I'm trying to write a Bluetooth PC client that can do some simple interactive behavior with a Android device over Bluetooth. Then I learned that it is possible to use Windows Socket programming to achieve, however, when I'm trying to create a new socket, this link tells me to use AF_BTH as the address parameter, which is in a C++ struct as clarified in this link.
Here are my codes with errors:
Socket tempSocket = new Socket(AF_BTH, SOCK_STREAM, BTHPROTO_RFCOMM);
So here is my question: Does it mean that I have to use C++ to achieve this? If not, how do I create a new Bluetooth-typed socket under C#?
you can use http://32feet.codeplex.com/ for bluetooth connection
here is simple demo for discovering new devices:
List<Device> devices = new List<Device>();
BluetoothClient bc = new BluetoothClient();
BluetoothDeviceInfo[] array = bc.DiscoverDevices();
int count = array.Length;
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
Device device = new Device(array[i]);
devices.Add(device);
}
refrence : http://blogs.microsoft.co.il/shair/2009/06/21/working-with-bluetooth-devices-using-c-part-1/
32feet documentation is good enough to look at (samples are in vb language but its .net - easy to convert to c#)
Related
I have a Windows Mobile/CE 6 device that needs to read RFID data from a bluetooth RFID wand in a custom .NET 3.5 CF application. Tried many different solutions and trying to make 32Feet's InTheHand bluetooth library work. I can get the device to pair and connect just fine, but when I send commands to the unit and try to read from the stream, it always results in an exception of "Operation time-out". Any tips or help is much appreciated.
var endpoint = new BluetoothEndPoint(device.DeviceAddress, BluetoothService.SerialPort);
var client = new BluetoothClient();
client.Connect(endpoint); // Connects just fine!
var stream = client.GetStream();
using (var sw = new StreamWriter(stream))
{
sw.Write("l");
}
if (stream.CanRead) // Always False
{
using (var sr = new StreamReader(stream))
{
var exi = sr.Peek();
var p = sr.ReadToEnd();
var pp = sr.ReadLine();
}
}
1.
I would first check, if there is any communication possible using the standard tools. Possibly the RFID does not work as you think.
Connect the BT RFID using the BT applet and add a new outgoing Serial Port also in the BT applet. Then use PocketPuTTY or another serial terminal tool to communicate with the RFID module. If that works, you can go on and start using 32feet.
2.
Will the RFID answer on a simple char or does it need a CR/LF on received data?
3.
Test the communication from a PC following 1. usning a Hyperterminal like app.
I try to send a code(TLRequestAuthSendCode) but it doesn't come. In what there can be a problem?
Part of code:
TLContext tlContext = new TLApiContext();
TcpClient tcpClient = new TcpClient();
tcpClient.Connect(connections[0].getAddress(), (int)connections[0].getPort());
TLRequestAuthSendCode tlRequestAuthSendCode = new TLRequestAuthSendCode("PHONE_NUMBER",
0, 19114, "TOKEN", "en");
tlRequestAuthSendCode.serializeBody(new StreamWriter(tcpClient.GetStream()));
can you debug your code and tell if
tcpClient.Connect(connections[0].getAddress(),
Connections[0] has a value?
I'd suggest you change your code to the following:
public void run() {
connections = new ConnectionInfo[]{
new ConnectionInfo(1, 0, "149.154.167.40", 443)
};
apiState = new ApiState(connections);
doReqCode(connections);
private void doReqCode(connections){
var args = new SocketAsyncEventArgs();
I don't see where the code could break, maybe a more detailed description of your problem would be helpful
TcpClient tcpClient = new TcpClient();
As i tried the code, it mostly seemd to me as if the port was either blocked or already in use. Maybe u have a permission problem there. At least i didnt manage to get a Socket to work with the code like that.
Also i didnt dive to deep in your code, but you are using port 443. This is a reserved port with limited access.
You can get started with this, but I have written it in vb.net, not C#.
It will walk you through getting started building your own Telegram-API from scratch.
Also try and get familiar with the online documentation, it's hard but the step by step explanation I gave in that link above on generating your AuthKey, should get you started.
Good Luck
I am executing the example code of LibUsbDotNet which will return me the information of all connected usb devices. You can find this code below.
using System;
using LibUsbDotNet;
using LibUsbDotNet.Info;
using LibUsbDotNet.Main;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
namespace Examples
{
internal class ShowInfo
{
public static UsbDevice MyUsbDevice;
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Dump all devices and descriptor information to console output.
UsbRegDeviceList allDevices = UsbDevice.AllDevices;
foreach (UsbRegistry usbRegistry in allDevices)
{
if (usbRegistry.Open(out MyUsbDevice))
{
Console.WriteLine(MyUsbDevice.Info.ToString());
for (int iConfig = 0; iConfig < MyUsbDevice.Configs.Count; iConfig++)
{
UsbConfigInfo configInfo = MyUsbDevice.Configs[iConfig];
Console.WriteLine(configInfo.ToString());
ReadOnlyCollection<UsbInterfaceInfo> interfaceList = configInfo.InterfaceInfoList;
for (int iInterface = 0; iInterface < interfaceList.Count; iInterface++)
{
UsbInterfaceInfo interfaceInfo = interfaceList[iInterface];
Console.WriteLine(interfaceInfo.ToString());
ReadOnlyCollection<UsbEndpointInfo> endpointList = interfaceInfo.EndpointInfoList;
for (int iEndpoint = 0; iEndpoint < endpointList.Count; iEndpoint++)
{
Console.WriteLine(endpointList[iEndpoint].ToString());
}
}
}
}
}
// Free usb resources.
// This is necessary for libusb-1.0 and Linux compatibility.
UsbDevice.Exit();
// Wait for user input..
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
My problem is that the second line executed in the code:
UsbRegDeviceList allDevices = UsbDevice.AllDevices;
does not not return any device at all, while I do have the device I want to find connected, my keyboard and mouse.
Has anyone encountered this problem before? And/or does anyone know how to solve it?
Thanks in Advance!
Milan van Dijck
Does libusb support HID devices?
On Windows, the native Windows HID driver is supported by libusb, but there are some limitations, such as not being able to access HID mice and keyboards, as they are system reserved, as well as getting a direct read of HID report descriptors. Apart from that, you should be communicate with an HID device as you would with any other USB device.
If your application will revolve around HID access, you are encouraged to try to use the ​HIDAPI library by Signal 11 Software, which is also cross-platform. It uses native HID API under Windows and Mac OS X and can use libusb or hidraw as the backend under Linux.
The documentation says that
Gets a list of all available USB devices (WinUsb, LibUsb, Linux LibUsb v1.x).
and
Use this property to get a list of USB device that can be accessed by LibUsbDotNet.
If you are using the standard HID driver for your mouse and keyboard and haven't replaced that with the libusb.sys driver, then LibUsbDotNet can't access those devices and therefore doesn't list them.
What commands do you use to talk to a GPIB instrument in C#, visual studio?
I need to be able to write commands to the instrument and read the output.
I use Agilent IO Library Suite.
Here is a tutorial to use it on C#: I/O programming examples in C#
Nevertheless, in my company we had stability issues with the VISA-COM implementation, so we wrote our own wrapper around the visa32.dll (also part of the IO Library suite) using P/Invoke.
(Disclosure: I work in a company that make intense use of GPIB instruments)
I'm using National Instruments VISA and NI 488.2.
First make sure that you checked the VisaNS.NET API in the NI-VISA Setup, see the following figure:
Add a reference to NationalInstruments.VisaNS and NationalInstruments.Common to your project.
Create a MessageBasedSession, see the following code:
string resourceName = "GPIB0::20::INSTR"; // GPIB adapter 0, Instrument address 20
var visa = new NationalInstruments.VisaNS.MessageBasedSession(resourceName);
visa.Write("*IDN?"); // write to instrument
string res = visa.ReadString(); // read from instrument
A MessageBasedSession can be used to communicate with your instrument over GPIB, Ethernet or USB.
Update
Ivi.Visa superseded NationalInstruments.VisaNS. So you should add a reference only to Ivi.Visa to your project.
The example would look like that:
string resourceName = "GPIB0::20::INSTR"; // GPIB adapter 0, Instrument address 20
var visa = GlobalResourceManager.Open(resourceName) as IMessageBasedSession;
visa.RawIO.Write("*IDN?\n"); // write to instrument
string res = visa.RawIO.ReadString(); // read from instrument
The benefit of using Ivi.Visa is that it works with one of the following libraries:
National Instruments VISA
Keysight IO Libraries Suite
Rohde & Schwarz VISA
Send commands out the serial port.
See Microsoft's COM Port Example.
You should create an object with LangInt class first. Then use that object with GPIB methods.
Most common and used ones are(assuming you created an object named "dev");
dev.ibwrt(deviceHandle, "*IDN?", "*IDN?".Length);
dev.ibrd(deviceHandle, out Value, Arraysize);
These two can query the device. Or you can use them consecutively for example setting a generator's frequency and then it's amplitude.
Important part is before sending SCPI commands; you MUST initialize devices first. To do this use;
deviceHandle = ibdev(GPIBINDEX, GPIBADDRESS, SECONDARYADDRESS, TIMEOUT, EOTMODE, EOSMODE);
These parameters must declared first within the code. After initialization you can use every GPIB command with that device handles.
And of course you should add NationalInstruments.NI4882 and LangInt.dll to your project.
You can use NI Visa.
If you are using Vb or C# use Visa32.bas or Visa32.cs from the sample programs disk
int DefaultSessionId= 0;
int SessionId= 0;
int LastStatus = 0;
string Address = "GPIB0::6" ; //any address
//Session Open
LastStatus = visa32.viOpenDefaultRM(out DefaultSessionId);
//Connection Open
LastStatus = visa32.viOpen(DefaultSessionId, Address + "::INSTR", 0, 0, out sessionId);
LastStatus = visa32.viSetAttribute(SessionId, visa32.VI_ATTR_TERMCHAR, 13);// Set the termination character to carriage return (i.e., 13);
LastStatus = visa32.viSetAttribute(SessionId, visa32.VI_ATTR_TERMCHAR_EN, 1);// Set the flag to terminate when receiving a termination character
LastStatus = visa32.viSetAttribute(SessionId, visa32.VI_ATTR_TMO_VALUE, 2000);// Set timeout in milliseconds; set the timeout for your requirements
//Communication
LastStatus = visa32.viPrintf(SessionId, command + "\n");//device specific commands to write
StringBuilder message = new StringBuilder(2048);
LastStatus = visa32.viScanf(SessionId, "%2048t", message);//Readback
//Session and Connection Close
visa32.viClose(SessionId);
visa32.viClose(DefaultSessionId);
Reference
I'm trying to send a WOL package on all interfaces in order to wake up the gateway(which is the DHCP server, so the machine won't have an IP yet).
And it seems that I can only bind sockets to IP and port pairs...
So the question is: How can a create a socket(or something else) that is bound to a NIC that has no IP?
(Any languge is ok. c# is prefered)
#ctacke: I know that WOL is done by MAC address... My problem is that windows only sends UDP broadcasts on the NIC what Windows considers to be the primary NIC (which is not even the NIC with the default route on my Vista machine). And I can not seems to find a way to bind a socket to an interface which has no IP address. (like DHCP clients do this)
#Arnout: Why not? The clients know the MAC address of the gateway. I just want a send a WOL packet like a DHCP client does initially...(DHCP discover packets claim to come from 0.0.0.0) I don't mind if I have to construct the whole packet byte by byte...
It seems that I have found a solution. One can use winpcap to inject packets to any interface.
And there is good wrapper for .net: http://www.tamirgal.com/home/dev.aspx?Item=SharpPcap
(I would have prefered a solution which requires no extra libraries to be installed...)
UPDATE: Here is what I came up for sending a WOL packet on all interfaces:
//You need SharpPcap for this to work
private void WakeFunction(string MAC_ADDRESS)
{
/* Retrieve the device list */
Tamir.IPLib.PcapDeviceList devices = Tamir.IPLib.SharpPcap.GetAllDevices();
/*If no device exists, print error */
if (devices.Count < 1)
{
Console.WriteLine("No device found on this machine");
return;
}
foreach (NetworkDevice device in devices)
{
//Open the device
device.PcapOpen();
//A magic packet is a broadcast frame containing anywhere within its payload: 6 bytes of ones
//(resulting in hexadecimal FF FF FF FF FF FF), followed by sixteen repetitions
byte[] bytes = new byte[120];
int counter = 0;
for (int y = 0; y < 6; y++)
bytes[counter++] = 0xFF;
//now repeat MAC 16 times
for (int y = 0; y < 16; y++)
{
int i = 0;
for (int z = 0; z < 6; z++)
{
bytes[counter++] =
byte.Parse(MAC_ADDRESS.Substring(i, 2),
NumberStyles.HexNumber);
i += 2;
}
}
byte[] etherheader = new byte[54];//If you say so...
var myPacket = new Tamir.IPLib.Packets.UDPPacket(EthernetFields_Fields.ETH_HEADER_LEN, etherheader);
//Ethernet
myPacket.DestinationHwAddress = "FFFFFFFFFFFFF";//it's buggy if you don't have lots of "F"s... (I don't really understand it...)
try { myPacket.SourceHwAddress = device.MacAddress; }
catch { myPacket.SourceHwAddress = "0ABCDEF"; }//whatever
myPacket.EthernetProtocol = EthernetProtocols_Fields.IP;
//IP
myPacket.DestinationAddress = "255.255.255.255";
try { myPacket.SourceAddress = device.IpAddress; }
catch { myPacket.SourceAddress = "0.0.0.0"; }
myPacket.IPProtocol = IPProtocols_Fields.UDP;
myPacket.TimeToLive = 50;
myPacket.Id = 100;
myPacket.Version = 4;
myPacket.IPTotalLength = bytes.Length - EthernetFields_Fields.ETH_HEADER_LEN; //Set the correct IP length
myPacket.IPHeaderLength = IPFields_Fields.IP_HEADER_LEN;
//UDP
myPacket.SourcePort = 9;
myPacket.DestinationPort = 9;
myPacket.UDPLength = UDPFields_Fields.UDP_HEADER_LEN;
myPacket.UDPData = bytes;
myPacket.ComputeIPChecksum();
myPacket.ComputeUDPChecksum();
try
{
//Send the packet out the network device
device.PcapSendPacket(myPacket);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
device.PcapClose();
}
}
WOL is a very flexible protocol that can be implemented in multiple different ways.
The most common are:
Sending a WOL as the payload of an ethernet packet.
Sending a WOL as the payload of a UDP packet (for routing across the net).
Once it lands on the local network it's passes to all the hosts on the network using the broadcast MAC address.
For an Ethernet packet the structure is:
Destination MAC: FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF (Broadcast)
A Magic Packet Payload
For a UDP packet the structure is:
Destination MAC: FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF (Broadcast)
UDP Port: 9
A Magic Packet Payload
The Magic Payload consists of:
The Synchronization Stream: FFFFFFFFFFFF (that's 6 pairs or 6 bytes of FF)
16 copies of the MAC of the computer you're signaling to WOL
An optional passphrase of 0, 4, or 6 bytes.
To receive WOL packets from the internet (through a firewall/router):
Configure router port 9 to forward to IP 255.255.255.255 (Broadcast IP)
Set the destination IP: The external IP of the router
Note: This can only be achieved using the UDP example because Ethernet packets lack the IP layer necessary for the packet to be routed through the internet. IE, Ethernet packets are the local-network-only option. The issue with sending WOL packets over UDP is security because you have to set the router to enable IP broadcasting (255.255.255.255). Enabling broadcasting over IP is usually considered a bad idea because of the added risk of internal attack within the network (Ping flooding, cache spoofing, etc...).
For more info on the protocol including a sample capture see this site.
If you want a quick-and-dirty command line tool that generates WOL packets (and you're running on a debian, linux mint, or Ubuntu) you can install a tool that already does this.
Just install using the command line with:
sudo apt-get install wakeonlan
Update:
Here's a working example that generates a WakeOnLan packet using the current version of SharpPcap.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net.NetworkInformation;
using PacketDotNet;
using SharpPcap;
namespace SharpPcap.Test.Example9
{
public class DumpTCP
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Print SharpPcap version
string ver = SharpPcap.Version.VersionString;
Console.WriteLine("SharpPcap {0}, Example9.SendPacket.cs\n", ver);
// Retrieve the device list
var devices = CaptureDeviceList.Instance;
// If no devices were found print an error
if(devices.Count < 1)
{
Console.WriteLine("No devices were found on this machine");
return;
}
Console.WriteLine("The following devices are available on this machine:");
Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
int i = 0;
// Print out the available devices
foreach(var dev in devices)
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}) {1}",i,dev.Description);
i++;
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.Write("-- Please choose a device to send a packet on: ");
i = int.Parse( Console.ReadLine() );
var device = devices[i];
Console.Write("What MAC address are you sending the WOL packet to: ");
string response = Console.ReadLine().ToLower().Replace(":", "-");
//Open the device
device.Open();
EthernetPacket ethernet = new EthernetPacket(PhysicalAddress.Parse(
"ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff"), PhysicalAddress.Parse("ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff"),
EthernetPacketType.WakeOnLan);
ethernet.PayloadPacket = new WakeOnLanPacket(
PhysicalAddress.Parse(response));
byte[] bytes = ethernet.BytesHighPerformance.Bytes;
try
{
//Send the packet out the network device
device.SendPacket(bytes);
Console.WriteLine("-- Packet sent successfuly.");
}
catch(Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine("-- "+ e.Message );
}
//Close the pcap device
device.Close();
Console.WriteLine("-- Device closed.");
Console.Write("Hit 'Enter' to exit...");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
Note: This is a fully functional Wake-On-Lan packet sending console application built on the Example09 that can be found in the SharpPcap source.
The libraries used in this example that can't be found in the .NET framework are:
using PacketDotNet;
This library (.dll) comes packaged with SharpPcap. It is responsible for all of the packet construction and parsing within SharpPcap. This is where the WakeOnLan class resides.
Note: The packet construction/parsing code was originally bundled within SharpPcap.dll. It was migrated to its own lib because SharpPcap is meant to be a wrapper for winpcap. Many of its users deal with designing protocols and/or handling raw networking packets.
using SharpPcap;
SharpPcap contains all of the winpcap(windows)/libpcap(*nix) wrapper code. It's needed to select the interface and send the actual packets across the wire.
WOL is done by MAC, not IP. Here's an example.
.NET operates as a virtual machine (the CLR), so it abstracts away much of the underlying real machine. For example, it only provides interfaces for TCP and UDP networking, which is much higher in the network protocol stack that what you are discussing. You might be able to find a third-party component that provides access to a lower-level interface, but I would not count on it (I have looked in the past for .NET and Java).
For access to that low in the network protocol stack, you probably will need to code in C to the relevant OS system calls. You may find this easiest in Python, and you may find this functionality already implemented in Python's or third-party libraries. For example, I suggest taking a look at the Twisted networking libraries. That was one of the reasons that I switched to Python for much of my work.
Best wishes.