I have a WPF project with a Window. I've added a style to the resources for that window and I'm trying to use that style on a component, but the resource can't be found!
I believe the syntax is as basic as it can be, and also the same as numerous examples I've seen online:
<Window x:Class="MyView"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
<Window.Resources>
<Style x:Name="ComponentsListItem" TargetType="{x:Type ListViewItem}">
<!-- Some styles -->
</Style>
</Window.Resources>
<Grid>
<ListView ItemContainerStyle="{StaticResource ComponentsListItem}" />
</Grid>
</Window>
When I'm compiling I get an error on {StaticResource ComponentsListItem} that says
The resource "ComponentsListItem" could not be resolved
I have also tried putting the style into a <ResourceDictionary> so that it looks like this:
<Window.Resources>
<ResourceDictionary>
<Style x:Name="ComponentsListItem" TargetType="{x:Type ListViewItem}">
<!-- Some styles -->
</Style>
</ResourceDictionary>
</Window.Resources>
But that gives exactly the same error message on the exact same place.
What is going on here? Why can't I use ComponentsListItem?
Why can't I use ComponentsListItem
That's because you are using x:Name but styles are defined by using x:Key.
Use this and it will work fine
<Style x:Key="ComponentsListItem" TargetType="{x:Type ListViewItem}">
<!-- Some styles -->
</Style>
Related
I know I can set the style of a UserControl like so in the control by adding an attribute:
Style="{StaticResource MyStyle}"
And having a style in my ResourceDictionary that looks something like the following:
<Style x:Key="MyStyle" TargetType="{x:Type UserControl}">
<Style.Resources>
<Style TargetType="Label">
<!-- Label Setters -->
</Style>
<Style TargetType="TextBox">
<!-- TextBox Setters -->
</Style>
</Style.Resources>
</Style>
But is there a way I can set the style of the UserControl in the ResourceDictionary directly like:
<Style x:Key="MyStyle" TargetType="{x:Type MyControl}">
Essentially my question is, can I apply the style directly to the control instead of to the controls components?
EDIT:
What I am trying to accomplish is something like the following:
<Style x:Key="MyStyle" TargetType="{x:Type MyControl}">
<Setter Property="Background" Value="Black"/>
</Style>
<Style x:Key="{x:Type MyControl}" TargetType="{x:Type MyControl}" BasedOn="{StaticResource MyStyle}"/>
Where the second line applies the style to all controls in the application, if you do something similar with a normal control this approach works.
However this only sets the Background of the UserControl, so how can I apply that same background to its components.
How can I do it with the UserControl?
You can directly set the UserControl's Style like this:
<UserControl x:Class="MyNamespace.MyControl" xmlns:local="MyNamespace" ...>
<UserControl.Style>
<Style>
<Setter Property="local:MyControl.MyProperty" Value="..."/>
...
</Style>
</UserControl.Style>
</UserControl>
or like this:
<UserControl x:Class="MyNamespace.MyControl" xmlns:local="MyNamespace" ...>
<UserControl.Style>
<Style TargetType="local:MyControl">
<Setter Property="MyProperty" Value="..."/>
...
</Style>
</UserControl.Style>
</UserControl>
A default Style in the UserControl's Resources should also work:
<UserControl x:Class="MyNamespace.MyControl" xmlns:local="MyNamespace" ...>
<UserControl.Resources>
<Style TargetType="local:MyControl">
<Setter Property="MyProperty" Value="..."/>
...
</Style>
</UserControl.Resources>
</UserControl>
You need to remove the x:Key from your defined style so that it can be applied universally to all controls of the same type as what is defined in the TargetType.
To quote from MSDN for Style.TargetType Property:
Setting the TargetType property to the TextBlock type without setting an x:Key implicitly sets the x:Key to {x:Type TextBlock}. This also means that if you give the [...] Style an x:Key value of anything other than {x:Type TextBlock}, the Style would not be applied to all TextBlock elements automatically. Instead, you need to apply the style to the TextBlock elements explicitly.
Necro answer for a special case. If the user control is selected via a DataTemplate resource in another WPF control or window, WPF may not automagically apply a default style from an imported resource dictionary. However, you can apply named style resource after importing a resource dictionary.
<UserControl.Resources>
<ResourceDictionary>
<ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
<ResourceDictionary Source="../../Resources/ResourceDictionary.xaml" />
</ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
</ResourceDictionary>
</UserControl.Resources>
<UserControl.Style>
<Binding Source="{StaticResource MyUserControlStyle}"></Binding>
</UserControl.Style>
To style all controls, add your ResourceDictionary to the resources of your App.xaml.
<Application.Resources>
<!-- Your Resources for the whole application here -->
</Application.Resources>
If your open your Mainwindow with the App...
<Application ...
MainWindow="MainWindow">
or during the startup event...
<Application ...
MainWindow="MainWindow">
Startup="Application_Startup">
the resources are available in every control of your MainWindow.
To set the style for a specific usercontrol look here:
Set Style for user control
in your user control xaml place the style inside the resources tag:
<UserControl>
<UserControl.Resources>
<Style ...</Style>
</UserControl.Resources>
//.. my other components
</UserControl>
I have a resource dictionary file as so:
<ResourceDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:TIMS.Common">
<local:ViewModelLocator x:Key="ModelLocator" />
<Style x:Key="DefaultWindowStyle" TargetType="Window">
<Setter Property="Background" Value="Cyan" />
</Style>
<Style x:Key="DefaultPageStyle" TargetType="Page">
<Setter Property="Background" Value="Red" />
</Style>
<Style x:Key="DefaultGroupBoxStyle" TargetType="GroupBox">
<Setter Property="Background" Value="DarkGray" />
</Style>
And it's included into my App.XAML as so:
<Application x:Class="TIMS.App"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:TIMS.Common"
StartupUri="Views/MainWindow.xaml">
<Application.Resources>
<ResourceDictionary>
<ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
<ResourceDictionary Source="/TIMS;component/Resources.xaml" />
</ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
</ResourceDictionary>
</Application.Resources>
However, this style doesn't apply unless I specifically set the style in the XAML for that object.
Example:
<Window x:Class="TIMS.Views.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:TIMS.Views"
xmlns:nav="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Navigation;assembly=PresentationCore"
xmlns:telerik="http://schemas.telerik.com/2008/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:valueConverters="clr-namespace:TIMS.Utils.ValueConverters;assembly=TIMS.Utils"
x:Name="Main"
Title="Tote Inventory Management System - Southeastern Grocers"
Width="1024"
Style="{StaticResource DefaultWindowStyle}"
Height="768"
DataContext="{Binding MainWindowViewModel,
Source={StaticResource ModelLocator}}">
How can I make these the default style without have to explicitly set them on each element ?
If you want, for example, all your windows in your app to have the same style, remove the x:Key property of your style with TargetType Window.
Having the x:Key property will force you to explicitly use the style in your windows for it to apply. If you remove the x:key, then all the Windows of your app will use that style by default.
Here is a link that explains it with more détails : https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms745683(v=vs.110).aspx
In short, if you want your style to be global and apply by default to all controls of the TargetType type in your app, do not set a key to your style. If you want the style to be applied only to some of the controls of the TargetType type, set a key to your style and use it explicitly on the controls that will use it.
I have external library libccc with its own resources defined like this:
<ResourceDictionary
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:ccc="clr-namespace:libccc"
>
<ccc:BooleanToHiddenVisibilityConverter x:Key="BooleanToHiddenVisibilityConverter" />
</ResourceDictionary>
In my main project I include it using ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries in main app.xaml:
<Application.Resources>
<ResourceDictionary>
<ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
<ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/libccc;component/Resources/Converters.xaml" />
</ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
</ResourceDictionary>
</Application.Resources>
Now my problem is that when I reference that resource from Control template only like this:
<window style="{StaticResource MyDialog}">
</window>
where style is defined in application like this:
<ResourceDictionary>
<Style x:Key="MyDialog" TargetType="{x:Type Window}">
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Window}">
<Grid>
<Label HorizontalAlignment="Center" Content="{Binding UpdateResultDescription}" Visibility="{Binding UpdateEnded, Converter={StaticResource BooleanToHiddenVisibilityConverter}, FallbackValue=Hidden}" />
</Grid>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
</ResourceDictionary
VisualStudio Designer throws exception:
Exception: Cannot find resource named 'BooleanToHiddenVisibilityConverter'. Resource names are case sensitive.
My application works as expected, but designer throws exception. When I reference my libccc in other windows that do not use control template then designer works fine.
Anyone can give me a hint what can I change to make designer work?
As I have multiple Windows in my application, I am looking for a solution that does not require me to set a binding on each Window.
I created a ResourceDictionary which has a style for the Window Background:
<Style TargetType="{x:Type Window}">
<Setter Property="Background" Value="AliceBlue"/>
</Style>
In my XAML, I set the ResourceDictionary:
<Window.Resources>
<ResourceDictionary>
<ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
<ResourceDictionary Source="Templates.xaml" />
</ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
</ResourceDictionary>
</Window.Resources>
There is no error, but my Window color stays white.
This appears to be caused by a combination of the order in which WPF loads/processes styles from nested ResourceDictionary, and the specifics of the Window class.
Assume MainWindow is defined as per your post. Now put the following in Templates.xaml:
<Style TargetType="{x:Type Window}">
<Setter Property="Background" Value="Red"/>
</Style>
<Style TargetType="{x:Type Window}" x:Key="myStyle">
<Setter Property="Background" Value="Green"/>
</Style>
If MainWindow has no style defined, then you will see that in the designer it appears with a red background. The designer is parsing the whole Xaml and loading the resource dictionary, and then drawing the results. The style is read before the window is drawn, and so the red background is applied.
When you run the application, the window is created before the ResourceDictionary is applied. It looks for a default style (a style with x:Key="{x:Type Window}") before the nested ResourceDictionary is processed, and finds nothing. Therefore at runtime, the window appears with default colour. (This is the behaviour described in the comments above.) Remember that the style with x:Key="{x:Type Window}" has a default value that matches the Windows style.
This is borne out if you use myStyle explicitly. If you add to your Window definition the attribute Style="{StaticResource myStyle}" you'll find that the designer fails, but you also get a run-time error, because myStyle hasn't been created at the time that the Window needs it. If you switch to Style="{DynamicResource myStyle}" then you'll see that it works as you hope, because DynamicResource will update once the ResourceDictionary has been parsed and the style included.
So, applying this, you can fix the problem in one way by adding this to your Window element: Style="{DynamicResource {x:Type Window}}" - but this is cludgy. The better solution is to include your resource dictionary in the app.xaml file, where it will be parsed before any window is opened and thus available to all:
<Application.Resources>
<ResourceDictionary>
<ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
<ResourceDictionary Source="Templates.xaml" />
</ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
</ResourceDictionary>
</Application.Resources>
The real issue here is that your Window is not really a Window: it is a class that derives from Window and will in fact be MainWindow, Window2, etc... This means that the automatic style wireup for a Window will never work in this way, and some level of manual binding will unfortunately always be required.
This is the solution I used in my application. It lets me keep all my window styles together, and requires just a couple lines after the <Window.Resources> section.
Do your Style like so:
<Style x:Key="MyWindowStyle">
<Setter Property="Window.Background" Value="AliceBlue"/>
</Style>
Then, in your Window, after </Window.Resources> include the following:
<Window.Style>
<Style BasedOn="{StaticResource MyWindowStyle}"/>
</Window.Style>
Add a new brush in your resource dictionary
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="WindowBackground" Color="AliceBlue" />
and in your WPF window simply set the required resource to the window background property
<Window x:Class="GDD.Presentation.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Title="MainWindow" Height="300" Width="300"
Background="{StaticResource WindowBackground}">
How can I create a style that only exists within the context of a ResourceDictionary, but not in the context of controls that include that ResourceDictionary?
For instance, I want to be able to have a ResourceDictionary that looks like this:
<!-- ControlTemplates.xaml -->
<ResourceDictionary>
<!-- Private Local styles used to set up the publicly usable templates -->
<Style x:Key="TextBoxes" TargetType="TextBox">
<Setter Property="TextWrapping" Value="Wrap" />
</Style>
<!-- End of Private Local Stuff -->
<!-- Public Dictionary Resources Follow -->
<ControlTemplate x:Key="CustomTextBox">
<TextBox Style="{StaticResource TextBoxes}" />
</ControlTemplate>
</ResourceDictionary>
And then in some other control or window, I want to be able to go:
<Window>
<Window.Resources>
<ResourceDictionary Source="ControlTemplates.xaml">
</Window.Resources>
<Grid>
<!-- This Should Work -->
<CustomControl Template="{StaticResources CustomTextBox}">
<!-- This Should NOT Work! -->
<TextBox Template="{StaticResources TextBoxes}">
</Grid>
</Window>
One way to get quite close to what you are looking for is to move the "private" styles from ControlTemplates.xaml into their own ResourceDictionary, and then reference that resource dictionary from within the control templates in ControlTemplates.xaml:
ControlTemplates.xaml:
<ResourceDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
<!-- By referencing the ResourceDictionary from within the ControlTemplate's
resources it will only be available for the ControlTemplate and not for those
who reference ControlTemplates.xaml -->
<ControlTemplate x:Key="CustomTextBox">
<ControlTemplate.Resources>
<ResourceDictionary Source="ControlTemplatePrivateStyles.xaml" />
</ControlTemplate.Resources>
<TextBox Style="{StaticResource TextBoxes}" Text="Some text" />
</ControlTemplate>
</ResourceDictionary>
ControlTemplatePrivateStyles.xaml:
<ResourceDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
<Style x:Key="TextBoxes" TargetType="TextBox">
<Setter Property="TextWrapping" Value="Wrap" />
</Style>
</ResourceDictionary>
Then the xaml for the window would look like this:
<Window x:Class="ResourceDictionaryPrivateStyle.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:ResourceDictionaryPrivateStyle="clr-namespace:ResourceDictionaryPrivateStyle"
Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
<Window.Resources>
<ResourceDictionary Source="ControlTemplates.xaml" />
</Window.Resources>
<StackPanel>
<!-- This works -->
<ResourceDictionaryPrivateStyle:CustomControl Template="{StaticResource CustomTextBox}" />
<!-- This does not work, unless you explicitly reference ControlTemplatesPrivateStyles.xaml here in the window-->
<TextBox Text="Text" Style="{StaticResource TextBoxes}" />
</StackPanel>
</Window>
This way you could not use the "private" styles unless you explicitly reference that resource dictionary. They will not be accessible by just referncing the ControlTemplates.xaml resource dictionary.