Fast Bitmap modifying using BitmapData and pointers in C# - c#

I am capturing data from some camera (array of RAW data).
Then I'm mapping this data to RGB values according to color palette.
I need to map it as fast as possible, so I use BitmapDdata and edit pixels in unsafe piece of code using pointers.
public void dataAcquired(int[] data)
{
Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(width, height);
BitmapData data = bmp.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);
for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i++)
{
int x = i % bmp.Width;
int y = i / bmp.Width;
Rgb rgb = mapColors[data[i]];
unsafe
{
byte* ptr = (byte*)data.Scan0;
ptr[(x * 3) + y * data.Stride] = rgb.b;
ptr[(x * 3) + y * data.Stride + 1] = rgb.g;
ptr[(x * 3) + y * data.Stride + 2] = rgb.r;
}
}
bmp.UnlockBits(data);
}
And I'm doing this for every incoming frame. It works fine, but it still takes something like 30ms for each frame for 320x240 pixels.
Is it possible to make it even more faster? Maybe I couldlock/unlock data in memory only once, but I'm not sure about this.

Instead of calculating x and y for each pixel, you could make them loop counters, like this:
for( y = 0; y < bmp.Height; y++ )
for( x = 0; x < bmp.Width; x++ )
Better yet, ditch x and y altogether and just keep incrementing the ptr pointer instead of recalculating an offset from the ptr pointer three times per pixel.
Try this (warning: I have not checked it.)
public void dataAcquired()
{
Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(width, height);
BitmapData data = bmp.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);
unsafe
{
int i = 0;
byte* ptr = (byte*)data.Scan0;
for( int y = 0; y < bmp.Height; y++ )
{
byte* ptr2 = ptr;
for( int x = 0; x < bmp.Width; x++ )
{
Rgb rgb = mapColors[data[i++]];
*(ptr2++) = rgb.b;
*(ptr2++) = rgb.g;
*(ptr2++) = rgb.r;
}
ptr += data.Stride;
}
}
bmp.UnlockBits(data);
}

Try run code in parallel: change
for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i++) {
...
}
into
Parallel.For(0, data.Length, (i) => {
int x = i % bmp.Width;
int y = i / bmp.Width;
Rgb rgb = mapColors[data[i]];
unsafe {
byte* ptr = (byte*) data.Scan0;
ptr[(x * 3) + y * data.Stride] = rgb.b;
ptr[(x * 3) + y * data.Stride + 1] = rgb.g;
ptr[(x * 3) + y * data.Stride + 2] = rgb.r;
}
});

Related

Equivalent of setPixels(int [] pixels, int offset, int stride, int x, int y, int width, int height) in C# .Net?

I am trying to convert some Java code into C# for an application. I can't seem to find the exact equivalent of setPixels method in android.Graphics.Bitmap in C# .NET.
Here is the Java code:
BitMatrix result = some code .....
int w = result.getWidth();
int h = result.getHeight();
int[] pixels = new int[w * h];
for (int y = 0; y < h; y++) {
int offset = y * w;
for (int x = 0; x < w; x++) {
pixels[offset + x] = result.get(x, y) ? BLACK : WHITE;
}
}
Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(w, h, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
bitmap.setPixels(pixels, 0, 480, 0, 0, w, h);
Here is my attempt at converting it into C#:
int w = result.Width;
int h = result.Height;
int[] pixels = new int[w * h];
for (int y = 0; y < h; y++)
{
int offset = y * w;
for (int x = 0; x < w; x++)
{
pixels[offset + x] = result[x, y] ? Color.Black.ToArgb() : Color.White.ToArgb();
}
}
Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(w, h);
// how to convert the line below
bitmap.setPixels(pixels, 0, 480, 0, 0, w, h);
How should I go about converting the last line into C#. Any suggestions?
The simplest solution is to replace
pixels[offset + x] = result.get(x, y) ? BLACK : WHITE;
with
bitmap.SetPixel(x, y, result[x, y] ? Color.Black : Color.White);
This will be rather slow, since it will take some locks for each pixel set. You will also need to create the bitmap first.
A faster way would be to use unsafe code to get a pointer to the bitmap data. See fast work with bitmaps. Assuming an Argb color bitmap
var bData = bitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, bitmap.Width, bitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, bitmap.PixelFormat);
byte* scan0 = (int*)bData.Scan0.ToPointer();
for (int y = 0; y < bData.Height; ++y)
{
var rowPtr = scan0 + y * bData.Stride * 4;
for (int x = 0; x < bData.Width; ++x)
{
rowPtr[x] = result[x, y] ? Color.Black.ToArgb() : Color.White.ToArgb();
}
}

How to properly divide a task of editing bitmap for parallel processing for filter

I'm currently in the development phase of a photoconverter program and in the process of developing a blur filter. At the initial stages of prototyping this feature, i devised a algorithm in which I had an accumulator for each color channel and add all the pixels in a radius of the target pixel. Afterwards the program would divide the accum by the amount of pixels read(not counting those offscreen). At first I thought this would be fine but when it started to work, I had the problem of this filter taking an hour to render with this being the result at the lowest setting. So I opted to utilize parallel processing in C# to make this process much easier and faster to run. With the boost of speed came the cost of the image becoming very glitched out. Here's the image before, and Here's the image afterwards
This is the code I wrote for the filter
public static DirectBitmap NewBlur (DirectBitmap image, int radius)
{
int sectorDiam = 128;
DirectBitmap newimage = image;
List<Rectangle> renderSectors = new List<Rectangle>();
Rectangle rect;
for (int x = 0; x < (image.Width / sectorDiam); x++)
{
int xwidth = sectorDiam;
for (int y = 0; y < (image.Height / sectorDiam); y++)
{
int yheight = sectorDiam;
rect = new Rectangle(x * sectorDiam, y * sectorDiam, xwidth, yheight);
renderSectors.Add(rect);
}
}
var Picrect = new Rectangle(0, 0, image.Width, image.Height);
var data = image.Bitmap.LockBits(Picrect, ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, image.Bitmap.PixelFormat);
var depth = Bitmap.GetPixelFormatSize(data.PixelFormat) / 8; //bytes per pixel
var buffer = new byte[data.Width * data.Height * depth];
Marshal.Copy(data.Scan0, buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
Parallel.ForEach(renderSectors, sector =>
{
BlurSection(buffer, sector, Picrect, radius, image.Width, image.Height, depth);
}
);
Marshal.Copy(buffer, 0, data.Scan0, buffer.Length);
image.Bitmap.UnlockBits(data);
return image;
}
And here's the method for each section of the image to be blurred.
public static void BlurSection(byte[] buffer, Rectangle blurSector, Rectangle bitmaprect, int radius, int width, int height, int depth)
{
int[] Accum = new int[4];
for (int x = blurSector.X; x < blurSector.Width+ blurSector.X; x++)
{
for (int y = blurSector.Y; y < blurSector.Height + blurSector.Y; y++)
{
Accum[0] = 0;
Accum[1] = 0;
Accum[2] = 0;
Accum[3] = 0;
for (int i = -radius; i <= radius; i++)
{
for (int j = -radius; j <= radius; j++)
{
var offset = 0;
offset = (((y+j) * width) + (x+i)) * depth;
if (bitmaprect.Contains(new Point(x + i, y + j))){
Accum[0] += buffer[offset + 0];
Accum[1] += buffer[offset + 1];
Accum[2] += buffer[offset + 2];
Accum[3]++;
}
}
}
Accum[0] = Accum[0] / Accum[3];
if (Accum[0] > 255)
{
Accum[0] = 255;
}
Accum[1] = Accum[1] / Accum[3];
if (Accum[1] > 255)
{
Accum[1] = 255;
}
Accum[2] = Accum[2] / Accum[3];
if (Accum[2] > 255)
{
Accum[2] = 255;
}
var newoffset = ((y * width) + (x * depth*2));
buffer[newoffset + 0] = (byte)Accum[0];
buffer[newoffset + 1] = (byte)Accum[1];
buffer[newoffset + 2] = (byte)Accum[2];
}
}
}
It's also worth noting that I'm using a Bitmap class to make access to pixel data much easier, the "DirectBitmap" you can find here: https://stackoverflow.com/a/34801225/15473435. Is there anything that I'm missing or not aware of that's causing this algorithm not to function?

C# Draw on image using unsafe pointers

I'm trying to set few pixels in a bitmap using unsafe pointer access(for performance boost)-this is my code:
private unsafe void DrawImage(Bitmap bmp1)
{
BitmapData bmData = bmp1.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, bmp1.Width, bmp1.Height), System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, bmp1.PixelFormat);
IntPtr scan0 = bmData.Scan0;
int stride = bmData.Stride;
int x = 200;
int y = 400;
for (; y < 600; y++) {
byte * p = (byte * ) scan0.ToPointer();
p += y * stride + x * 4;
for (; x < 900; x++) {
p[0] = 0; //blue
p[1] = 0; //green
p[2] = 255; //red
p += 4;
}
}
bmp1.UnlockBits(bmData);
}
As you can see,i'm trying to set a block (to red color) from y=400 to y=600 , and x=200 to x=900.
On every interation of the outer loop i advance the pointer to the desired address ,but i'm getting only a "thin" horizontal line of red pixels...which indicated that somthing is wrong with the y address..i can't get why.
p += y * stride + x * 4;-this is how i advance the pointer everytime... did i miss something?
i hope my question was clear.
Thanks in advance.
The shortcuts in your loops don't go well together. At least the inner loop needs a proper start value. Best to set both start and end values; most likely you will want to go for a rectangle later anyway..
Also, as Hans noted you should make sure to look into the pixel widths of your actual PixelFormat.
Finally the loop advances are not correct.
This should work:
private unsafe void DrawImage(Bitmap bmp1)
{
BitmapData bmData = bmp1.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, bmp1.Width, bmp1.Height),
System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageLockMode.ReadWrite,
bmp1.PixelFormat);
// this is only a rather incomplete test, of course:
int pixWidth = bmp1.PixelFormat == PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb ? 3 :
bmp1.PixelFormat == PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb ? 4 : 4;
IntPtr scan0 = bmData.Scan0;
int stride = bmData.Stride;
int x0 = 100;
int y0 = 100;
int x1 = 200;
int y1 = 300;
byte* p = (byte*)scan0.ToPointer() + y0 * stride;
for (int y = y0; y < y1; y++)
{
p += stride;
int px = x0 * pixWidth;
for (int x = x0; x < x1; x++)
{
px += pixWidth;
p[px + 0] = 0; //blue
p[px + 1] = 0; //green
p[px + 2] = 255; //red
}
}
bmp1.UnlockBits(bmData);
}
As noted this is not really a performance boost over GDI+ FillRectangle. However if you want to set not a block of pixels and/or not set all to one fixed color only, your code will make sense..

C# cut area from image

I'm trying to implement a cropping method myself,using the unsafe code and pointer to speed up the whole process.
This is my code:
private unsafe void Cut(Bitmap bmp, Rectangle r) {
Bitmap result = new Bitmap(r.Width, r.Height, bmp.PixelFormat);
BitmapData bmData = bmp.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, bmp.Width, bmp.Height), System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, bmp.PixelFormat);
BitmapData bmData2 = result.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, result.Width, result.Height), System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, result.PixelFormat);
IntPtr scan0 = bmData.Scan0;
IntPtr scan02 = bmData2.Scan0;
int stride = bmData.Stride;
int stride2 = bmData2.Stride;
int x = r.X;
int y = r.Y;
int width = r.Width;
int height = r.Height;
for (; y < height; y++) {
byte * p = (byte * ) scan0.ToPointer();
p += y * stride;
byte * p2 = (byte * ) scan02.ToPointer();
p2 += y * stride2;
for (; x < width; x++) {
p2[0] = p[0];
p2[1] = p[1];
p2[2] = p[2];
p2[3]=p[3];
p += 4;
p2 += 4;
}
}
result.Save("a.png");
}
And the call to this method:
Bitmap b = (Bitmap)Bitmap.FromFile(#"C:\Users\itapi\Desktop\1.png");
Rectangle r = new Rectangle(200, 500, 300, 450);
Cut(b, r);
When i run the code,i just get a black rectangle as result...not the pixels i wanted to copy from the intial image.
The image from the example above is in32bpprgb format
I'm not sure what i'm doing wrong..i'll appreciate any help.
Thanks.
On the result, you chose "System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageLockMode.ReadOnly" I think you want ReadWrite or WriteOnly.
When I ran through debugger, this statement: for (; y < height; y++) condition failed immediately on my rather large image. So your loop logic is incorrect for running through the lines... Use a debugger :)
EDIT I ran it through the debugger, and your Y and X logic is wrong. I did a quick fix on the Y logic, and got it too crop. You'll have to do something similar to the X to get the correct crop point.
Try this, it cropped and saved a file:
int x = r.X;
int y = r.Y;
int width = r.Width;
int height = r.Height;
int newY = 0;
for (y = r.Y; y < height+r.Y; y++) //For each line in the old image
{
byte* p = (byte*)scan0.ToPointer();
p += y * stride;
byte* p2 = (byte*)scan02.ToPointer();
p2 += newY * stride2;
for (x=r.X; x < width+r.X; x++)
{
p2[0] = p[0];
p2[1] = p[1];
p2[2] = p[2];
p2[3] = p[3];
p += 4;
p2 += 4;
}
newY++;
}
result.Save("\\a.png");

using 3x3 Median filter in c#

Hello friends am trying to apply 3x3 median filter to fingerprint image of appxo 500x500.
I am using pointers to acess the image data. But i realy cant figure out how to do it. I know the concept very well, but if u guyz help me out in code it will be great help. I searched on net, but i dint get any help. thank you
public void medianfilter(Bitmap image)
{
Byte[,] rtemp = new Byte[3, 3];
Byte[,] gtemp = new Byte[3, 3];
Byte[,] btemp = new Byte[3, 3];
BitmapData data = image.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, image.Width, image.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);
int stride = data.Stride;
unsafe {
byte* imgPtr = (byte*)(void*)(data.Scan0);
int nOffset = stride - image.Width * 3;
for (int i = 0; i < image.Width; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < image.Height; j++)
{
for (int x = i; x < 3 + i; x++)
{
for (int y = j; y < 3 + j; y++) {
rtemp[x, y] = imgPtr[0];
gtemp[x, y] = imgPtr[1];
btemp[x, y] = imgPtr[2];
imgPtr += 3; } } imgPtr += nOffset;
}
}
}
}
First of all you are not modifying the Bitmap at all!
You need to dereference the pointer before to apply the change and then you have to UNLOCK the bitmap...
Here's what I had in my old computer graphics course. Modify it as needed.
unsafe
{
//Go to first pixel, the cast is important
byte* p = (byte*)imageData.Scan0.ToPointer();
//For each line
for (int y = 0; y < bmp.Height; y++)
{
//For each pixel (bmp.Width * 3) because jpg has R, G, and B value if the bitmap has an alpha do a *4 multiplier
for (int x = 0; x < bmp.Width * 3; x++)
{
//Invert from the original image
*p = (byte)(255 - *p);
//Go to next pointer
p++;
}
//Move pointer to the right end of the line and then go down to a new line
//Skip the unused space
p += offset;
}
}
bmp.UnlockBits(imageData);
bmp.Save(path);
Hope it helps!

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