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Create Microsoft Graph GraphServiceClient with user/password unattended

I am creating a console application that connects to Microsoft Graph using the Microsoft Graph API (as shown in https://github.com/microsoftgraph/console-csharp-connect-sample).
Everything is working fine, but I wonder if there is a way where I can authenticate a user (when I already know their user/password) without them needing to manually enter their credentials on the "Sing in to your account" window rendered on the desktop.
The idea is basically to run the application unattended, so there is no need for the user to be entering their credentials when the application starts. I can´t find any relevant information on the subject.
Is that even possible?
EDIT
After following the link #DanSilver posted about geting access without a user, I tried the sample suggested in that link (https://github.com/Azure-Samples/active-directory-dotnet-daemon-v2). Although that is an MVC application that forces users to authenticate (precisely what I wanted to avoid) I have managed to use part of the authentication code in that sample with my console application. After giving authorization to the application manually through a request to https://login.microsoftonline.com/myTenantId/adminconsent I can create a GraphServiceClient in my console app that connects to Graph without user interaction. So I mark the answer as valid.
Just in case someone is in the same situation, the GraphServiceclient is created as:
GraphServiceClient graphServiceClientApplication = new GraphServiceClient("https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0", new DelegateAuthenticationProvider(
async (requestMessage) =>
{
string clientId = "yourClientApplicationId";
string authorityFormat = "https://login.microsoftonline.com/{0}/v2.0";
string tenantId = "yourTenantId";
string msGraphScope = "https://graph.microsoft.com/.default";
string redirectUri = "msalXXXXXX://auth"; // Custom Redirect URI asigned in the Application Registration Portal in the native Application Platform
string clientSecret = "passwordGenerated";
ConfidentialClientApplication daemonClient = new ConfidentialClientApplication(clientId, String.Format(authorityFormat, tenantId), redirectUri, new ClientCredential(clientSecret), null, new TokenCache());
AuthenticationResult authResult = await daemonClient.AcquireTokenForClientAsync(new string[] { msGraphScope });
string token = authResult.AccessToken;
requestMessage.Headers.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("bearer", token);
}
));

One idea is using the "app only" authorization flow. The idea is that you can have long running apps access the Microsoft Graph without user authentication. The main difference is instead of the access token granting access to a particular user, it grants your app access to resources that you've consented to in advance. There will be no user login dialog and you can programmatically fetch access tokens to call the Graph API.
To reiterate that these tokens aren't for a particular user, consider making a GET request to 'https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me'. This will return an error since the access token isn't for a particular user and "me" doesn't mean anything. Requests should be sent with full user ids "like graph.microsoft.com/users/someuser#contosos.com".
More information on this can be found at the Get access without a user documentation page.
Another idea is to let the user authenticate the first time they use your app and then store a refresh token. These tokens live longer (a few months IIRC) and then you won't need to prompt for user consent each time the app runs. Refresh tokens can be exchanged for access tokens that live 60 minutes and those can be used to call Graph API on behalf of users.
More info on refresh tokens: https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/graph/docs/concepts/auth_v2_user#5-use-the-refresh-token-to-get-a-new-access-token

I did want to come back out here and share, since I ran into this problem yesterday, and the idea of granting read/write mailbox access for my application... to EVERYONE'S EMAIL BOX IN THE ENTIRE ORGANIZATION... was way over the top for my needs. (And that is exactly what happens when you start talking about granting Application level permissions instead of delegated permissions to your registered app).
It's a simple use case: I had a nightly process that needed to automate sending of emails from a shared mailbox using a traditional AD service account.
Thankfully... even though they are on the march to eliminate passwords (lol)... someone at Microsoft still recognizes my use case, and it's lack of apples-to-apples alternatives in Azure AD. There is still an extension method we can lean on to get the job done:
private AuthenticationContext authContext = null;
authContext = new AuthenticationContext("https://login.microsoftonline.com/ourmail.onmicrosoft.com",
new TokenCache());
result = authContext.AcquireTokenAsync("https://graph.microsoft.com/",
"12345678-1234-1234-1234-1234567890",
new UserPasswordCredential(
Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("UID", EnvironmentVariableTarget.User),
Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("UPD", EnvironmentVariableTarget.User)
)).Result;
You can replace those GetEnvironmentVariable calls with your Username (UID) and Password (UPD). I just stuff them in the environment variables of the service account so I didn't have to check anything into source control.
AcquireTokenAsync is an extension method made available from the Microsoft.IdentityModel.Clients.ActiveDirectory namespace. From there, it's a simple business to fire up a GraphClient.
string sToken = result.AccessToken;
Microsoft.Graph.GraphServiceClient oGraphClient = new GraphServiceClient(
new DelegateAuthenticationProvider((requestMessage) => {
requestMessage
.Headers
.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("bearer", sToken);
return Task.FromResult(0);
}));
The last bit of magic was to add these permissions to Application registration I created in Azure AD (where that GUID came from). The application has be defined as a Public client (there's a radio button for that towards the bottom of the authentication tab). I added the following 5 DELEGATED permissions (NOT application permissions):
Microsoft Graph
1. Mail.ReadWrite.Shared
2. Mail.Send.Shared
3. User.Read
4. email
5. openid
Since user consents are actually blocked in our organization, another permissions admin had to review my application definition and then do an admin level grant of those rights, but once he did, everything lit up and worked like I needed: limited access by a service account to a single shared mailbox, with the actual security of that access being managed in Office 365 and not Azure AD.

My AzureAD - registered application doesn't have the rights to do anything ...?

I'm writing a c# program right now that tries to authenticate with Azure to make a generic http request. I finally got the code working and I wanted to test the features but for every request I make I get the following error code in response:
{"error":{"code": "AuthorizationFailed", "message":"The client "(id of the app I registered in AzureAD)" with object id "(same value as before)" does not have authorization to perform action 'Microsoft.Authorization/roleAssignments/read' over scope '/subscriptions/(mysubscriptionid)'."}}.
The thing is ... The account I use to set everything up is a global admin. I checked every permission box in AzureAD I could find...
(that's 8 Application Permissions and 9 Delegated permissions in the Windows Azure Active Directory API and 1 delegated Permission in the Windows Azure Service Management API, though I don't know why there aren't more possible permissions for Azure Service Management)
the relevant code is rather basic but it works so I don't feel like I need post it, I'll just say that I obtain the Token using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Clients.ActiveDirectory.AcquireTokenAsync() with
authorityUri = "https://login.windows.net/(mytenantid)",
string resourceUri = "https://management.azure.com/";
AuthenticationContext authContext = new AuthenticationContext(authorityUri);
var res = authContext.AcquireTokenAsync(resourceUri, new
ClientCredential(clientId,clientSecret));
return res.Result;
and make the Request to
https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/providers/Microsoft.Authorization/roleAssignments?api-version=2016-03-01&$filter=atScope()
(as an example, this one is supposed to call the roles).
Tried several different types of GET Requests to different URIs, all give similar errors.
I'm thinking it might not be an issue with the code but a setting in the AzurePortal but everything I found there seems set up right (or rather "universal access").

According to your description, you forget to grant your service principal. You could add it on Azure Portal. You could grant Contributor or Owner role to it.
Please refer to this link:Assign application to role.

How to validate user credentials in Azure AD with Web application / WebAPI

I have a web application. In the home page, user will enter the credentials, and system should validate against Azure AD and proceed further.
When I use a native app, and use UserCredentials, it validates the user, but if I use same approach for WebAPI, it throw the exception
The request body must contain the following parameter: 'client_secret
or client_assertion'
When I use the WebAPI using clientCredentials, it generates the accessToken, which do not validate the user credentials. I also tried passing the credentials as part of httpclient headers in the consequent calls, it is working despite the wrong credentials.
string AzureADSTSURL = "https://login.windows.net/{0}/oauth2/token?api-version=1.0";
string GraphPrincipalId = "https://graph.windows.net";
string userid = "userid";
string password = "pass";
string tenantId = "axxx"; // webapi
string clientId = "bxxx";
string clientSecret = "cxxx";
string authString = String.Format(AzureADSTSURL, tenantId);
var context = new AuthenticationContext(authString);
UserCredential userCredentials = new UserCredential(userid, password);
AuthenticationResult authenticationResult = context.AcquireToken(GraphPrincipalId.ToString(), clientId, userCredentials); // this works only if the clientId corresponds to a native app
ClientCredential clientCredential = new ClientCredential(clientId, clientSecret);
AuthenticationResult result = context.AcquireToken(GraphPrincipalId, clientCredential);
HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue(result.AccessToken, Convert.ToBase64String(UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(userid + ':' + password)));
httpClient.GetAsync("http://localhost:11455/Login.aspx");
Is there a way to validate the credentials without using native app? Graph API is not a right choice for this I believe.

I was trying to do the same thing, and ran into the same error:
The request body must contain the following parameter: 'client_secret or client_assertion'
I banged my head on it for a while, and then hit up AzureSupport on twitter.
Turns out this type of auth is only supported if you set up the Azure AD App as Native Client Application. If you set it up as a Web Application then you get that error because the only way to access a web application in Azure AD is via client ID + secret.
You can have multiple apps on top of a single AD, so you can just set up a second app as native client to authenticate the same users in that directory.

You can certainly use WebAPI. Here's how to set it up:
If you use Azure Web Apps, which supports ASP.NET MVC then you can use the Azure Active Directory authentication mechanism. Here is a blog post describing how to set it up: https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/documentation/articles/app-service-mobile-how-to-configure-active-directory-authentication/
Once you have that, auth will be enabled for your app and you can configure the AAD app in the portal. See this blog post for more details: http://blogs.technet.com/b/ad/archive/2014/12/18/azure-active-directory-now-with-group-claims-and-application-roles.aspx
Here is an example which shows how to read AAD group claims from a web app: https://github.com/Azure-Samples/active-directory-dotnet-webapp-groupclaims
Once you have the tokens, you can then call a Web API, which is shown by this example: https://github.com/Azure-Samples/active-directory-dotnet-webapp-webapi-openidconnect
There's a good list of AAD examples here: https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/documentation/articles/active-directory-authentication-scenarios/

Short answer: No
I would consider this article to be the authoritive answer as to why.
No web sites/confidential clients
This is not an ADAL limitation, but an AAD setting. You can only use those flows from a native client. A confidential client, such as a web site, cannot use direct user credentials.
Direct use of username an password is [...] a bit of a Faustian pact – the price you pay for its directness is in the many limitations it entails and the reduced flexibility that it imposes on any solution relying on it.

Azure Active Directory Authorization Code

I have a WCF service that needs to ultimately get a token to talk to a web api service hosted in azure. Our on premise active directory is synced with our azure account.
Initially I had a play in a win forms app and got a token successfully using the following:
AuthenticationResult authResult = authContext.AcquireToken(apiResourceId, clientId, redirectUri);
This though popped up a login dialog so not much use for a windows service. I then investigated the use of AcquireTokenSilent(). This however kept throwing an exception telling me to call AcquireToken so back to square 1.
My next port of call was to look at AcquireTokenByAuthorizationCode(). My problem with this though is how to acquire an authorisation code which is the first parameter.
I've tried:
var url = authContext.GetAuthorizationRequestURL(apiResourceId, clientId, redirectUri, UserIdentifier.AnyUser, string.Empty);
HttpClient hc = new HttpClient();
HttpResponseMessage hrm = hc.GetAsync(url).Result;
This though just returns an html page showing i think a microsoft login page. It certainly doesn't contain any code.
Any ideas on what I am doing wrong?

The AcquireTokenSilent works only if you already have tokens in the cache, which is not the case in your scenario. The AcquireTokenByAuthorizationCode is meant to be sued on the server side.
The main ways in which you can get a token without popping out a dialog on a client are shown in https://github.com/Azure-Samples/active-directory-dotnet-native-headless, but there are important limitations. If they work in your scenario fine, otherwise you might consider creating a persistent cache, priming it by doing one interactive authentication, and then keep using the same cache from your service via AcquireTokenSilent. The cached refresh token will last 90 days as long as you use it at least once every 14 days.

Google Calendar V3 2 Legged authentication fails

I'm trying to create web page that access the (business) private calendar of the company and insert events if the time slot is available. Still I'm facing an authentication problem.
The API manual states that I should use an API key and Oauth2LeggedAuthenticator, so I did all this and the request that is fired is quite okey (it has a oauth token and such) But still the response is an exception with Invalid Credentials; Easy to say is that my credentials are wrong, still clientID, clientSecret and API Key are valid; I doubt the 2 last params of the 2legged authenticater, is this correct?
var provider = new NativeApplicationClient(GoogleAuthenticationServer.Description);
provider.ClientIdentifier = ClientCredentials.ClientID;
provider.ClientSecret = ClientCredentials.ClientSecret;
var authenticator =
new OAuth2LeggedAuthenticator(ClientCredentials.ClientID, ClientCredentials.ClientSecret, "myworkusername", "workdomain.com");
Google.Apis.Calendar.v3.CalendarService service = new Google.Apis.Calendar.v3.CalendarService(authenticator);
service.Key = ClientCredentials.ApiKey;
var result = service.CalendarList.List().Fetch();
Assert.IsTrue(result.Items.Count > 0);

NB: At the time of writing you can only used 2-legged authentication with Google Apps for Business/Eduction, this won't work on personal accounts as there's no way to get an OAuth 1.0 key/secret pair, you will have to use online authentication at least once (but you can use the out-of-browser option so you don't have to create a dedicated page).
Your code is correct apart from you don't need the first three lines relating to the NativeApplicationClient. This is most likely failing because you haven't properly set the OAuth keys, this causes 401s.
The other thing that causes 401s is using "matt#example.com" instead of "matt" as the username, the username is without including your domain.
To setup OAuth follow the instructions in this article from Google.
The most important parts to note are "Allow access to all APIs" must be unchecked and you have to individually grant access to all the APIs. If this hasn't been done you will get a 401 Invalid Credentials error. You then also need to turn those services on in the api console. If the api console step hasn't been done you will get a different error of 403 Daily Limit Exceeded.
This will cause you problems if you were previously relying on the "Allow access to all APIs" to use various services, you will have to grant them all individually as far as I understand it to use the v3 APIs. This seems to have been confirmed by google (4th reply by Nicolas Garnier) and is supposedly a bug, but that is an old post so it looks as if it's here to stay.
For reference once this has been done, this code will work, which in essence is the same as yours:
var auth = new OAuth2LeggedAuthenticator(domainName, consumerSecret, usernameWithoutDomain, domainName); //domainName is presently used as the OAuth ConsumerKey for Google's 2legged OAuth
var service = new CalendarService(auth);
service.Key = serviceKey;
var results = service.CalendarList.List().Fetch();
Console.WriteLine(results.Items.Count);
So in summary:
In Google Apps "Manage this Domain" > "Advanced Tools"
Using "Manage OAuth domain key" enable key, generate secret, uncheck "Allow access to all APIs".
Using "Manage third party OAuth Client access" enable the APIs you want access to using your domain as "Client Name" and the APIs you want to access e.g. "http://www.google.com/calendar/feeds/" for the calendar.
Then finally create a project in the API console, use the APIKey as the serviceKey in the above example and turn on the APIs you need to access.
I am answering this as I kept hitting this question when I was trying to find out why my code was constantly returning 401s. Hope this helps someone as the Google instructions are awful and scattered all over the place at the moment.