Unit testing FluentValidation rules for classes with sub/child classes - c#

Is it possible to write unit tests for fluentvalidation classes when the object we are validating has child classes that are also being validated.
As an example:
My class looks like this
public class TestModel
{
public class SubData
{
public int SubDataVal { get; set; }
}
public int ParentVal { get; set; }
public SubData Sub { get; set; }
}
My validation logic looks like this:
public class TestModelValidator : AbstractValidator<TestModel>
{
public TestModelValidator()
{
RuleFor(o => o.ParentVal).GreaterThan(0);
RuleFor(o => o.Sub.SubDataVal).GreaterThan(0);
}
}
And when I write the following unit test
[Test]
public void Should_have_error_when_val_is_zero()
{
validator = new TestModelValidator();
validator.ShouldHaveValidationErrorFor(model => model.ParentVal, 0);
}
I get a "System.NullReferenceException : Object reference not set to an instance of an object." exception from
FluentValidation.TestHelper.ValidatorTester`2.ValidateError(T instanceToValidate)
(if I remove the RuleFor(o => o.Sub.SubDataVal).GreaterThan(0); line, then it works!)
Similarly if I try and unit test the actual child class with:
[Test]
public void Should_have_error_when_sub_dataVal_is_zero()
{
validator = new TestModelValidator();
validator.ShouldHaveValidationErrorFor(model => model.Sub.SubDataVal, 0);
}
I get a "System.Reflection.TargetException : Object does not match target type." from FluentValidation.TestHelper.ValidatorTester`2.ValidateError(T instanceToValidate)

You can unit test models and child models but you will need to change your validation class to use a separate validator class which just validates the child model:
public class TestModelValidator : AbstractValidator<TestModel>
{
public TestModelValidator()
{
RuleFor(o => o.ParentVal).GreaterThan(0);
RuleFor(o => o.Sub).SetValidator(new SubDataValidator());
}
}
public class SubDataValidator : AbstractValidator<SubData>
{
public SubDataValidator()
{
RuleFor(o => o.SubDataVal).GreaterThan(0);
}
}
You can then write your unit tests to test each validator or both together.

I have come to the conclusion that for this ShouldHaveValidationErrorFor is just not capabable of dealing with subclasses, so have resorted to doing it manually. i.e.
[Test]
public void Should_have_error_when_val_is_zero()
{
validator = new TestModelValidator();
TestModel testRequest = new TestModel();
//populate with dummy data
var result = validator.Validate(testRequest);
Assert.That(result.Errors.Any(o => o.PropertyName== "ParentVal"));
}

With MSTest and FluentAssertions you can write
[TestMethod]
public void Should_have_error_when_val_is_zero()
{
// Given
var validator = new TestModelValidator();
var testModel = TestModel
{
ParentVal = 0
}; // You should create a invalid TestModel object here
// When
validator.Validate(testModel).IsValid.Should().BeFalse();
}

For anyone getting here as I did.
As all rules are executed during the Validation you need to set the whole model to reasonable values.
With current version you can do following:
//using FluentValidation;
//using FluentValidation.TestHelper;
[Fact]
public void Should_have_error_when_val_is_zero()
{
var validator = new TestModelValidator();
var model = new TestModel()
{
ParentVal = 0,
Sub = new TestModel.SubData()
};
var result = validator.TestValidate(model);
result.ShouldHaveValidationErrorFor(model => model.ParentVal);
//result.ShouldHaveValidationErrorFor(nameof(TestModel.ParentVal));
}

Related

Rhino Mocks exception "Expected #1, Actual #0" in apparently working code

I have a piece of code from an old book on MVVM which works, but a test using Rhino Mocks fails with this message:
Test method TestProject.UnitTest1.UpdateCustomer_Always_CallsUpdateWithCustomer threw exception:
Rhino.Mocks.Exceptions.ExpectationViolationException: DataProvider.DoSomething(ConsoleApp.Customer); Expected #1, Actual #0
I'm providing an example which I think is equivalent:
namespace ConsoleApp {
class Program { static void Main () { } }
public class Customer { public string ID { get; set; } }
public class DataProvider {
public virtual Customer GetCustomer (string id) => new Customer ();
public virtual void DoSomething (Customer customer) { }
}
public class ViewModel {
DataProvider _dataProvider;
Customer _customer;
public ViewModel (DataProvider dataProvider, string id) {
_dataProvider = dataProvider;
_customer = new Customer { ID = id };
}
public void DoSomething () => _dataProvider.DoSomething (_customer);
}
}
and the test that fails
namespace TestProject {
[TestClass]
public class UnitTest1 {
[TestMethod]
public void UpdateCustomer_Always_CallsUpdateWithCustomer () {
DataProvider dataProviderMock = MockRepository.GenerateMock<DataProvider> ();
Customer expectedCustomer = new Customer ();
dataProviderMock.Stub (u => u.GetCustomer (Arg<string>.Is.Anything)).Return (expectedCustomer);
ViewModel target = new ViewModel (dataProviderMock, string.Empty);
target.DoSomething ();
dataProviderMock.AssertWasCalled (d => d.DoSomething (expectedCustomer));
}
}
}
I read several posts on this result, e.g. 1 and 2, but this doesn't help me. I read this answer which seems interesting:
I usually get this error when a stubbed method is called with an object argument
that I build in the test and in the tested code the object is built before calling that method.
While this could be a reason for the Rhino Mocks to fail, it seems to be a bug.
My question is: Is there something wrong in my test and there is a bug in Rhino Mocks, or is there a problem with my code?
The test stubs DataProvider.GetCustomer to return an expected customer instance to be used in the assertion, but the example view model does not invoke DataProvider.GetCustomer.
It is using the one initialized in the constructor.
//...
public ViewModel (DataProvider dataProvider, string id) {
_dataProvider = dataProvider;
_customer = new Customer { ID = id };
}
//...
Thus the exception thrown by the test is accurate given the shown example.
That is because the actual instance used by the view model will not be the one used in the assertion when the test is exercised.
//...
dataProviderMock.AssertWasCalled (d => d.DoSomething (expectedCustomer));
In order for the test to behave as expected based on its arrangement the view model would actually have be refactored to decouple from initializing the Customer
For example
public class ViewModel {
DataProvider _dataProvider;
string id;
public ViewModel (DataProvider dataProvider, string id) {
_dataProvider = dataProvider;
this.id = id;
}
public void DoSomething () {
Customer customer = _dataProvider.GetCustomer(id);
_dataProvider.DoSomething (_customer);
}
}
The test should also be more explicit about what it is trying to test
[TestClass]
public class UnitTest1 {
[TestMethod]
public void UpdateCustomer_Always_CallsUpdateWithCustomer () {
//Arrange
DataProvider dataProviderMock = MockRepository.GenerateMock<DataProvider> ();
string id = "FakeId";
Customer expectedCustomer = new Customer { ID = id };
dataProviderMock.Stub (u => u.GetCustomer (id))
.Return (expectedCustomer);
ViewModel target = new ViewModel (dataProviderMock, id);
//Act
target.DoSomething ();
//Assert
dataProviderMock.AssertWasCalled (d => d.DoSomething (expectedCustomer));
}
}
Alternatively, if the view model is as intended then the test needs to assert its expectations differently
[TestClass]
public class UnitTest1 {
[TestMethod]
public void UpdateCustomer_Always_CallsUpdateWithCustomer () {
//Arrange
DataProvider dataProviderMock = MockRepository.GenerateMock<DataProvider> ();
string id = "FakeId";
ViewModel target = new ViewModel (dataProviderMock, id);
//Act
target.DoSomething ();
//Assert
dataProviderMock
.AssertWasCalled (d => d.DoSomething (Arg<Customer>.Matches(c => c.ID == id));
}
}
Note the delegate used in the assertion to verify the characteristics of the expected argument instead of the specific instance passed when it was invoked.

How to use mock which is not passed to real object

I have service CarTankService as shown below. It has Add method which i want to test. To be more detailed i would like to check whether AddTank (inside Add) will be reached.
public class CarTankService : ICarTankService
{
private readonly ITankQuery _tankQuery;
private readonly CarClient _carClient;
public CarTankService(ITankQuery tankQuery)
{
_tankQuery = tankQuery;
_carClient = new CarClient();
}
public ObservableCollection<CarTank> GetTanks() => _carClient.Tanks;
public void GenerateNewList() => _carClient.GenerateNewTanksList();
public virtual void Add(CarTank tank)
{
if (_tankQuery.isExist(tank.Number)) throw new OwnException()
_carClient.AddTank(tank);
}
public virtual void Remove(CarTank tank) => _carClient.RemoveCarTank(tank);
}
This is my test method class:
[TestFixture]
class CarTankServiceTests
{
private Mock<ITankQuery> TankQuery { get; set; }
private ICarTankService CarTankService { get; set; }
private Mock<CarClient> CarClient { get; set; }
[SetUp]
public void SetUp()
{
TankQuery = new Mock<ITankQuery>();
CarClient = new Mock<CarClient>();
CarTankService = new CarTankService(TankQuery.Object);
}
[Test]
public void Add_NotExistReferenceNumber_AddTankReached()
{
TankQuery.Setup(uow => uow.isExist(It.IsAny<int>())).Returns(false);
CarTankService.Add(new CarTank());
CarClient.Verify(uow => uow.AddTank(It.IsAny<ClientTank>()),Times.Once);
}
}
CarClient.Verify for AddTank always show it was 0 occurence in test, which in this case is not true. I am not sure but I think it's because CarClient model class because it's not injected directly insdie my service it always shows 0. AM i right? Is there any option to test it?
If you mock your CarClient you have to setup all methods you want to use in your test (here AddTank). In you code we have two CarClient instances, one is mocked in your test and another is initialized in your constructor of CarTankService. So, you are calling the latter case while verifying the mocked one.
If you convert the CarClient to an interface and inject it, The solution is something like this:
[TestFixture]
class CarTankServiceTests
{
private Mock<ITankQuery> TankQuery { get; set; }
private ICarTankService CarTankService { get; set; }
private Mock<CarClient> CarClient { get; set; }
[SetUp]
public void SetUp()
{
TankQuery = new Mock<ITankQuery>();
CarClient = new Mock<CarClient>();
CarTankService = new CarTankService(TankQuery.Object);
}
[Test]
public void Add_NotExistReferenceNumber_AddTankReached()
{
TankQuery.Setup(uow => uow.isExist(It.IsAny<int>())).Returns(false);
CarTankService.Add(new CarTank());
CarClient.Setup(a=>a.AddTank(/*write you loginc*/));
CarClient.Verify(uow => uow.AddTank(It.IsAny<ClientTank>()),Times.Once);
}
}
Here is more explanation:
When you write CarTankService = new CarTankService(TankQuery.Object); in your test, it creates a new instance on your class (_carClient = new CarClient();), so the class has it's own instance, while the test class has it own too (CarClient = new Mock<CarClient>();) which is mocked. This line of code CarTankService.Add(new CarTank()); adds the tank to the instance of class, while in your test, you are verifying the instance of test class which has no tank (CarClient.Verify(uow => uow.AddTank(It.IsAny<ClientTank>()),Times.Once);).

FluentValidation - pre-validation / conditional validation with no code duplication

I'm trying to create Validation which is able to have two groups and block second validation if first fail (it contains many rules).
For now I did create a private 'BasicValidation' class inside and in 'main validator' do sth like this:
RuleFor(m => m).SetValidator(new BasicValidation()).DependentRules(() => {
//Complex validation
RuleFor(m => m.IdOfSthInDb)
.MustAsync(ItemMustExists)
.WithMessage("Item does not exist.");
});
It does the trick but I would like to avoid creating that 'BasicValidation' for each model.
In my previous answer I misunderstood the question. The main goal is to avoid code duplication in different validators. After some investigation I found solution that matches your requirements. Suppose you have models:
public abstract class BaseModel
{
public string BaseProperty1 { get; set; }
public string BaseProperty2 { get; set; }
}
public class ChildModel : BaseModel
{
public int IdOfSthInDb { get; set; }
}
You have to create validator for base model (it would be used further):
class InternalBaseModelValidator : AbstractValidator<BaseModel>
{
public InternalBaseModelValidator()
{
RuleFor(x => x.BaseProperty1).NotEmpty().WithMessage("Property 1 is empty");
RuleFor(x => x.BaseProperty2).NotEmpty().WithMessage("Property 2 is empty");
}
}
Then you can use new feature of FluentValidation, called PreValidate:
public class BaseModelValidator<T>: AbstractValidator<T> where T : BaseModel
{
// necessary for reusing base rules
private readonly InternalBaseModelValidator preValidator;
protected BaseModelValidator()
{
preValidator = new InternalBaseModelValidator();
}
protected override bool PreValidate(ValidationContext<T> context, ValidationResult result)
{
var preValidationResult = preValidator.Validate(context.InstanceToValidate);
if (preValidationResult.IsValid)
{
return true;
}
foreach(var error in preValidationResult.Errors)
{
result.Errors.Add(new ValidationFailure(error.PropertyName, error.ErrorMessage, error.AttemptedValue));
}
return false;
}
}
After creating validator for all base models you can inherit from it for ChildModel validation:
public class ChildModelValidator : BaseModelValidator<ChildModel>
{
public ChildModelValidator()
: base()
{
RuleFor(x => x.IdOfSthInDb)
.MustAsync(ItemMustExists)
.WithMessage("Item does not exist.");
}
private Task<bool> ItemMustExists(int arg1, CancellationToken arg2)
{
return Task.FromResult(false); // some logic here
}
}
That's it!
I think hext code would solve your problem:
var basicValidator = new BasicValidation();
RuleFor(m => m).SetValidator(basicValidator));
When(m => basicValidator.Validate(m).IsValid, () =>
{
RuleFor(m => m.IdOfSthInDb)
.MustAsync(ItemMustExists)
.WithMessage("Item does not exist.");
});

Override Autofixture customization setup

I've a class with several services injected in its constructor. I'm using Autofixture with xUnit.net and NSubstitute, and created an attribute to setup the global customization.
public class AutoDbDataAttribute : AutoDataAttribute
{
public AutoDbDataAttribute() : base(() => new Fixture().Customize(new AutoNSubstituteCustomization()))
{
}
public AutoDbDataAttribute(Type customizationType) : base(() =>
{
var customization = Activator.CreateInstance(customizationType) as ICustomization;
var fixture = new Fixture();
fixture.Customize(new AutoNSubstituteCustomization());
fixture.Customize(customization);
return fixture;
})
{
}
}
I also have a custom customization class that setups the common customization for the test methods in the same class.
public class RevenueProviderCustomization : ICustomization
{
public void Customize(IFixture fixture)
{
fixture.Register<IRevenueContextService>(() =>
{
var contextService = Substitute.For<IRevenueContextService>();
contextService.GetContext().Returns(fixture.Create<RevenueContext>());
return contextService;
});
fixture.Register<ICompanyService>(() =>
{
var companyService = Substitute.For<ICompanyService>();
companyService.Get(Arg.Any<Guid>()).Returns(fixture.Create<Company>());
return companyService;
});
}
}
Now, some of my tests depend on modifying specific properties in the objects returned by the services. So in some cases, I want to modify the RevenueContext and in some cases, I want to modify the Company data.
What I did was creating another object inside the test itself and modify the Returns of the service with the new object, like this:
[Theory]
[AutoDbData(typeof(RevenueProviderCustomization))]
public void ShouldReturnCompanyRevenue(RevenueProvider sut, Company company, [Frozen]IRevenueContextService contextService)
{
var fixture = new Fixture();
RevenueContext context = fixture.Build<RevenueContext>().With(c => c.DepartmentId, null).Create();
contextService.GetContext().Returns(context);
sut.GetRevenue().Should().Be(company.Revenue);
}
But this doesn't work. The RevenueContext from the RevenueProviderCustomization is still used.
Does anyone know how I can override the return from the service? I don't want to setup the fixture one by one in my test, so I was hoping to be able to create a 'general setup' and modify as needed according to the test case.
UPDATE 1
Trying the answer from Mark, I changed the test to
[Theory]
[AutoDbData(typeof(RevenueProviderCustomization))]
public void ShouldReturnCompanyRevenue([Frozen]IRevenueContextService contextService, [Frozen]Company company, RevenueProvider sut, RevenueContext context)
{
context.DepartmentId = null;
contextService.GetContext().Returns(context);
sut.GetRevenue().Should().Be(company.Revenue);
}
The problem is because the RevenueContext is called in the RevenueProvider constructor. So my modification to the DepartmentId happens after the call was made.
public RevenueProvider(IRevenueContextService contextService, ICompanyService companyService)
{
_contextService = contextService;
_companyService = companyService;
_company = GetCompany();
}
public double GetRevenue()
{
if (_hasDepartmentContext)
return _company.Departments.Single(d => d.Id == _departmentId).Revenue;
else
return _company.Revenue;
}
private Company GetCompany()
{
RevenueContext context = _contextService.GetContext();
if (context.DepartmentId.HasValue)
{
_hasDepartmentContext = true;
_departmentId = context.DepartmentId.Value;
}
return _companyService.Get(context.CompanyId);
}
Assuming that RevenueProvider essentially looks like this:
public class RevenueProvider
{
private readonly ICompanyService companySvc;
public RevenueProvider(ICompanyService companySvc)
{
this.companySvc = companySvc;
}
public object GetRevenue()
{
var company = this.companySvc.Get(Guid.Empty);
return company.Revenue;
}
}
Then the following test passes:
[Theory]
[AutoDbData(typeof(RevenueProviderCustomization))]
public void ShouldReturnCompanyRevenue(
[Frozen]ICompanyService companySvc,
RevenueProvider sut,
Company company)
{
companySvc.Get(Arg.Any<Guid>()).Returns(company);
var actual = sut.GetRevenue();
Assert.Equal(company.Revenue, actual);
}
This scenario is exactly what the [Frozen] attribute is designed to handle. The various attributes that AutoFixture defines are applied in the order of the arguments. This is by design, because it enables you to pull out a few values from the argument list before you freeze a type.
In the OP, [Frozen] is only applied after sut, which is the reason the configuration of the mock doesn't apply within the SUT.

Can I customise a Fixture in an XUnit constructor for use with Theory and AutoData?

Here is what I am trying to do:
public class MyTests
{
private IFixture _fixture;
public MyTests()
{
_fixture = new Fixture();
_fixture.Customize<Thing>(x => x.With(y => y.UserId, 1));
}
[Theory, AutoData]
public void GetThingsByUserId_ShouldReturnThings(IEnumerable<Thing> things)
{
things.First().UserId.Should().Be(1);
}
}
I would expect the IEnumerable<Thing> things parameter passed into the test to each have a UserId of 1 but this is not what happens.
How can I make this so?
You can do that by creating a custom AutoData attribute derived-type:
internal class MyAutoDataAttribute : AutoDataAttribute
{
internal MyAutoDataAttribute()
: base(
new Fixture().Customize(
new CompositeCustomization(
new MyCustomization())))
{
}
private class MyCustomization : ICustomization
{
public void Customize(IFixture fixture)
{
fixture.Customize<Thing>(x => x.With(y => y.UserId, 1));
}
}
}
You may also add other Customizations. Just keep in mind that the order matters.
Then, change the test method to use MyAutoData attribute instead, as shown below:
public class MyTests
{
[Theory, MyAutoData]
public void GetThingsByUserId_ShouldReturnThings(IEnumerable<Thing> things)
{
things.First().UserId.Should().Be(1);
}
}

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