()
{
// code to subscribe
streamingConnection.OnNotificationEvent += OnEvent;
streamingConnection.Open();
}
public void OnEvent(object sender, NotificationEventArgs args)
{
foreach (NotificationEvent triggeredEvent in args.Events)
{
if (triggeredEvent is ItemEvent)
{
var propertySet = new PropertySet(ItemSchema.UniqueBody, ItemSchema.Attachments)
{
RequestedBodyType = BodyType.Text
};
EmailMessage email = EmailMessage.Bind(args.Subscription.Service,
((ItemEvent)triggeredEvent).ItemId, propertySet);
_consumer.Consume(new ExchangeEmail { Body = email.UniqueBody });
}
}
}
}
And unfortunatly, almost every class in EWS is either sealed or has an internal constructor which really limits how I decouple them, it seems. I've attempted to set the expectation for NotificationEventArgs (for example) but it uses an internal constructor.
Here is some ideas I've been fiddling with. You can read about mocking events here.
mock.Setup(x => x.OnEvent(new object(), new NotificationEventArgs()));
Issue with that is NotificationEventArgs uses an internal constructor.
I could see getting this working with some sort of wrapper but I'm not exactly sure what it would look like. One of the big problems is the way EWS is made pretty much prevents anyone from manually injecting dependencies. I'm essentially trying to test that whenever event OnEvent fires that the email will actually get consumed. Also, while I would like to test this functionality I'm not sure it's worth fighting EWS every step of the way.
Let's first see, what you can't do:
You can't subclass NotificationEventArgs because the ctor is internal.
You can't create an instance directly for the same reason.
So basically, you can't create an instance of this class using the "normal way". I assume you already checked for a factory method or class?
This leaves us with only one option: Instantiate the class using reflection, e.g. with the help of the Activator.CreateInstance method: Unit testing exception handling for third party exceptions with internal constructors, like so:
mock.Setup(x => x.OnEvent(new object(),
Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(NotificationEventArgs),
BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance,
null,
null,
null))
);

TDD can force the creation of "fake" dependencies

I'm using a boilerplate implementation of Model-View-Presenter in an ASP.NET WebForms application. My View has two events of consequence, one that signals that the user has filled out enough fields on the domain model to initiate a duplication check, and the other is a regular Save event. My pseudo code looks like this:
public class ItemNewPresenter : PresenterBase<IItemNewView>
{
public IItemService Service { get; private set; }
public IItemNewView View { get; private set; }
public ItemNewPresenter(IItemService service, IItemNewView view)
{
Service = service;
View = view;
View.OnSave += DoItemSave;
View.OnItemIsDuplicateCheck+= DoItemIsDuplicateCheck;
}
private void DoItemIsDuplicateCheck(object sender, CheckItemDuplicateEventArgs e)
{
CheckForItemDuplication(e.Item);
}
private void CheckForItemDuplication(Item item){
if (Service.IsDuplicateItem(item))
{
View.RedirectWithNotification(BuildItemUrl(item), "This item already exists");
}
}
private void DoItemSave(object sender, SaveItemEventArgs e)
{
DoItemIsDuplicateCheck(this, e.ToItemDuplicateEventArgs());
Service.Save(e.Item);
}
}
Here's my test for ensuring that my presenter behaves properly when OnItemIsDuplicateCheck is raised from the view:
[Test]
public void presenter_checking_for_existing_item_should_call_redirect_if_found()
{
var service = new Mock<IItemService>();
var view = new Mock<IItemNewView>();
var presenter = new ItemNewPresenter (service.Object, view.Object);
var onCheckExistingHandler = view.CreateEventHandler <CheckItemDuplicateEventArgs>();
view.Object.OnExistingDenominatorCheck += onCheckExistingHandler;
var eventArgs = new CheckItemDuplicateEventArgs();
service.Setup(s => s.IsDuplicate(It.Is<CheckItemDuplicateEventArgs>(c => c.Equals(eventArgs)))).Returns(true);
onCheckExistingHandler.Raise(eventArgs);
view.Verify(v => v.RedirectWithNotification(It.IsAny<String>(), It.IsAny<string>()), Times.Once());
service.Verify();
}
For consistency, I would like to have the same duplicate check fired when the View raises the OnSave event. My question is around how I am supposed to write my test when one of the methods I want to verify (CheckForItemDuplication) is declared on the class under test. The alternative to verifying the method invocation on the SUT (bad) would be to write my save test with lots of duplicated code (setup and assertion of all my mocks would be copied from the above test) and it also makes the unit test less focused.
[Test]
public void presenter_saving_item_should_check_for_dupe_and_save_if_not_one() {
//duplicate mocks/setups/asserts from duplicate check fixture
//additional mocks/setups/asserts to test save logic
}
I think TDD would suggest pulling this private method out into a separate class that collaborates with my Presenter and would be injected via DI. But adding another dependency to my Presenter for functionality that doesn't seem worthy of being a freestanding abstraction *and*represents an internal implementation detail of my Presenter seems...well...crazy. Am I way off base here? There must be some design pattern or refactoring I can apply that would avoid the need to turn a private method into a dependency.
What I have done sometimes, when confronted with this dilemma, is to extract the function, make an internal constructor with the object as argument, AND a public constructor without. The public ctor is forwarded to the internal with a new object such as:
public class ClassThatUseInjection
{
private readonly SomeClass _injectedClass;
public ClassThatUseInjection(): this(new SomeClass()) {}
internal ClassThatUseInjection(SomeClass injectedClass)
{
_injectedClass = injectedClass;
}
}
public class SomeClass
{
public object SomeProperty { get; set; }
}
Thus, you can use the empty constructor from outside, and the other constructor for when you want to inject a stubbed argument for testpurposes. As long as the empty constructor only forwards the call without any logic of its own, you can still test it, like it has only one constructor.
I would go with testing the class as is by adding the duplicate setup code. Once that test is passing and you are confident all test cases are covered you can then refactor your test code to remove duplication.
You can move the dependencies (service and view) to private fields, then add a method to create the SUT:
private Mock<IItemService> _service;
private Mock<IItemNewView> _view;
private PresenterBase<IItemNewView> CreateSUT()
{
_service = new Mock<IItemService>();
_view = new Mock<IItemNewView>();
return new ItemNewPresenter (service.Object, view.Object);
}
(I think most people would prefer to initialize the Mock objects in the Setup method.)
Call the CreateSUT from your tests and now there is a little less duplication. Then you may want to add private method(s) for creating the event handler / raising the event as long as it is something that is being done the same or similar in more than one tests case.
Having this CreateSUT method cuts down on the amount of test code that is calling your constructor making it easier in the future if you were to add / remove / change dependencies. If you treat your test code like any other code and use the DRY principle when you see duplication it can result in more explicit, easier to read, maintainable test code. Dealing with very similar setup and test context is a common issue with unit testing and should not always change how the class being tested is/was designed.
I'll be interested if there are better answers, as I encounter this all the time.
The alternative to verifying the method invocation on the SUT (bad) would be to write my save test with lots of duplicated code (setup and assertion of all my mocks would be copied from the above test) and it also makes the unit test less focused.
I'm not sure why you feel it makes the test less focused, but in your shoes I would do exactly what it sounds like you don't want to do--have duplicated setup code to test isolated cases for the SUT. You are testing the external behavior of the SUT with the test you supplied, which seems exactly right to me.
I am personally not a fan of exposing more than is necessary from a class and/or making behavior that should be the responsibility of the SUT into a dependency just to facilitate testing. The "natural boundry" of the class's responsibility should not be violated just because you want to test it.
It is easier to unit-test the calculation of the url than to unit-test that redirection has occured.
If i understood you corretly you want to test that the mvp-s CheckForItemDuplication() redirects to a certain url by raising
the view-mock-s OnItemIsDuplicateCheck event.
private void CheckForItemDuplication(Item item)
{
if (Service.IsDuplicateItem(item))
{
View.RedirectWithNotification(BuildItemUrl(item),
"This item already exists");
}
}
In my opinion you are doing to much.
What if you rewrite your code as
internal protected GetErrorUrlForItem(Item item)
{
if (Service.IsDuplicateItem(item))
{
return BuildItemUrl(item,
"This item already exists");
}
return null;
}
private void CheckForItemDuplication(Item item)
{
var result = GetErrorUrlForItem(item);
if (result != null)
{
View.RedirectWithNotification(result);
}
}
In the unittest just test the internal method GetErrorUrlForItem(). You have to use the InternalsVisibleTo attribute to allow accessing the internal method.

Rhino Mocks, Interfaces and properties

I have a class that has a property that I need to stub. I can't pass it as part of the constructor because the object constructing it does not know the parameters of the constructor.
When running unit tests, I want to be able to have the property be created as a stub.
This is what I have tried, but it does not work:
private DeviceMediator deviceMediator;
private IDeviceControlForm deviceControlForm;
private IDataAccess data;
private ICallMonitor callMonitor;
// Use TestInitialize to run code before running each test
[TestInitialize()]
public void MyTestInitialize()
{
// This line works fine
deviceControlForm = MockRepository.GenerateStub<IDeviceControlForm>();
// This line works fine
data = MockRepository.GenerateStub<IDataAccess>();
// This has to be an ICallMonitor. If I try to make it a
// CallMonitor then it fails.
callMonitor = (CallMonitor)
MockRepository.GenerateStub<ICallMonitor>();
// This line does not compile. Because it wants to
// return a CallMonitor not an ICallMonitor.
Expect.Call(new CallMonitor(null)).Return(callMonitor);
// This is the class that has the CallMonitor (called callMonitor).
deviceMediator = new DeviceMediator(deviceControlForm, data);
}
Is there anyway to catch the constructor call to CallMonitor and make it actually be a stub?
In case it is relevant, here is the related code in DeviceMediator:
private IDeviceControlForm form;
private readonly IDataAccess data;
public ICallMonitor CallMonitor { get; set; }
public DeviceMediator(IDeviceControlForm form, IDataAccess data)
{
this.form = form;
this.data = data;
CallMonitor = new CallMonitor(OnIncomingCall);
}
Thanks in advance for any help.
Since the CallMonitor property is writable, you can just overwrite the original value with a mock instance (your DeviceMediator actually implements the Property Injection design pattern).
So you can write a test like this:
[TestMethod]
public void MyTest()
{
var deviceControlForm = MockRepository.GenerateStub<IDeviceControlForm>();
var data = MockRepository.GenerateStub<IDataAccess>();
var mockCallMonitor = MockRepository.GenerateStub<ICallMonitor>();
var deviceMediator = new DeviceMediator(deviceControlForm, data);
deviceMediator.CallMonitor = mockCallMonitor;
// The rest of the test...
}
Firstly you can stub/mock classes directly in RhinoMock so if you want an actual CallMonitor stub rather than ICallMonitor you can, and this will overcome the casting issue in your code. The reason the cast fails is that RhinoMock creates a 'dynamic proxy' object which is not CallMonitor.
Secondly you cannot mock constructor calls, and most importantly there is no way to mock the call to new CallMonitor in the DeviceMediator constructor since there is no way to inject an instance.
The usual way to do what you want would be to change the DeviceMediator constructor to this:
public DeviceMediator(IDeviceControlForm form, IDataAccess data, ICallMonitor callMonitor) { ... }
Then your test can inject a stub/mock instance of this interface into the constructor.
EDIT: If you really can't inject an instance into the constructor then you have a few options:
Create a factory which you can stub:
public class CallMonitorFactory
{
public virtual CallMonitor CreateMonitor(args...) { }
}
public DeviceMediator(IDeviceControlForm form, IDataAccess data, CallMonitorFactory factory)
{
this.form = form;
this.data = data;
CallMonitor = factory.CreateMonitor(OnIncomingCall);
}
Add a protected factory method on DeviceMediator which returns a CallMonitor. You will then have to manually create a sub-class of DeviceMediator in your test so you can return the mock CallMonitor object.
Move the constructor argument for CallMonitor into a method/property that is called in the DeviceMediator constructor.
It appears you're trying to listen for an event of some kind on the CallMonitor, so you could (and should if this is the case) add an event which the DeviceMediator subscribes to. In this case you can use RhinoMock to mock the event raising call like this:
[Test]
public void IncomingCallTest()
{
IEventRaiser callEvent;
CallMonitor monitor = mocks.Stub(args..);
using(mocks.Record())
{
callEvent = monitor.Stub(m => m.IncomingCall += null).IgnoreArguments().GetEventRaiser();
//rest of expectations...
}
using(mocks.Playback())
{
DeviceMediator mediator = new DeviceMediator(form, data, monitor);
callEvent.Raise(sender, args);
}
}
However, as noted above, you cannot mock constructor calls using RhinoMock since this would require some changes to the generated IL (assuming it's even possible).
I do not have too much experience with Rhino in particular, but did you try casting the callMonitor to a CallMonitor in the call to Return?
For example:
Expect.Call(new CallMonitor(null)).Return((CallMonitor)callMonitor);
EDIT:
On second thought, it looks like Return might be a generic method, which means this could be an additional option
Expect.Call(new CallMonitor(null)).Return<CallMonitor>(callMonitor);

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