I've recently coded a little program to determine numbers in a picture and it is reliant on two libraries I've used. (DLLs)
Since my target computer is not allowed to install programs due to security reasons, I need to create a portable .exe.
.NET is installed on the target computer but for some reason VS still does not include the libraries I've used in the exe but instead creates an application folder with a setup.exe, some .DEPLOY files and an application manifest.
I am new to VS and .NET in general so this question could be easy to answer, but I'm asking since I've found nothing useful on StackOverflow neither on google.
You can simply build the application and copy your bin/Debug folder along, but that would still mean you need multiple files.
In order to merge all references into the executable, use ILMerge. Here is some help calling ILMerge.
Basically, after building, you should do something like this:
ilmerge /target:winexe /out:SelfContainedProgram.exe
Program.exe ClassLibrary1.dll ClassLibrary2.dll
There is just one file you need to send along.
One way to do this is to build your application in Release mode (You can pick from Debug or Release in the drop-down). Then go to C:\Projects\[ProjectName]\[ProjectName]\bin\Release (The location of your project folder may vary). You'll see a bunch of files but all you really need are the DLLs, executable, and the config if you used one. You won't have to do any setup if you keep the necessary files in the application's folder, just copy them all to a folder on the target computer, create a shortcut if you want then you're good to go.
You can just copy all your assemblies into any folder you want. Simply chose "Build" from within Visual Studio and copy the files from bin/debug to your destination-folder.
However you have to ensure that all (relative) paths (if existing) still work as you cannot be sure where the user of your program copies the files to.
One simple way could be to use 7zip Packager, it doesn't need any installer. However, VisualStudio method might be more reliable.
I encountered the same issue recently. ILMerge suggestion above is no longer supported. I found Fody.Costura as a modern replacement.
Related
In the Resources folder of my project, I have many different DLLs from other assemblies in my solution. These DLLs are used as embedded resources so I can have a single EXE without having to have local copies of all the DLLs. What I want to be able to do is have them updated every time I build my entire solution. So for example, if I have AssemblyOne/bin/x86/Debug/Foo.dll, I want the DLL to always copy over to LocalAssembly/Resources/Foo.dll whenever I build the project.
Is there an easy way to do this? I was looking at the post-build-event macros, but none of them would be able to directly reference my "LocalAssembly", which is not the Solution Directory. Also, I'm not sure how I would go about writing a new custom post-build command in a way that the newly copied DLLs would not be an absolute reference to my local machine. Thanks! Please comment for more information and I will edit the question.
You need not access only your solution folder in post build events. The post build scripts run with whatever permissions the compiler had when it ran. Since in Visual Studio things frequently run with Administrator permissions, chances are great you have access to your entire file system. As a result, if you are wanting to copy resources around, you merely need to presume that you are starting the xcopy call in the build destination directory. From there, you can navigate around with normal paths. So if, for example, you needed go up three levels and then into the directory LocalAssemblies, your copy command would look like xcopy Foo.dll ../../../LocalAssemblies.
I've built against the release profile and this creates an executable build within the release directory in my project.
How do I best distribute to clients from this executable? There are a lot of files within this folder which don't appear when installed through the installer, such as the mainifest and one called application.exe.xml (which is confusing when Windows hides the extension in Windows Explorer).
Are these all necessary? Can I just send the executable? Or will I need to send with all the files? Is there a way to build without all these files?
You must send the EXE file and any DLL file that you reference locally. If you use COM references and the like, you need to register them during the installation. The same thing for the GAC I think, but I haven't used that for stand-alone applications myself.
The application.exe.config file contains the application settings (a copy of app.config). If you don't use settings or the user doesn't typically care about them, you can omit the file, and it will use the default values you built the application with.
The vshost files are not needed (if you have them). They are used by Visual Studio's debugger. The .pdb files contain debug data used to facilitate DLL file to source matching. Unless you plan on attaching a debugger to the application, there is no point sending those.
Usually, in an XCopy deployment you have to deploy (literally copy all files deployment with no setup/installer program) the content of the output folder (like debug or release) without:
*.pdb - debug symbols
*.xml - xml documentation
?vshost? - Visual Studio hosting files
In fact, it anyway also depends on your specific application. As a developer, you need to know what you are producing; in case you are using an xml file which is not the result of the .NET documentation compiler, but a static file copied in the output folder, then do not forget to deploy it.
A last note: developers usually disable the option to hide file extensions in Windows Explorer ;-)
You need to understand what an installer does or why an installer is important.
An installer takes care of the basic environment. The installer can carry dependent assemblies/modules along with the application. It can also check if you need something before you run, like .NET on the target machine. It can also create the shortcuts on the desktop or start menu. Plus it also provides adequate options on the target machine to uninstall it.
If you wish to ship the executable alone, you might miss out some assemblies that the executable depends on. The target machine may or may not have the correct .NET version installed.
Use the program: HM NIS EDIT from HM Soft.
Build your project
Run NIS EDIT
Make a new script from the wizard (Ctrl + W)
Run all the steps
Select all the .dll and .exe files
Build a setup file
I have a quick question regarding debug and release in VS 2008.
I have an app i've been working on - its not yet complete but the bulk of the functionality is there. So basically i'm trying to give a copy of it now to the person helping with documentation - just so they can have a play and get the feel for what i've made.
Now the question is how to provide it to them. I was told to just copy the .exe out of the debug/bin folder and put that onto USB. But when testing, if I run this .exe anywhere else (outside of this folder) it crashes. I've now worked out why this is:
var path = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["PathToUse"];
var files = Directory.GetFiles(path);
throws a null reference, so that App.config file is not being used. If I copy that file in with the .exe it works again.
So actually my question is regarding the best way to manage this situation. What is the best way to provide a working copy to people, and, is there a reference on preparing apps for release - so everything is packaged together and installed in a clean structured folder heirarchy?
If you want to be safe grab everything in the debug/bin folder. If you use the drop down in VS to change to release and then compile the project, there will be fewer files in the release/bin folder because many debug related files are not included.
If there are third party DLLs you are referencing, like if you downloaded log4net or something like that, then you can simply put them in the same folder as the exe. This is called side-by-side deployment, and in my opinion is the simplest and easiest to test.
You can search for XCOPY deployment to learn more about what you are trying to do.
You can take another step of compressing the bin folder into an archive like a zip file to make it easy for the user to extract them, or you could use a tool like WIX or NSIS to create an installer to extract and copy the files.
I've created a Windows Forms Application in Visual Studio 2008, .NET 3.5.
Now I want to finalize my project, i.e. to create a single .exe file which I can give to someone and he will be able to run it on his computer.
In my project files I found bin/Debug directory where I see a .exe file.
Can I just use this file as is, or I am missing some important finalizing procedure ?
Thanks !
You can just take the EXE as long as it has no dependencies. If there are any dll files in there, you need to include them (or use the ILMerge command line utility to combine them). You can, however, ignore any generated pdb or xml files.
As a side note, you should be compiling in release if you plan on deploying your project (the output will be in bin/Release)
You are not clear in you question. If your solutions output is just a single exe file, then Yes, you can give away the exe file in bin\debug.
But instead of bin\debug\ exe you must distribute the bin\Release\ exe which is meant for release purpose.
To make the ILMerge easier, use the GUI tool from codeplex at http://ilmergegui.codeplex.com/
If this is a commercial application, several commercial obfuscators allow creating a single exe.
In SetiSeeker response the link http://ilmergegui.codeplex.com/ is not reachable
For some reason, we have a script that creates batch files to XCOPY our compiled assemblies, config files, and various other files to a network share for our beta testers. We do have an installer, but some don't have the permissions required to run the installer, or they're running over Citrix.
If you vomited all over your desk at the mentions of XCOPY and Citrix, use it as an excuse to go home early. You're welcome.
The code currently has hundreds of lines like:
CreateScripts(basePath, "Client", outputDir, FileType.EXE | FileType.DLL | FileType.XML | FileType.CONFIG);
It used to be worse, with 20 int parameters (one per file type) representing whether or not to copy that file type to the output directory.
These hundreds of lines create upload/download batch files with thousands of XCOPY lines. In our setup projects, we can reference things like "Primary output from Client" and "Content Files from Client". I'd love to be able to do that programmatically from a non-setup project, but I'm at a loss.
Obviously MS does it, either using an API or by parsing the .csproj files. How would I go about doing this? I'm just looking for a way to get a list of files for any of the setup categories, i.e.:
Primary Output
Localized Resources
Content Files
Documentation Files
EDIT:
I have a setup project like Hath suggested, and it's halfway to what I'm looking for. The only problem keeping that from being a perfect solution is that multiple projects depend on the same assemblies being in their own folder, and the setup will only copy the file once.
Example:
Projects Admin, Client, and Server all rely on ExceptionHandler.dll, and Admin and Client both rely on Util.dll, while Server does not. This is what I'm looking for:
Admin
Admin.exe
Admin.exe.config
ExceptionHandler.dll
Util.dll
Client
Client.exe
Client.exe.config
ExceptionHandler.dll
Util.dll
Server
Server.exe
Server.exe.config
ExceptionHandler.dll
Since the referenced assemblies are all the same, what I get is this:
Admin
Admin.exe
Admin.exe.config
ExceptionHandler.dll
Util.dll
Client
Client.exe
Client.exe.config
Server
Server.exe
Server.exe.config
This causes a FileNotFoundException when either Client or Server can't find one of the two DLLs it's expecting.
Is there a setup property I'm missing to make it always copy the output, even if it's duplicated elsewhere in another project's output?
EDIT AGAIN: All referenced DLLs are set to "Copy Local", and always have been. I found a decent article on using NAnt and XSLT to grab the list of files, so that may be a possible solution as well, as neouser99 suggested.
ACCEPTED SOLUTION: I'm pretty much back where I started. All .exe and .dll outputs are put into a "bin" directory in the setup project, loosely packed. The other per-application folders contain shortcuts to the executable in that directory.
The difference now is, I'm going to add a custom action to the installer to use reflection, enumerate the dependencies for each executable output, and copy the .exe and .dll files to the separate directories. Bit of a pain, as I just assumed there was a way to programmatically detect what files would be included via some setup library.
why not use another setup project and just set the 'Package files' setting to As Loose uncompressed files (setup project->properties)? then share the folder.. or something.
edit:
I see, you have 3 folders for your outputs. but the setup project only detects the ExceptionHandler.dll and Util.dll once, so it will just pick the first folder and put it in there.
You could do a setup project for each project - bit annoying maybe..
You could manually add in the dll's to the projects that are missing the assembly's
either by adding in the File by 'add file' or 'add assembly' or 'add project output' if you have those projects in the same solution.. (I doubt that's the case though).
or just dump all of them into one output directory...
Although it's designed as a build tool, you might find NAnt to be extremely useful in what you are talking about. The tasks (build, copy, move, delete, etc.) that you can define allow for very fine-grained file lookups, up to general, full folders. If you also incorporate NAnt into your build process, I think you could find that it helps out in more ways then one.
Another approach that has worked for me in the past is to add the shared resource (Assembly, DLL or project) as a reference to each of the Admin, Server and Client projects. Then open the properties panel for the referenced item in each project and set "Copy Local" to true.
Now when you build the projects, each will have its own instance of the Assembly copied into its output folder.
This should also cause the shared components added in this manner to be replicated in each of the output folders in the setup package.
A completely different approach could be to set them up as symbolic links on the network share. A symbolic link is basically a short-cut where the file-system hides the fact that it is a short-cut, so all other applications actually believes that the file has been copied (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTFS_symbolic_link).
One advantage of this approach is that the file is updated immediately as the file changes and not only when you build your projects. So when you for instance save one of the config-files with a text-editor the update is applied immediately.
The following MSBuild script part can build your SLN file (you can replace it with .csproj) and will report a list of all projects that were build (Dlls, EXEs).
<MSBuild Projects="MySolution.sln" Targets="Clean; Rebuild" Properties="Configuration=$(BuildMode);">
<Output TaskParameter="TargetOutputs"
ItemName="AssembliesBuilt" />
</MSBuild>
Now, this doesn't really solve your problem, but it gets you a list of everything that was build. You also have copylocal, so you could probably just take AssembiesBuild and copy all DLL and .CONFIG files from there.
Example:
AssembliesBuild = c:\myproj\something1\build.dll
you'd go to c:\myproj\something1\ and simply search for all *.dll and *.config files and include them. You can do this pretty easily with MSBuild or powershell, if you have it installed. To output a XCOPY script from MSBuild, I think you'll need MSBuild contrib projct installed.