Unity 3D How to setup Turret Auto Aim? C# - c#

what i't trying to achieve is have my turrent rotate and follow an "Enemy".
At the moment it detects the enemy but it is not rotating and I don't know why.
The bullet it a prefab i drag in, there has to be a better way to do this? Anyone have any suggestions please?
At the moment the bullet never triggers, but the log Shoot and does...and the rotate doesn't work.
Here is what i have
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
public class TurretController : MonoBehaviour {
public Rigidbody bulletPrefab;
private Transform target;
private GameObject bullet;
private float nextFire;
private Quaternion targetPos;
void OnTriggerEnter(Collider otherCollider) {
if (otherCollider.CompareTag("Enemy"))
{
Debug.Log ("in");
target = otherCollider.transform;
StartCoroutine ("Fire");
}
}
void OnTriggerExit(Collider otherCollider) {
if (otherCollider.CompareTag("Enemy"))
{
Debug.Log ("out");
target = null;
StopCoroutine("Fire"); // aborts the currently running Fire() coroutine
}
}
IEnumerator Fire()
{
while (target != null)
{
nextFire = Time.time + 0.5f;
while (Time.time < nextFire)
{
// smooth the moving of the turret
targetPos = Quaternion.LookRotation (target.position);
transform.rotation = Quaternion.Slerp(transform.rotation, targetPos, Time.deltaTime * 5);
yield return new WaitForEndOfFrame();
}
// fire!
Debug.Log ("shoot");
bullet = Instantiate(bulletPrefab, transform.position, transform.rotation) as GameObject;
//bullet.rigidbody.velocity = transform.forward * bulletSpeed;
}
}
}
I tried to change the instantiate part by using this instead
bullet = (GameObject)Instantiate(bulletPrefab, transform.position, transform.rotation);
bullet.GetComponent<Bullet>().target = target.transform;
But then i just get errors like "InvalidCastException: Cannot cast from source type to destination type.
TurretController+c__Iterator0.MoveNext () (at Assets/Scripts/TurretController.cs:44)"

BTW, here's the turret rotation code I used in my project (shared with permission):
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
public class Turret : MonoBehaviour
{
[SerializeField]
private float turnRateRadians = 2 * Mathf.PI;
[SerializeField]
private Transform turretTop; // the gun part that rotates
[SerializeField]
private Transform bulletSpawnPoint;
private Enemy target;
void Update()
{
TargetEnemy();
}
void TargetEnemy()
{
if (target == null || target.health <= 0)
target = Enemy.GetClosestEnemy(turretTop, filter: enemy => enemy.health > 0);
if (target != null)
{
Vector3 targetDir = target.transform.position - transform.position;
// Rotating in 2D Plane...
targetDir.y = 0.0f;
targetDir = targetDir.normalized;
Vector3 currentDir = turretTop.forward;
currentDir = Vector3.RotateTowards(currentDir, targetDir, turnRateRadians*Time.deltaTime, 1.0f);
Quaternion qDir = new Quaternion();
qDir.SetLookRotation(currentDir, Vector3.up);
turretTop.rotation = qDir;
}
}
}
class Enemy : MonoBehaviour
{
public float health = 0;
private static HashSet<Enemy> allEnemies = new HashSet<Enemy>();
void Awake()
{
allEnemies.Add(this);
}
void OnDestroy()
{
allEnemies.Remove(this);
}
/// <summary>
/// Get the closest enemy to some transform, optionally filtering
/// (for example, enemies that aren't dead, or enemies of a certain type).
/// </summary>
public static Enemy GetClosestEnemy(Transform referenceTransform, System.Predicate<Enemy> filter=null)
{
// Left as an exercise for the reader.
// Remember not to use Vector3.Distance in a loop if you don't need it. ;-)
// return allEnemies[0];
}
}

First problem: the bullet prefab. The variable type is RigidBody. If you want to treat it as a game object, the variable must be a game object. Or you can instantiate it, cast to RigidBody, then use the .gameObject accessor. Like this:
((RigidBody)Instantiate(theRigidbody)).gameObject
Second problem: start simple with the rotation. If it's not working, don't get fancy yet. Start with something like this (an instant rotation toward the target):
Vector3 targetDirection = target.transform.position - transform.position;
targetDirection.y = 0; // optional: don't look up
transform.forward = targetDirection;
If it works, then add small pieces of additional complexity until it does exactly what you want. And if you don't get things figured out, give me a shout (a comment) on Monday. I've written turret-aiming code (including a maximum rotation speed), and I don't think my boss would mind if I upload it.

Related

EnemyAI script not moving the Enemy

I am making my first foray into AI, specifically AI that will follow the player.
I am using the A* Path finding project scripts, but used the Brackeys tutorial for the code
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jvtFUfJ6CP8
Source in case needed.
Here's the code
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using Pathfinding;
public class EnemyAI : MonoBehaviour
{
public Transform Target;
public float speed = 200f;
public float NextWayPointDistance = 3f;
Path path;
int currentWaypoint = 0;
bool ReachedEndOfpath = false;
Seeker seeker;
Rigidbody2D rb;
public Transform EnemyGraphics;
// Start is called before the first frame update
void Start()
{
seeker = GetComponent<Seeker>();
rb = GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();
InvokeRepeating("UpdatePath", 0f, 1f);
}
void UpdatePath()
{
if (seeker.IsDone())
seeker.StartPath(rb.position, Target.position, OnPathComplete);
}
void OnPathComplete(Path p)
{
if (!p.error)
{
path = p;
currentWaypoint = 0;
}
}
// Update is called once per frame
void fixedUpdate()
{
if(path == null)
return;
if(currentWaypoint >= path.vectorPath.Count)
{
ReachedEndOfpath = true;
return;
}
else
{
ReachedEndOfpath = false;
}
Vector2 Direction = ((Vector2)path.vectorPath[currentWaypoint] - rb.position).normalized;
Vector2 Force = Direction * speed * Time.fixedDeltaTime;
rb.AddForce(Force);
float distance = Vector2.Distance(rb.position, path.vectorPath[currentWaypoint]);
if(distance < NextWayPointDistance)
{
currentWaypoint++;
}
if(rb.velocity.x >= 0.01f)
{
EnemyGraphics.localScale = new Vector3(-1f, 1f, 1f);
}else if(rb.velocity.x <= 0.01f)
{
EnemyGraphics.localScale = new Vector3(1f, 1f, 1f);
}
}
}
How I tried to fix the issue:
I thought it could've been a problem with the speed so I increased it to 10000000, and still nothing
Next I thought it was a problem with the Rigidbody2d so I check there, found the gravity scale was set at 0, so I increased it to 1. It made my enemy fall to the ground but still no movement.
I thought it could've been a problem with the mass and drag, so I set Linear drag and Angular drag to 0, and also set mass to 1. Still nothing.
I set the body type to kinematic, pressed run, nothing. Set the body type to static, pressed run, nothing. Set the body type to Dynamic, pressed run, still nothing.
I tried to make a new target for the enemy to follow, dragged the empty game object i nto the target, pressed run and still didn't move.
I am at a loss on how to fix this.
Please help?
Looks like maybe a typo? You have:
// Update is called once per frame
void fixedUpdate()
{
but the method is called FixedUpdate(), with a big F in front. You have fixedUpdate, which is NOT the same.

How to respawn a paddle and ball in breakout - Unity 3D C#

I'm making a breakout game in 3D and it's my first time making a game and using Unity so I'm a bit clueless. I've got to the point where my game works fine up until the ball goes off the screen and into the "dead zone".
Can someone advise how to respawn the paddle and ball together and carry on with the game?
I've included my ball and paddle scripts below, I have a script for the bricks as well but not sure that was relevant. I also made a prefab of the ball and paddle together but no idea what to do with it.
Thanks to anyone who can help :)
Code for my ball
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class BallScript : MonoBehaviour
{
public Rigidbody rbody;
public float MinVertMovement = 0.1f;
public float MinSpeed = 10f;
public float MaxSpeed = 10f;
private bool hasBeenLaunched = false;
void Start()
{
}
private float minVelocity = 10f;
private Vector3 lastFrameVelocity;
void FixedUpdate()
{
if (hasBeenLaunched == false)
{
if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.Space))
{
Launch();
}
}
if (hasBeenLaunched)
{
Vector3 direction = rbody.velocity;
direction = direction.normalized;
float speed = direction.magnitude;
if (direction.y>-MinVertMovement && direction.y <MinVertMovement)
{
direction.y = direction.y < 0 ? -MinVertMovement : MinVertMovement;
direction.x = direction.x < 0 ? -1 + MinVertMovement : 1 - MinVertMovement;
rbody.velocity = direction * MinSpeed;
}
if (speed<MinSpeed || speed>MaxSpeed)
{
speed = Mathf.Clamp(speed, MinSpeed, MaxSpeed);
rbody.velocity = direction*speed;
}
}
lastFrameVelocity = rbody.velocity;
}
void OnCollisionEnter(Collision collision)
{
Bounce(collision.contacts[0].normal);
}
private void Bounce(Vector3 collisionNormal)
{
var speed = lastFrameVelocity.magnitude;
var direction = Vector3.Reflect(lastFrameVelocity.normalized, collisionNormal);
Debug.Log("Out Direction: " + direction);
rbody.velocity = direction * Mathf.Max(speed, minVelocity);
}
public void Launch()
{
rbody = GetComponent<Rigidbody>();
Vector3 randomDirection = new Vector3(-5f, 10f, 0);
randomDirection = randomDirection.normalized * MinSpeed;
rbody.velocity = randomDirection;
transform.parent = null;
hasBeenLaunched = true;
}
}
Code for my paddle
public class PaddleScript : MonoBehaviour
{
private float moveSpeed = 15f;
void Start()
{
}
void Update()
{
if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.RightArrow) && transform.position.x<9.5)
transform.Translate(moveSpeed *Input.GetAxis("Horizontal")*Time.deltaTime, 0f, 0f);
if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.LeftArrow) && transform.position.x>-7.5)
transform.Translate(moveSpeed *Input.GetAxis("Horizontal")*Time.deltaTime, 0f, 0f);
}
}
The simplest thing you can do to check wether the ball goes off screen is to place a trigger immediately off the perimeter of the camera, and add an OnTriggerEnter2D method to your ball.
/* Inside the ball script */
private void OnTriggerEnter() { // Use the 2D version if you're using 2D colliders
/* Respawning stuff */
}
Since you may want a bunch of different things to happen when that method triggers, you may want to use a Unity Event, which is not the king of performance but it probabily doesn't matter for a game like breakout.
using UnityEngine.Events;
public class BallScript : MonoBehaviour
{
public UnityEvent onBallOut;
/* ... */
private void OnTriggerEnter() {
onBallOut.Invoke();
}
}
You then probabily want a Respawn() method (not Reset() because that's a default MonoBehaviour call) which places the ball back to its original position, which you can store in a field as soon as the scene loads:
private Vector3 defaultPosition;
private void Start() {
defaultPosition = transform.position;
}
PS: If you aren't using the Start() method in your paddle script then remove it, cause it will be called by Unity even if empty.

How to add force to an object after a collision in unity2d, to simulate hitting a baseball with a bat

I am working on a 2D game project. I would like the user to be able to hit the ball when he presses on the "space" key. I assigned;
Circle collider 2D & Rigidbody 2D to the ball
Rigidbody 2D & Box Collider 2D to the hero
Edge Collider 2D to the baseball bat.
Here is my script which I have called "KickTheBall.cs":
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
public class KickTheBall : MonoBehaviour {
public float bounceFactor = 0.9f; // Determines how the ball will be bouncing after landing. The value is [0..1]
public float forceFactor = 10f;
public float tMax = 5f; // Pressing time upper limit
private float kickStart; // Keeps time, when you press button
private float kickForce; // Keeps time interval between button press and release
private Vector2 prevVelocity; // Keeps rigidbody velocity, calculated in FixedUpdate()
[SerializeField]
private EdgeCollider2D BatCollider;
private Rigidbody2D rb;
void Start () {
rb = GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();
}
void FixedUpdate () {
if(kickForce != 0)
{
float angle = Random.Range(0,20) * Mathf.Deg2Rad;
rb.AddForce(new Vector2(0.0f,
forceFactor * Mathf.Clamp(kickForce, 0.0f, tMax) * Mathf.Sin(angle)),
ForceMode2D.Impulse);
kickForce = 0;
}
prevVelocity = rb.velocity;
}
void Update(){
if(Input.GetKeyDown (KeyCode.Space))
{
kickStart = Time.time;
Ray ray = Camera.main.ScreenPointToRay(Input.mousePosition);
RaycastHit hit;
if (Physics.Raycast(ray, out hit))
{
if(hit.collider.name == "Ball") // Rename ball object to "Ball" in Inspector, or change name here
kickForce = Time.time - kickStart;
}
}
}
public void KickBall(){
BatCollider.enabled = true;
}
void OnCollisionEnter(Collision col)
{
if(col.gameObject.tag == "Ground") // Do not forget assign tag to the field
{
rb.velocity = new Vector2(prevVelocity.x,
-prevVelocity.y * Mathf.Clamp01(bounceFactor));
}
}
}
However, I am unable to kick the ball when I press the space key. The ball is just bouncing because of colliders. What am I missing?
Check my result:
I would advocate something more like this to start with. This is the script you would add onto your baseball bat.
Part 1:
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
public class KickTheBall : MonoBehaviour
{
public float forceFactor = 10f;
private float kickForce = 50f;
void OnCollisionEnter(Collision col)
{
if(col.gameObject.tag == "Ball") // Do not forget assign tag to the field
{
rb = col.gameobject.GetComponent<Rigidbody>();
rb.AddForce(transform.right * kickForce);
}
}
}
I have simplified your AddForce function for demonstration purposes. Feel free to replace it with your more complex AddForce function if everything is working.
Part 2:
If you really want to include the part where holding the space button makes the hit stronger, then add this:
void Update()
{
if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.Space))
{
kickForce += 0.5f;
}
}
and add at the end of the oncollisionenter
kickForce = 0;
What this will do is build up force while you hold the space button down. After a successful hit the force will reset to 0. So subsequent collisions will not result in a hit until the space button is held again.
Let me know if this did anything for you.
I solved the issue with the help of #TylerSigi. I updated my script file with these codes:
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
public class KickTheBall : MonoBehaviour {
public float forceFactor = 10f;
private float kickForce = 0f;
private EdgeCollider2D BatCollider;
public GameObject Ball;
void Start () {
}
void Update()
{
if (Input.GetKey (KeyCode.Space)) {
kickForce = 1000;
} else {
kickForce = 0;
}
}
void OnTriggerEnter2D(Collider2D col)
{
if(col.gameObject.tag == "Enemy") // Do not forget assign tag to the field
{
Ball.GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>().AddForce(transform.right * kickForce);
}
}
}

Move towards mouse click

I am trying move an object towards my mouse using velocity when clicked, but when I click the object usually goes in a different direction. I basically copied the code from another project, and in that project it works. The only difference is that in the other Project instead of setting velocity, I use AddForce. What is causing this to do what it is doing?
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
public class ShootBall : MonoBehaviour {
public float shootDelay = 0.03f;
public GameObject[] balls;
bool hasShot = false;
Vector3 clickPosition = Vector3.zero;
// Update is called once per frame
void Update() {
if (Input.GetMouseButtonUp(0) && !hasShot) {
hasShot = true;
Vector3 point = Camera.main.ScreenToWorldPoint(Input.mousePosition);
Vector2 direction = point - transform.position;
StartCoroutine(Shoot(direction));
}
}
IEnumerator Shoot(Vector2 direction) {
foreach (GameObject ball in balls) {
float speed = ball.GetComponent<Ball>().speed;
ball.GetComponent<Ball>().rb.velocity = direction.normalized * speed;
yield return new WaitForSeconds(shootDelay);
}
}
}
Try reversing the direction vector, either here:
Vector2 direction = transform.position - point;
Or here:
ball.GetComponent<Ball>().rb.velocity = -direction.normalized * speed;

Unity3D NavMashAgent not moving -C# Code

I don't know this is a right place to ask this. Because this is a Game development ralated question. I post this question in here (gamedev.stackexchange.com -https://gamedev.stackexchange.com/questions/109190/navmashagent-not-moving) but still no responce. And also post thin in Unity forum (http://answers.unity3d.com/questions/1075904/navmashagent-not-moving-in-unity3d-5.html). Any one here to help me.
Ill post my question here again
Im trying to move a Cube to CheckPoints. FindClosestTarget() method gives closest Checkpoint. When Cube hit the CheckPoint, ChackPoint will be Set as Inactive. When the Collision happens FindClosestTarget() call again and get the new closest CheckPoint. Thing is Cube not moving. It Look at the closest check point but not moving.
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
public class EnimyAI03N : MonoBehaviour {
NavMeshAgent agent;
Transform Target;
private float rotationSpeed=15.0f;
void Start () {
agent = GetComponent<NavMeshAgent>();
Target = FindClosestTarget ().transform;
}
void Update ()
{
LookAt (Target);
MoveTo (Target);
}
// Turn to face the player.
void LookAt (Transform T){
// Rotate to look at player.
Quaternion rotation= Quaternion.LookRotation(T.position - transform.position);
transform.rotation = Quaternion.Slerp(transform.rotation, rotation, Time.deltaTime*rotationSpeed);
//transform.LookAt(Target); alternate way to track player replaces both lines above.
}
void MoveTo (Transform T){
agent.SetDestination(T.position);
}
void OnCollisionEnter (Collision col)
{
if(col.gameObject.name.Contains("CheckPoint"))
{
Target = FindClosestTarget ().transform;
}
}
GameObject FindClosestTarget() {
GameObject[] gos;
gos = GameObject.FindGameObjectsWithTag("CheckPoint");
GameObject closest=null;
float distance = Mathf.Infinity;
Vector3 position = transform.position;
foreach (GameObject go in gos) {
Vector3 diff = go.transform.position - position;
float curDistance = diff.sqrMagnitude;
if (curDistance < distance) {
closest = go;
distance = curDistance;
}
}
return closest;
}
}
Make sure the SetActive(false); is happening before you search for the new target, by just putting both lines in the same area.
void OnCollisionEnter (Collision col)
{
if(col.gameObject.name.Contains("CheckPoint"))
{
col.gameObject.SetActive(false);
Target = FindClosestTarget ().transform;
}
}

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