Why am I getting unexpected output when spawning threads? - c#

I was trying to spawn certain number of threads. But when I pass arguments to the function the output is random. It chooses some values of variable 'i' for multiple times and ignores some. I am a newbie in C#. Please explain if I am doing anything wrong.
using System;
using System.Threading;
public class first
{
public static void tone(int i)
{
Console.WriteLine("Hi ! this is thread : {0} ",i);
Thread.Sleep(10);
}
public static void Main(String[] args)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
Thread th1 = new Thread(()=>tone(i) );
th1.Start();
// Console.WriteLine(i);
}
Console.WriteLine("hey there!");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}

Because of closure:
Change your code to:
int i;
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
int j = i;
Thread th1 = new Thread(()=>tone(j) );
th1.Start();
// Console.WriteLine(i);
}

Related

HelloWorld Multithreaded C# app with double input and output

Consider the following example taken from HelloWorld Multithreaded C# app
using System;
using System.Threading;
class ThreadTest
{
static void Main()
{
Thread t = new Thread (WriteY); // Kick off a new thread
t.Start(); // running WriteY()
// Simultaneously, do something on the main thread.
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) Console.Write ("x");
}
static void WriteY()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) Console.Write ("y");
}
}
is there a way to have a function like "static double WriteY (double a)" instead of "static void WriteY()" ?
I am not sure what you want to do with return value of Write method, but I think i get your intention and modified your code snippet to address what you looking for :
class ThreadTest
{
static void Main()
{
Task t = Task.Run(() => Write(5));
// Simultaneously, do something on the main thread.
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) Console.Write ("x");
t.wait();
}
static double Write(double a)
{
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) Console.Write("y");
return a;
}
}

Who is waiting for a ManualResetEvent?

Is there a simple way to check if any threads are waiting for a specific ManualResetEvent
object to be set? It seems to me that the computer must be somehow keeping a queue of the
paused threads to restore later, so I'm just hoping to do the obvious and access
this list (just to check whether or not it is empty)...but I couldn't find a
method from looking at Microsoft's related Threading/WaitHandle/Monitor help pages.
Test code is below. I'd simply like to replace the uglyWaiters counter.
using System;
using System.Threading;
namespace demo
{
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
var gate = new ManualResetEvent(false);
int uglyWaiters = 0; // I want to stop using this variable and instead use something built into ManualResetEvent
new Thread(() =>
{
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
Console.WriteLine("a" + i);
uglyWaiters++;
gate.WaitOne();
uglyWaiters--;
Thread.Sleep(400);
}
}).Start();
new Thread(() =>
{
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
Console.WriteLine("b" + i);
uglyWaiters++;
gate.WaitOne();
uglyWaiters--;
Thread.Sleep(500);
}
}).Start();
for (int count = 0; count < 15; count++)
{
Console.WriteLine(uglyWaiters + " threads waiting at t=" + count*230 + "ms");
gate.Set(); Thread.Sleep(30); gate.Reset();
Thread.Sleep(200);
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}

How to get and print how many times a loop spins in a thread before it gets switched to other threads?

Instead of printing o and -, I want to print the number of o and - on the console. However, I have no idea how to get how many times a loop spins in a thread before it gets switched to other threads.
If there are events something likes OnLeaving and OnEntering on a thread, I can get the number of spins in the given time slice. Unfortunately, I have no such events.
class Program
{
public const int N = 1000;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
ThreadStart ts = DoWork;
Thread t = new Thread(ts);
t.Start();
for (int x = 0; x < N; x++)
{
Console.Write('o');
}
t.Join();
}
private static void DoWork()
{
for (int x = 0; x < N; x++)
{
Console.Write('-');
}
}
}
Could you show me how to do this scenario?
To reiterate: AbhayDixit's comment gives you a cycle counter. You just need to add a locking mechanism and reset the counters after a context switch.
I have modified your code to include a cycle counter. Note that I have increased N significantly. Otherwise, one thread will just run through its 1000 iterations at once - because you no longer have a Write() instruction to slow it down.
class Program
{
public const int N = 1000000;
private static object _l = new object();
private static int _i = 0;
private static int _j = 0;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
ThreadStart ts = DoWork;
Thread t = new Thread(ts);
t.Start();
for (int x = 0; x < N; x++)
{
lock (_l)
{
// j-thread has run?
if (_j > 0)
{
// print and reset j
Console.Write("j{0} ", _j);
_j = 0;
}
_i++;
}
}
t.Join();
// print remaining cycles
// one of the threads will have run after the other has finished and
// hence not been printed and reset.
if (_i > 0)
Console.Write("i{0} ", _i);
if (_j > 0)
Console.Write("j{0} ", _j);
Console.ReadKey();
}
private static void DoWork()
{
for (int x = 0; x < N; x++)
{
lock (_l)
{
// i-thread has run?
if (_i > 0)
{
// print and reset i
Console.Write("i{0} ", _i);
_i = 0;
}
_j++;
}
}
}
}

Multiple threads calling same method in C#

I have the following C# code snippet in which I have simulated my problem. In this program I have a Service function that call ReadRooms method.
Now I am calling the service method on different threads. I was expecting that both ServiceCall and ReadRooms method will fired equally but I am getting below result that is not correct.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
class Program
{
public static void ReadRooms(int i)
{
Console.WriteLine("Reading Room::" + i);
Thread.Sleep(2000);
}
public static void CallService(int i)
{
Console.WriteLine("ServiceCall::" + i);
ReadRooms(i);
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Thread[] ts = new Thread[4];
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
ts[i] = new Thread(() =>
{
int temp = i;
CallService(temp);
});
ts[i].Start();
}
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
ts[i].Join();
}
Console.WriteLine("done");
Console.Read();
}
}
}
You are still 'capturing the loop variable'. You are creating a temp but too late, when i is already captured.
Try this:
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
int temp = i; // outside the lambda
ts[i] = new Thread(() =>
{
//int temp = i; // not here
CallService(temp);
});
ts[i].Start();
}
You should put this line
int temp = i;
before the Thread creation
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
int temp = i;
ts[i] = new Thread(() => CallService(temp));
ts[i].Start();
}
This way you will create a local copy of i that will be used by the lambda expression.
Your thread action is closing over the variable i instead of its current value. You therefore have a race between the thread reading i and the increment in the for loop. You can pass it as a parameter instead:
ts[i] = new Thread(index =>
{
CallService((int)index);
});
ts[i].Start(i);
alternatively you can move the copy of temp to inside the loop instead of the thread action:
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
int temp = i;
ts[i] = new Thread(() =>
{
CallService(temp);
});
ts[i].Start();
}

Multithreading and ProgressBar

Need to make an multithreading application, which performs some activities and shows progress of all work in ProgressBar. Here is the code. Only thread named "thread - 0" makes all work. I need to distribute work between all threads.
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
const float maxWorkedValue = 10;
const int threadsCount = 5;
float totalProgress;
int threadSleepTime = 1;
object locker = new object();
List<Thread> threads = new List<Thread>();
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
prBar.Maximum = (int)maxWorkedValue;
prBar.Step = 1;
for (int i = 0; i < threadsCount; i++)
{
threads.Add(new Thread(BeginCalculate) { Name = "Thread - " + i.ToString() });
threads[i].Start();
}
}
void BeginCalculate()
{
for (int i = 0; i < maxWorkedValue; i++)
{
lock (locker)
{
float currentProgress = CalculateLongTask(i);
Update((currentProgress / maxWorkedValue) * 100, Thread.CurrentThread.Name);
Thread.Sleep(threadSleepTime);
}
}
}
float CalculateLongTask(int value)
{
for (int i=0; i<value;i++)
Thread.Sleep(threadSleepTime);
return totalProgress++;
}
void Update(float i, string threadName)
{
if (InvokeRequired)
{
BeginInvoke(new Action<float, string>(Update), new object[] { i, threadName });
return;
}
label1.Text = threadName;
prBar.Value = (int)i;
}
}
UPDATE2:
I've updated the code above. But it not resolved the problem. How to synchronize the variable "i" between different threads? An exception (progressbar.Max) is thrown. Why?
for (int i = 0; i < maxWorkedValue; i++)
{
lock (locker)
{
float currentProgress = CalculateLongTask(i);
Update((currentProgress / maxWorkedValue) * 100, Thread.CurrentThread.Name);
Thread.Sleep(15);
}
}
EDIT:
If I understood you correctly you want to execute a loop (i.e.for (int i = 0; i < maxWorkedValue; i++) ) concurrently among many threads.
This is extremely easier to accomplish using the Parallel extensions
1.
Here's your modified code:
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
const float maxWorkedValue = 100;
const int threadCount = 5;
float maxWorkedValue2 = 1;
Thread thread;
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
prBar.Maximum = (int)maxWorkedValue;
prBar.Step = 1;
thread = new Thread(BeginCalculate) { Name = "Father thread" };
thread.Start();
}
void BeginCalculate()
{
Parallel.For(0, (int)maxWorkedValue,
(i) =>
{
float currentProgress = CalculateLongTask(i);
// here we are (probably) in a thread child
//of "Father thread" so let's use ManagedThreadId instead of the name...
Update((currentProgress / maxWorkedValue) * 100, Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString());
Thread.Sleep(2);
return;
});
}
float CalculateLongTask(int value)
{
for (int i = 0; i < value; i++)
Thread.Sleep(15);
return maxWorkedValue2++;
}
void Update(float i, string threadName)
{
if (InvokeRequired)
{
BeginInvoke(new Action<float, string>(Update), new object[] { i, threadName });
return;
}
label1.Text = threadName;
prBar.Value = Math.Min((int)i, 100);
}
}
1
If you're using .NET 4.0 Parallel extensions comes with the framework.
If you're using .NET 3.5, look at this Q&A to know how to use it.
Mostly, your locking scheme is broken:
void BeginCalculate() // main thread method
{
lock (locker)
{
.... // 1 thread at a time
}
}
All threads are run in sequence, you're not really multi-threading.
I can't comment on the rest except to say it doesn't look like something you should use for real.
You should probably outline what you really need to do, It won't be Sleep().

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