Unexpected results from Graphics.FillRectangle() - c#

I'm trying to make a little 15x15 playing grid, and drawing the solid outline rectangles side-by-side is working just fine, however when I try to call FillRectangle() to fill the aforementioned cells the results are .. Not quite what I expected.. I think it's easier if I just show you..
Here's the code
//Draw grid now since InitGrid() is done
using (Graphics formGraphics = this.CreateGraphics())
{
Pen pen = new Pen(Color.Black);
SolidBrush brush = new SolidBrush(Color.Beige);
int y = new int();
List<Rectangle> rect = new List<Rectangle>();
foreach (Cell cell in pGrid.cells)
{
rect.Add(new Rectangle(cell.Point.X, cell.Point.Y, 18, 18));
formGraphics.DrawRectangle(pen, rect[y]);
formGraphics.FillRectangle(brush, rect[y++]);
}
}
Also an extra question, since I am using a using code block do I still have to call Dispose() on the Pen and Graphics?

The differences in the "covered area" are caused by DrawRectangle using a Pen which has a thickness of 1px, and 0.5px of that is added to the outer edges of the rectangle, and then rounded "to the bottom-right". These bottom-right borders are then overwritten by the next cell's FillRectangle.
You could use a border thickness of 2, which would cause the border to be 2 pixels larger than the filled area, and thus appear 1px thick on each side.
Pen pen = new Pen(Color.Black, 2);
This only works if there is actual space between the cells to show the borders in. If there is no room for the borders you'll have to either shrink your cell size or grow the grid itself.
Another solution (since you mention the outlines are fine) is to first call FillRectangle and then DrawRectangle.
Also a using around the pen and brush won't hurt. Note that you can also use the static Pens.Black (unless you're going for the solution of a 2px thick border) and Brushes.Beige.

Related

How to draw a lot of clickable rectangles in WPF?

I'm working on a basic mindmap program but I don't have a lot of experience with drawing with WPF. I want to be able to draw rectangles with text on them and i would like to be able to click on the rectangles to change the text for example.
As of now I have:
private void DrawSubject(int curve, double X, double Y, Brush clr)
{
Rectangle rect = new Rectangle();
rect.Width = 62;
rect.Height = 38;
rect.Fill = clr;
rect.Stroke = line;
rect.RadiusX = rect.RadiusY = curve;
Canvas.SetLeft(rect, X);
Canvas.SetTop(rect, Y);
mindmap.Children.Add(rect);
}
SolidColorBrush line = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromArgb(255, 21, 26, 53));
minmap is the name of the canvas. I want to be able to draw a lot of these rectangles which present branches of the mindmap. However, when I drew 10,000 of these on random locations the process memory in the diagnostic tools went up by 100 MB, after it was done drawing all of them. I did this to sort of simulate a mindmap with 10,000 branches. So i was wondering if there might be a way to decrease the used memory for these rectangles?
Or is it better to use DrawingVisual and a grid.click event which checks if the clicked position matches the position of a rectangle by putting the coordinates of the rectangle in a List?
I would attempt the DrawingVisual method you described, if that proves costly in performance(I don't know how well DrawingVisual works) you could look into embedding OpenGL or DirectX into your application and rendering them via that.
But raytracing drawn visuals rather than making a Control for each is definitely the way to go for your scale.

Use picturebox as a canvas and draw text

I want to use a PictureBox as a canvas and draw some text on it and save.
I wrote this piece of code but I'm not sure if im doing this the correct way:
Bitmap b = new Bitmap(pictureBox1.Width, pictureBox1.Height);
Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(b);
g.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(Color.White), new Rectangle(0, 0, pictureBox1.Width, pictureBox1.Height)); // i used this code to make the background color white
g.DrawString("some text", new Font("Times New Roman", 20), new SolidBrush(Color.Red), new PointF(10, 10));
pictureBox1.Image = b;
This code works well but when I want to change the background color of the image I have to redraw the text.
Is there a way to change the background color without having to redraw the text?
Writing a Paint program is a lot of fun, but you need to plan ahead for all or most of the features you want.
So far you have these:
A background you can change
A way to modify an image by drawing text on it
The need to save it all to a file
Here are a few more things you will need:
Other tools than just text, like lines, rectangles etc..
A choice of colors and pens with widths
A way to undo one or more steps
Here are few thing that are nice to have:
A way to help with drawing and positioning with the mouse
Other type backgrounds like a canvas or pergament paper
The ability to draw with some level of tranparency
A redo feature (*)
Rotation and scaling (***)
Levels (*****)
Some things are harder (*) or a lot harder (***) than others, but all get hard when you decide to patch them on too late..
Do read this post (starting at 'actually') about PictureBoxes, which explain how it is the ideal choice for a Paint program.
Your original piece of code and your question have these problems:
You seem to think that repeating anything, like redrawing the text is wrong. It is not. Windows redraws huge numbers of things all the time..
You have mixed two of the tasks which really should be separate.
You have not parametrizied anything, most notably the drawing of the text should use several variables:
Font
Brush
Position
the text itself
The same will be true once you draw lines or rectangles..
So here are the hints how do get it right:
Use the BackgroundColor and/or the BackgroundImage of the Picturebox to dynamically change the background!
Collect all things to draw in a List<someDrawActionclass>
Combine all drawings by drawing it into he Picturebox's Image
Use the Paint event to draw supporting things like the temporary rectangle or line while moving the mouse. On MouseUp you add it to the list..
So, coming to the end, let's fix your code..:
You set the backgound with a function like this:
void setBackground(Color col, string paperFile)
{
if (paperFile == "") pictureBox1.BackColor = col;
else pictureBox1.BackgroundImage = Image.FromFile(paperFile);
}
you can call it like this: setBackground(Color.White, "");
To draw a piece of text into the Image of the PictureBox, first make sure you have one:
void newCanvas()
{
Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(pictureBox1.ClientSize.Width, pictureBox1.ClientSize.Height);
pictureBox1.Image = bmp;
}
Now you can write a function to write text. You really should not hard-code any of the settings, let alone the text! This is just a quick and very dirty example..:
void drawText()
{
using (Font font = new Font("Arial", 24f))
using (Graphics G = Graphics.FromImage(pictureBox1.Image))
{
// no anti-aliasing, please
G.TextRenderingHint = System.Drawing.Text.TextRenderingHint.SingleBitPerPixel;
G.DrawString("Hello World", font, Brushes.Orange, 123f, 234f);
}
pictureBox1.Invalidate();
}
See here and here for a few remarks on how to create a drawAction class to store all the things your drawing is made up from..!
The last point is how to save all layers of the PictureBox:
void saveImage(string filename)
{
using (Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(pictureBox1.ClientSize.Width,
pictureBox1.ClientSize.Height))
{
pictureBox1.DrawToBitmap(bmp, pictureBox1.ClientRectangle);
bmp.Save("yourFileName.png", ImageFormat.Png);
}
}

C# make line height adjust to ellipse

There is an ellipse drawn with the following code:
graphGraphics = e.Graphics;
graphGraphics.FillEllipse(new SolidBrush(Color.White), this.graphBoundries);
graphGraphics.DrawEllipse(graphPen, this.graphBoundries);
I have a line on this graph and it currently just passes right through it. I want to change the lines height to adjust to the ellipse's boundaries as follows so it wont pass through the ellipse:
http://i1379.photobucket.com/albums/ah134/fac7orx2/circlewithlinehelp_zps280d9e76.png
Does anyone know an algorithm to do this? Or maybe even how to just get the ellipse's boundaries and not just the rectangular boundaries?
To expand on my comment, try something like this (untested) code:
graphGraphics = e.Graphics;
graphGraphics.FillEllipse(new SolidBrush(Color.White), this.graphBoundries);
graphGraphics.DrawEllipse(graphPen, this.graphBoundries);
GraphicsPath clipPath = new GraphicsPath();
clipPath.AddEllipse(this.graphBoundaries);
graphGraphics.SetClip(clipPath, CombineMode.Replace);
// draw your line

how to draw fixed string on pictureBox using C#?

I have to draw some text on pictureBox image (Gray scale image). I got some codes. its working but its moving with the image while panning and zooming, and it disappear while changing the window level.
rect = pictureBox1.ClientRectangle;
Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bmp);
SolidBrush brush = new SolidBrush(Color.Green);
Font f = new Font("Arial", 15);
g.DrawString("Murugesan", f, brush, start);
I want the text in the permanent location and it never disappear while changing the window level. Anybody there to help me.
You should draw it on PictureBox OnPaint event and use e.Graphics.
Probably you wouldn't have artifacts you mentioned if you used:
Graphics g = pictureBox.CreateGraphics();
But paint on event is still better than that.

Highlight selected custom control with C# WinForms

I have created a custom control (the control is used for drag and drop) and I want to add focus and selected events to the control. Both need to be visually distinct. So I plan to implement a windows style for both of these events. For focus I have the control drawing a solid and a dotted line around the control using the following code in the Paint event.
if (Image != null)
{
if (ContainsFocus)
{
// Draw a dotted line inside the client rectangle
Rectangle insideRectangle = ClientRectangle;
insideRectangle.Inflate(-2, -2);
insideRectangle.Width--;
insideRectangle.Height--;
Pen p = new Pen(Color.Black, 1);
p.DashStyle = DashStyle.Dot;
g.DrawRectangle(p, insideRectangle);
// Draw a solid line on the edge of the client rectangle
Rectangle outsideRectangle = ClientRectangle;
outsideRectangle.Width--;
outsideRectangle.Height--;
p.DashStyle = DashStyle.Solid;
g.DrawRectangle(p, outsideRectangle);
Color transparentLightBlue = Color.FromArgb(100, Color.LightBlue);
Brush solidBrush = new SolidBrush(transparentLightBlue);
g.FillRectangle(solidBrush, ClientRectangle);
}
}
For the Focus event I want just the image to be highlighted (similar to windows explorer). My first attempt at this was to add the following code.
Color transparentLightBlue = Color.FromArgb(100, Color.LightBlue);
Brush solidBrush = new SolidBrush(transparentLightBlue);
g.FillRectangle(solidBrush, ClientRectangle);
This works filling in the rectangle however I would like to just highlight the image itself instead of the entire rectangle. I've had the idea of using two different images, however the image is supplied to me and I'm not storing them.
So my question: How is the best way to get just the image of the control that has focus to highlight?
Thank you in advance!
since your image is not transparent you could overlay it with a transparent highlight color. something similar to this.

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