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Can Access database applications be shared across desktops?

I have created two applications using Visual Studio and C#.
The premise of the applications is for data entry and browsing of the data. However, I have come to the realization that these applications won't work on other devices as the data source is a local Access database. Am i able to somehow share these apps with others without giving them the Access database too? This is a major problem as my boss only wants these apps and not the database to be sent with them too. Or would I have to migrate the database to an SQL server and try to migrate the application as well?
Thank you

TLDR:
Can Access database applications be shared across desktops?
Yes
Am i able to somehow share these apps with others without giving them the Access database too?
Yes
Or would I have to migrate the database to an SQL server and try to migrate the application as well?
Not necessarily
It's a difficult question to answer because the question seems slightly confused
You've created an app or two that enters and shows data in an access database, and now you're asking if the app can be distributed without the Access database
Sure it can; but what then will be the purpose of the the app?
You ask if it could be switched to using sql server instead.
Sure it can, but I'm not really clear on how you think it will help because you then have to install sql server in the customer premises and give them the database. I suppose you could keep the sql server on your premises and they could connect to it, but then you could just as easily create a web service or API that sits in front of your access db and have your programs interact with the API, as a way of keeping databases off the customer premises and then stick with Access (or change it later and not affect the customers because you're providing the same api which a new db).
It's most typical, when having software that customers use and a database that you keep ownership of, to separate them with an api
As an aside, Access is terrible in a multi user configuration where two different apps are trying to use the same db file I've a file share; take any steps you can to avoid using this scenario
Stackoverflow is designed to answer particular kinds of questions and there's a real risk that this question will stray into opinion based territory and become off topic. We can't design your app for you, we can only help with implementation problems but it sounds like you need to sit back and think some more about what you're trying to solve for the problems your customers face, and see if you can get some help regarding the tech stack you should look to implement. If you desire SO to deliver these answers you'll need to ask them in a particular way, essentially having made a set of decisions yourself and be missing some facts that will drive the implementation choices - ask us for the missing facts rather than to make the implementation choices

If all the clients apps are on the same network and can see a central server, then there's no reason you can't use the Access database in the same way you would a SQL Server database, i.e. by placing it somewhere where it can be accessed by all copies of your application. Access isn't the last word in database features or security, but it's perfectly workable.
We normally create a mapped drive on the client PCs to a location on the server, so that everyone can use the same connection string for the database, e.g. T:\yourdatabase.mdb.
If the clients aren't on the same network and you can't use a VPN to connect them then to single network then things will become a lot more difficult, and moving to SQL Server will probably be a lot simpler.
Essentially, if this is an in-house system where the data isn't too sensitive and all the users are members of staff say, then a central Access database can work fine. If this is an app that's being used by people outside your organisation then SQL is a better choice if you want your app to talk directly to the database.
Alternatively you could write an API that you host on a web server, then your client apps can talk to the API and your API can talk to the Access database.

Solution for a no-server multi-user application/database?

I am at a dead end an I could really use some help.
I intern for a huge company. My projects involves creating an application to automate/simplify the work of a retiring employee.
The problem here lies in the strict company policies. I am a developer stuck at business end of the company. Therefor IT gives me nothing:
I don't have a server (nor web nor database)
I can't create a server, because no pc will be running and we can't keep them logged in due to single sign on with company cards.
I can't install anything on the pc's in the network.
I can access a share file server, that is backed up every day.
The libraries involved have to be free
A central database has to be accessed by a dozen of users (at once)
The database will recieve new data every day and will grow accordingly
The users will both read and write from/to the database
Preferably C#.NET or WPF solution
Application needs to open files stored on the shared drive. ( Only once, the important information will be extracted and stored in the database.. the file will then be removed)
My initial idea was to use silverlight (which runs standalone) in combination with SQLite. I ran a test and Silverlight files stored on the shared drive work. (Silverlight is installed on every pc on the network) This is my preferred front end. However (correct me if i'm wrong) I tried SQLite-net and I needed to add the sqlite3.dll to my windows/system32 folder, but on the network PC's I don't have access to the Windows folder, so this can not be done.
Also I read that SQLite or files in general can become corrupt when accessed by multiple users as one, so maybe I thought locking was an idea.
Which solutions are there to my problem?

I worked for a company for several years writing software for police departments to manage traffic collision reports. Police stations usually have little-to-no IT support, so we faced many similar limitations. The company actually did pretty well using Microsoft Access databases, with the setup looking something like this:
The shared drive had an Access database file (.mdb or .accdb) which was the actual "database".
Client computers (at the officers' desks) had Access applications with local "utility" tables for temporary storage, UI defined in Forms, and logic defined in Modules. Each of the client machines were connected to the repository on the shared drive by using linked tables. Local client configuration was stored either in the Access application in a config table, or in a text file on the machine.
It's not the cleanest solution, but it would allow you to create and maintain a unified solution using files that don't need to be installed and don't require any funny permissions, as long as everyone has read/write access to the shared drive.

Create a website. Today you can host ASP web apps in a stand alone .exe. By doing so you can make sure that the shared files are only accessed by one process. You can also limit the access to sqlite.
It also means that you do not have to distribute anything. Simply start your application and tell your users which url and port they have to browse too.
As for permissions, only the account running your webhost requires access to shared files etc.

You should take a look at ScimoreDB. It's an embedded database that supports multi-process read/write access. If needed it can also act as a client/server database; even as a distributed database with multiple nodes.
It's free to use and deploy. It has support for C++ and .NET. Only disadvantage is that it only works on Windows.

Create users accounts on SFTP server by code

I have the following requirement: in an existing webapplication we have a user management. In this you should be able to say for user xyz he should have access to an SFTP-Server lets say with a checkbox option: Allow access to SFTP.
If the option gets selected it should do the following thing:
-> Create a login on the SFTP-Server User: xyz Passwort xzy
-> Create a folder for user /root/xyz with read and write permission (isolated from others)
Anyone has done something similar or an idea how to archive this? What I found so far is .NET FTP authentication which works with IIS (but seems IIS supports only FTP/S not SFTP).
The SFTP is not set up by now, so could be any (prefered on another server)
Would appreciate any help :)

Seems like what you need is an SFTP (thus SSH) server that allows you to create users via some sort of command-line or - better - via remote calls. Depending on the server there may be several ways to do that.
if the server allows you to have SSH shell access (which I would strongly discourage!!) then you could open a shell and on it and use your OS/server command line tools to create/manage user profiles there
if the server has its own CLI (command-line interface) and such CLI allows for remote configuration, then you could invoke it from your web application (make sure permissions allow you to do so) and do it that way
the best way to do it, though, would be to have a server that can be configured via REST API, so you could simply call such REST API from within the context of your web application, and manage your SFTP server's users that way
Since you have not deployed your SFTP server yet, and if you have the liberty to pick any SFTP server you see fit, then you may want to try Syncplify.me Server!, which gives you all 3 options listed above.
(disclaimer: I work at Syncplify)

Reaching a file in a server through C# application

I wrote an application in c# & SQLite for storing data of all employees in a company which has around 500 employees. I want to put the database & the application in a file server/shared folder (MS server). Then all employees will have a shortcut of the application in their desktops. I want to make some input fields (text box) enabled/disabled based on the permission of the user runs the application. Whats the best practice for doing that?
I want the user can read/write in the database through my application only (the application is located in the same database folder). I don't want the user to reach the database without my application. How to do that?

I don't want the user to reach the database without my application
If your application will directly access the SQLite database via a Windows file share, this is impossible. Sure, you can make it inconvenient, but it's not really possible.
The only way to achieve this really is by introducing some middleware.
This would typically be a service (WCF perhaps) that listens for connections from your client application, authenticates them, and manages all access to the underlying database. The database would be stored in a location that is visible to the server only, and not visible through a Windows share to your users.
Also, SQLite isn't exactly a great choice for a multi-user system. You can kill two birds with one stone here - switch to a DBMS (MS SQL Server Express is free, also MySQL, PostgreSQL are common free choices) that accepts client connections over a network, and build your application to connect directly to the database server (using integrated Windows authentication may also be possible like this, so you can avoid an explicit logon). In a simple scenario this may be adequate and avoid you needing to build an explicit service layer.
In a more complex scenario, it can still make sense to have a middleware layer between the application and the database - this way, you can change the database design without changing the application design and deploying to all of your client machines - instead, just change the middleware layer in one place and your application won't know the difference.

If you don't want the users to reach your database you should create a client server architecture.
You can run your service on the same machine as the file server (running as a Windows Service) and use WCF for communication between your server and your client. You access your database from your server and let your server authenticate your users and validate that they have access to the application.
You can cheat and try to "hide" database credentials inside your client application, but that is security by obscurity and any one with some programming skills or similar can find out the credentials to the database and connect directly to the database.

Accessing Domino mails in asp.net/C3 without installing Lotus Notes Client

I have a windows service written in .NET/C# which reads emails from a Domino mailbox. Currently I am using the Lotus Notes .NET Interop to achieve this. However for this the Lotus Notes Client needs to be installed on the server. I am trying to find a way in which I can achieve this without having to install the Lotus Client on the server. From whatever I have read, I did not find anything.
Proposion N2N is an ADO.NET provider for Domino, but even that needs the client to be installed on the server.
Is there a solution available for this?

In a word, no.
You don't need all of the Notes client (or Domino server) install to get to the data, but you do need a significant part of it (and an ID that has access). Even if you take nothing else into account at all, you'd need a "driver" that recognises and can read all of the various ODS (on-disk structure) versions your database might be in, and it has to be able to handle both stored MIME and Notes Rich Text composite data structures with LMBCS (Lotus Multibyte Character Strings). Neither of those tasks is trivial. Then there's the security to get around: most document data are not stored in the clear even if the database is not locally encrypted (which only prevents unauthorized access from within a Notes/Domino environment if the ID for which it has been encrypted has not been compromised) and the storage method is not published.
In other words, you'd need something that is most of Notes in order to read and/or write, and the easiest way to get most of Notes is to install Notes.