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Unable to connect Unity to Visual Studio

I am trying out Unity for my Game Design course, but I can't seem to get the code to work. I suspect it is because Visual Studio (which I write my code on) is not connecting to Unity properly, and here's why I think this:
For one thing, whenever I try to put the code on an object, it prints out this error:
Can't add script behaviour CallbackExecutor. The script needs to derive from MonoBehaviour!
This is despite the fact that nowhere is the code called CallbackExecutor, and the script apparently does derive from MonoBehaviour.
Second, when I load up the code onto Visual Studio, I get this error message:
C:\Users\cemya\Documents\D&D Roguelight Project\Assembly-CSharp.csproj : error : The project file could not be loaded. Could not find file 'C:\Users\cemya\Documents\D&D Roguelight Project\Assembly-CSharp.csproj'. C:\Users\cemya\Documents\D&D Roguelight Project\Assembly-CSharp.csproj
The problem is I don't know why it's not connecting. There's no option to import the package (which implies it's already imported), and I do have a package for Unity.
I'm using Visual Studios 2017 (specifically, I'm using the 2d setup most of the time), Unity version 2018.2.4f1, and the package is called Visual Studio 2017 Tools for Unity [Experimental], which is what was automatically downloaded when I began to set up coding for Unity. Since I got this version automatically, I believe that this should be a common problem, but I can't seem to find real answers on it (I even asked on the Unity forms themselves!)
I can show you the code if you think that would help.
UPDATE: I have just updated Unity to 2018.2.5f1 and tested it with the code that has actual code. All that happened is that the name for the error message is different:
Can't add script behaviour TMP_CoroutineTween. The script needs to derive from MonoBehaviour!
Also, here is the code for the one I'm testing, if it helps:
public class RollScript : MonoBehaviour
{
Random rand = new Random();
int r = 20;
int m = 5;
// Use this for initialization
void Start ()
{
int rolling = DieRoll(r, m);
print(rolling);
}
// Update is called once per frame
void Update ()
{
}
int DieRoll (int roll, int mod)
{
int get = rand.next(1, roll);
int result = get + mod;
return result;
}
}
UPDATE 2: I have checked with visual studio, and the error message there isn't there anymore, so that's an improvement.
UPDATE 3: I have created a new project and I have not run into issues there. I guess the problem was the code's connection to older editions.

This Can't add script behaviour TMP_CoroutineTween. The script needs to derive from MonoBehaviour! error has been mentioned in a few places on the internet, but with no satisfactory answers. This seems to be the only StackOverflow question about it.
I suspect it happens when there are un-fixed compile-time errors while you're adding a script to a GameObject. I had this problem just now, and after I fixed the errors, I was able to add the script. However, I tried to confirm this by adding a syntax error and then adding a script, but I still didn't get the Can't add script behavior error. So that's odd, but if you're encountering that error, I suggest fixing any compile-time errors and see if that works. (Whether it works or not, please reply to this question with the result.)

C# Puma.Net The library dibapi.dll could not be found

I've got some issues running Puma.Net. I've got all the functions looking fine in the code but when it comes this point:
Value = pumaPage.RecognizeToString();
It then gives an error saying the library dibapi.dll can't be found. But I just can't even add it as a reference it says something like
Can't add reference Make sure the file is accessible and that it is a assembly or Com-Component.
So I gave it all the rights it needs to be read, write & executed. I even gave it full controll on all the users but it just won't work.
Maybe I made a mistake somewhere so here is the full code of the programm.
static void Main()
{
string Image = "V:/Test_images/value.PNG";
Console.WriteLine("Running the Program!");
var pumaPage = new PumaPage(Image);
string Value;
using (pumaPage)
{
pumaPage.FileFormat = PumaFileFormat.RtfAnsi;
pumaPage.EnableSpeller = false;
pumaPage.Language = PumaLanguage.Digits;
Value = pumaPage.RecognizeToString();
}
Console.WriteLine("The Value is" + Value);
Console.ReadLine();
}
I've added the Puma.Net dll and "using Puma.Net;" so it should work. Does someone got any idea what could be wrong?
Here is also the errormessage that appears all the time.
The Error Message which appears
If you need a translation just tell me.
Btw it is a Console Application and I would love to keep it that way. If it is not possible then I can also try to use turn it into a Form Application but that's a whole new part for me so it could take a while to get into it.

You need to copy dibapi.dll to the output folder as described in the documentation:
Steps to add Puma.NET to your project:
1. Add reference to Puma.Net.dll;
2. Make sure that after project building the output folder (i.e. bin\Debug or bin\Release)
contains files Puma.Net.dll and puma.interop.dll. If the last is not present (IDE didn’t
copy it) copy it to the folder manually;
3. Copy dibapi.dll to the output folder;

Method not found SetDataTypeProperties in custom SSIS component

I'm trying to build a simple custom SSIS component which looks at a single input column and validates it, creating an output column of type bool depending on the value of each row.
I've successfully built an even simpler component that takes a value and transforms it: that doesn't require fiddling with the output columns. In this instance I need to take in a string and output a boolean and the component needs to know that it outputs a boolean so I can feed the value into a conditional split.
I'm struggling to add the output columns. Based on code samples from Microsoft, I have done this:
public override DTSValidationStatus Validate()
{
IDTSOutput100 output = ComponentMetaData.OutputCollection[0];
IDTSOutputColumn100 outputcol = output.OutputColumnCollection.New();
outputcol.Name = "IsValid";
outputcol.SetDataTypeProperties(DataType.DT_BOOL, 0, 0, 0, 0);
return DTSValidationStatus.VS_ISVALID;
}
And then I attempt to populate it during the ProcessInput step:
public override void ProcessInput(int inputID, PipelineBuffer buffer)
{
while (buffer.NextRow())
{
string str = buffer.GetString(0);
buffer.SetBoolean(0, IsValid(str)); // validation code not relevant
}
}
When I try to use this component in the package, I get this error:
The component has detected potential metadata corruption during validation.
Error at Data Flow Task [Uppercase [24]]: System.MissingMethodException: Method not found: 'Void Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Pipeline.Wrapper.IDTSOutputColumn100.SetDataTypeProperties(Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Runtime.Wrapper.DataType, Int32, Int32, Int32, Int32)'.
at EmailValidation.Uppercase.Validate()
at Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Pipeline.ManagedComponentHost.HostValidate(IDTSManagedComponentWrapper100 wrapper)
Searching on this error message has yielded nothing of value.
In the original sample - and some other tutorials online - adding output columns is done by looping through the input column and adding an additional output for each. I have tried this and get the same error.
I have also tried moving the output column code from Validate to OnInputPathAttached which still yields the same error.
What am I doing wrong?

On investigation this appears to be a bug in SQL Server Data Tools for Visual Studio 2015. I have built, deployed and used a custom component with customised output columns in an Integration Services package in Visual Studio 2013. However, the same tool deployed in a package in 2015 causes the error described.

In case it's still relevant, I encountered a similar issue (With the ComponentMetaData property rather than SetDataTypeProperties), and the solution that worked for me was setting the Embed Interop Types property of the Microsoft.SqlServer.DTSPipelineWrap and Microsoft.SQLServer.DTSRuntimeWrap references to false.
I found this solution here. It's listed as a solution for getting an InvalidCastException, but it seems relevant for whenever you're referencing the DTSPipelineWrap or the DTSRuntimeWrap assemblies in custom components.

Unknown exception at declaration and initalisation of a Class

The main Problem is completely different, please skip to the Edit
I have an exception of an unknown type which doesn't even get thrown properly. Following Code provides the Context:
MMDataAccess.InitDemoDB();
MMDataAccess.InitInternalDB();
MMDataAccess.InitMaintDB();
try
{
SQLiteToDBLib sqltdbl = new SQLiteToDBLib();
sqltdbl.WriteToSQLite();
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
string message = ex.Message;
}
These are the very first lines of my first Activity in my app. The first 3 lines belong to my very own implementation of an in-memory database and are behaving nicely. The problem rises with the next two lines inside the try-block. The declaration and initalistation of the sqltdbl variable never happens. The constructor of SQLiteToDBLib looks like this:
public SQLiteToDBLib()
{
msc = new MSConnection();
}
The MSConnection class doesn't even have a constructor (except for the default one of course).
As you can see i've tried to catch any exceptions, but without success. everything i can figure out is, that a exception is thrown because of the debugger going into the catch section while ignoring everything that has to do with "ex". Without breakpoints everything seems fine. Just without the call to WriteToSQLite which should create a .sqlite file on the external Memory.
What can I do to resolve this error? Is there anything i can catch except the default Exception?
Edit:
After some testing with commented code something interresting happened. I could step into commented code. Well not exactly the commented code, but the code that was there before my changes. Visual Studio somehow shows me the things, that are changed in the file, but is compiling the old code. Up to now i tried to rebuild, clean and build the project in various combinations, unload and reload the project, Restart Visual Studio and restart Windows. Nothing has changed so far. I Will now proceed to create a new .cs File With the exact same Code. I'm working with VS 2013 Community

add static constructor to your SQLiteToDBLib class and perform all static objects initialization in it:
static SQLiteToDBLib()
{
// initialize static members here
}
If this doesn't give you a clue, try enabling CLRE exceptions-break in visual-studio:
DEBUG
Exceptions
Check the 'Common Language Runtime Exceptions' option (under the 'Thrown' column)
Press OK
Restart your app and try again

How to correctly save a WF4 ActivityBuilder

I am currently saving my .NET FX 4.0.1 StateMachine activity like this:
var sb = new StringBuilder();
var xamlWriter = ActivityXamlServices.CreateBuilderWriter(
new XamlXmlWriter(new StringWriter(sb),
new XamlSchemaContext()));
XamlServices.Save(xamlWriter, activityBuilder);
return sb.ToString();
This works fine and the generated XAML looks good. Unfortunately, it is invalid. I can read it back in using ActivityXamlServices.Load but when I execute it, it says that it doesn't know the properties defined in the workflow. Opening it in the Visual Studio designer yields the same errors:
Compiler error(s) encountered processing expression "ActiveCall". "ActiveCall" is not declared. It may be inaccessible due to its protection level.
Through comparing the original XAML with the XAML produced by my code, I found out how to fix this problem. I have to have this tag before the StateMachine tag:
<mva:VisualBasic.Settings>
Assembly references and imported namespaces for internal implementation
</mva:VisualBasic.Settings>
By the way:
The text inside the tag must be exactly like this, otherwise there will be an error when opening the WF in VS:
Failed to create a 'Settings' from the text 'FooBar'
Question:
What do I have to change in my code to have this tag in the generated XAML?

I think I found the answer.
I have to use the following code before calling Save:
VisualBasic.SetSettings(activityBuilder, new VisualBasicSettings());
If the activityBuilder has been created from a DynamicActivity it is even better to use the following code:
VisualBasic.SetSettings(activityBuilder,
VisualBasic.GetSettings(dynamicActivity));
If this is not used, namespaces that are only needed for extension methods are not written to the XAML and will lead to an error when loading and executing the XAML.
I summarized my findings on code project.