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Get Occurrences of Letters in A String

I am trying to count occurrences of letters in a string and almost got the result using the below code snippet:
public static void GetNoofLetters()
{
string str = "AAAAABBCCCDDDD";
int count = 1;
char[] charVal = str.ToCharArray();
List<string> charCnt = new List<string>();
string concat = "";
//Getting each letters using foreach loop
foreach (var ch in charVal)
{
int index = charCnt.FindIndex(c => c.Contains(ch.ToString())); //Checks if there's any existing letter in the list
if(index >= 0) //If letter exists, then count and replace the last value
{
count++;
charCnt[charCnt.Count - 1] = count.ToString() + ch.ToString();
}
else
{
charCnt.Add(ch.ToString()); //If no matching letter exists, then add it to the list initially
count = 1;
}
}
foreach (var item in charCnt)
{
concat += item;
}
Console.WriteLine(concat.Trim());
}
The code works for the given input sample and returns output as: 5A2B3C4D. Simple is that.
But say I've the following input: Second input sample
string str = "AAAAABBCCCDDDDAA";
Expected output:
5A2B3C4D2A
With the above code that I've returns the output as follows:
5A2B3C6A
The above actually occurred for the below code snippet:
if(index >= 0) //If letter found, then count and replace the last value
{
count++;
charCnt[charCnt.Count - 1] = count.ToString() + ch.ToString();
}
Is there any better idea that I can resolve to get the expected output for the second input sample? I can understand, am close enough and may be missing something that's simple enough.
Code sample: Count Occurrences of Letters

Why don't we just loop over value and count? We can have two possibilities:
When character c doesn't equal to current (we have the different character) we should write down the previous sequence and start a new one
Otherwise, add 1 to count
Code:
private static string Compress(string value) {
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
return value;
char current = '\0';
int count = 0;
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(2 * value.Length);
foreach (char c in value) {
if (count != 0 && c != current) {
result.Append(count);
result.Append(current);
count = 0;
}
current = c;
count += 1;
}
result.Append(count);
result.Append(current);
return result.ToString();
}
Please, fiddle yourself

Well, I ended with the following code sample:
public static void Main()
{
string str = "AAAAABBCCCDDDDAABBBBAABB";
int count = 1;
char[] charVal = str.ToCharArray();
List<string> charCnt = new List<string>();
charCnt.Add("");
string concat = "";
//Getting each letters using foreach loop
foreach (var ch in charVal)
{
var lastItem = charCnt.LastOrDefault();
if (lastItem.EndsWith((ch.ToString()))) //If letter exists, then count and replace the last value
{
count++;
charCnt[charCnt.Count - 1] = count.ToString() + ch.ToString();
}
else
{
charCnt.Add(ch.ToString()); //If no matching letter exists, then add it to the list initially
count = 1;
}
}
foreach (var item in charCnt)
{
concat += item; //Concatenate items from the list
}
Console.WriteLine(concat.Trim());
}
Here's a woking sample: Get Occurrences of Letters in A String

Count how many time each Char is in a txt file in C#

I have a school homework, where I need to count how many times each letter is in a txt file, I can't use a dictionary and can't use LinQ, I then need to put it in order alphabetically, and in order of iterations.
string = "hello world"
output =
D=1
E=1
H=1
L=3
O=2
R=1
W=1
L=3
O=2
D=1
E=1
H=1
R=1
W=1
What I have so far works just for the order alphabetically , not for the itterations.
public void testChar() {
string text = File.ReadAllText(# "C:\Ecole\Session 2\Prog\Bloc 4\test.txt")?.ToUpper();
text = Regex.Replace(text, # "[^a-zA-Z]", "");
List < char > listChar = new List < char > ();
foreach(char lettre in text) {
listChar.Add(lettre);
}
int countPosition = 0;
List < int > position = new List < int > ();
listOfChar.Add(listChar[0]);
listOfRepetitions.Add(1);
position.Add(countPosition);
int jumpFirstItteration = 0;
foreach(var item in listChar) {
if (jumpFirstItteration == 0) {
jumpFirstItteration++;
}
if (listOfChar.Contains(item)) {
int pos = listOfChar.IndexOf(item);
listOfRepetitions[pos] += 1;
} else if (!listOfChar.Contains(item)) {
listOfChar.Add(item);
listOfRepetitions.Add(1);
countPosition++;
position.Add(countPosition);
}
}
}
Please help :D

The canonical way of computing a concordance is to use an array of integers for counting the letters, the same size as the number of different letters in the text - in this case, just the normal uppercase alphabetic characters A-Z.
Then you iterate through the uppercased letters and if they are in range, increment the count corresponding to that letter.
To simplify this you can make two observations:
To convert a letter to an index, just subtract 'A' from the character code.
To convert an index to a letter, just add 'A' to the index and cast the result back to a char. (The cast is necessary because the result of adding an int to a char is an int, not a char.)
Once you've done that, you'll have all the counts for the characters in alphabetical order. However, you also need the letters in order of frequency of occurrence. To compute that, you can use an overload of Array.Sort() that takes two arrays: The first parameter is an array to sort, and the second parameter is an array to sort in the same way as the first array.
If you pass the array of counts as the first array, and an array of all the letters being counted in alphabetical order as the second array (i.e. the letters A..Z) then after sorting the second array will give you the letters in the correct order to display with the first array.
Putting all that together:
public void testChar()
{
string filename = #"C:\Ecole\Session 2\Prog\Bloc 4\test.txt";
string text = File.ReadAllText(filename).ToUpper();
int[] concordance = new int[26]; // 26 different letters of the alphabet to count.
foreach (char c in text)
{
int index = c - 'A'; // A..Z will convert to 0..25; other chars will be outside that range.
if (index >= 0 && index < 26)
++concordance[index];
}
// Display frequency in alphabetic order, omitting chars with 0 occurances.
for (int i = 0; i < concordance.Length; ++i)
{
if (concordance[i] > 0)
Console.WriteLine($"{(char)('A'+i)} = {concordance[i]}");
}
Console.WriteLine();
// For sorting by frequency we need another array of chars A..Z in alphabetical order.
char[] aToZ = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ".ToCharArray();
Array.Sort(concordance, aToZ);
// Display frequency in occurance order, omitting chars with 0 occurances.
for (int i = 0; i < concordance.Length; ++i)
{
if (concordance[i] > 0)
Console.WriteLine($"{aToZ[i]} = {concordance[i]}");
}
}

maybe add something like a sort function?
position.sort((a,b)=> if a < b return 1; if a > b return -1; return 0;)
This would be a normal sorting function based on their integer value, but since you are dealing with a list, it becomes a little more tedious.
position.sort((a,b)=> if a[i] < b[i] return 1; if a[i] > b[i] return -1; return 0;)
where i the index of integers to be compared
Forgive me, I come from java

Not necessarilly the most efficient, but works.
First, a simple letter class thant can compare its properies.
public class Letter
{
public char Symbole { get; set; }
public int Frequency { get; set; }
public int CompareLetter(object obj)
{
Letter other = obj as Letter;
if (other == null) return 1;
return this.Symbole.CompareTo(other.Symbole);
}
public int CompareFrequency(object obj)
{
Letter other = obj as Letter;
if (other == null) return 1;
return this.Frequency.CompareTo(other.Frequency);
}
}
Then a method to populate a List of Letter
public static List<Letter> ReturnLettersCount(string fileName)
{
string text;
List<Letter> letters = new List<Letter>();
using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(fileName))
{
text = sr.ReadToEnd().ToLower();
}
foreach (char c in text)
{
if (char.IsLetter(c))
{
Letter letter = letters.Find((letter) => letter.Symbole == c);
if (letter == null)
{
letters.Add(new Letter() { Symbole = c, Frequency = 1 });
}
else
{
letter.Frequency++;
}
}
}
return letters;
}
And a user code
static void Main(string[] args)
{
string fileName = #"path\to\your\textFile.txt";
List<Letter> letters = ReturnLettersCount(fileName);
letters.Sort( (a, b) => a.CompareLetter(b) );
foreach(Letter letter in letters)
{
Console.WriteLine($"{letter.Symbole}: {letter.Frequency}");
}
Console.WriteLine("--------------------------");
letters.Sort((b, a) => a.CompareFrequency(b));
foreach (Letter letter in letters)
{
Console.WriteLine($"{letter.Symbole}: {letter.Frequency}");
}
}

Without Linq and Dictionary it's like walking by foot to the grocery 20 miles away. ;)
//C# vs >= 8.0
using System;
using Entry = System.Collections.Generic.KeyValuePair<char, int>;
// class header ...
public static void Sort() {
var text = "hello world";
var contest = new System.Collections.Generic.List<Entry>(text.Length);
foreach (var c in text) {
if (!char.IsLetter(c)) {
continue;
}
var i = contest.FindIndex(kv => kv.Key == c);
if (i < 0) {
contest.Add(new(c, 1));
}
else {
contest[i] = new(c, contest[i].Value + 1);
}
}
contest.Sort((e1, e2) => e1.Key - e2.Key);
Console.Write("\n{0}\n\n", string.Join('\n', contest));
contest.Sort((e1, e2) => e2.Value - e1.Value);
Console.Write("\n{0}\n\n", string.Join('\n', contest));
}

A few suggestions that may come in handy.
You could build a container (the CharInfo class object here), to store the information you collect about each char found, it's position and how many times it's found in your text file.
This class container implements IComparable (the comparer just tests the char value, as an integer, against the char value of another object).
This makes it simple to sort a List<CharInfo>, just calling its Sort() method:
public class CharInfo : IComparable<CharInfo>
{
public CharInfo(char letter, int position) {
Character = letter;
Positions.Add(position);
}
public char Character { get; }
public int Occurrences { get; set; } = 1;
public List<int> Positions { get; } = new List<int>();
public static List<string> CharsFound { get; } = new List<string>();
public int CompareTo(CharInfo other) => this.Character - other.Character;
}
Since you can use the Regex class, you can then use Regex.Matches() to return all characters in the [a-zA-Z] range. Each Match object also stores the position where the character was found.
(As a note, you could just use the Matches collection and GroupBy() the results, but you cannot use LINQ and the other suggestions would just be mute :)
Looping the Matches collection, you test whether a char is already present in the list; if it is, add 1 to the Occurrences Property and add its position to the Positions Property.
If it's not already there, add a new CharInfo object to the collection. The constructor of the class takes a char and a position. The Occurrences Property defaults to 1 (you create a new CharInfo because you have found a new char, which is occurrence n° 1).
In the end, just Sort() the collection using its custom comparer. Sort() will call the IComparable.CompareTo() method of the class.
string text = File.ReadAllText([File Path]);
var matches = Regex.Matches(text, #"[a-zA-Z]", RegexOptions.Multiline);
var charsInfo = new List<CharInfo>();
foreach (Match m in matches) {
int pos = CharInfo.CharsFound.IndexOf(m.Value);
if (pos >= 0) {
charsInfo[pos].Occurrences += 1;
charsInfo[pos].Positions.Add(m.Index);
}
else {
CharInfo.CharsFound.Add(m.Value);
charsInfo.Add(new CharInfo(m.Value[0], m.Index));
}
}
// Sort the List<CharInfo> using the provided comparer
charsInfo.Sort();
Call CharInfo.CharsFound.Clear() before you search another text file.
You can then print the results as:
foreach (var chInfo in charsInfo) {
Console.WriteLine(
$"Char: {chInfo.Character} " +
$"Occurrences: {chInfo.Occurrences} " +
$"Positions: {string.Join(",", chInfo.Positions)}");
}
Note that upper and lower case chars are treated as distinct elements.
Modify as required.

How to create a sequence of strings between "start" and "end" strings [duplicate]

I have a question about iterate through the Alphabet.
I would like to have a loop that begins with "a" and ends with "z". After that, the loop begins "aa" and count to "az". after that begins with "ba" up to "bz" and so on...
Anybody know some solution?
Thanks
EDIT: I forgot that I give a char "a" to the function then the function must return b. if u give "bnc" then the function must return "bnd"

First effort, with just a-z then aa-zz
public static IEnumerable<string> GetExcelColumns()
{
for (char c = 'a'; c <= 'z'; c++)
{
yield return c.ToString();
}
char[] chars = new char[2];
for (char high = 'a'; high <= 'z'; high++)
{
chars[0] = high;
for (char low = 'a'; low <= 'z'; low++)
{
chars[1] = low;
yield return new string(chars);
}
}
}
Note that this will stop at 'zz'. Of course, there's some ugly duplication here in terms of the loops. Fortunately, that's easy to fix - and it can be even more flexible, too:
Second attempt: more flexible alphabet
private const string Alphabet = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
public static IEnumerable<string> GetExcelColumns()
{
return GetExcelColumns(Alphabet);
}
public static IEnumerable<string> GetExcelColumns(string alphabet)
{
foreach(char c in alphabet)
{
yield return c.ToString();
}
char[] chars = new char[2];
foreach(char high in alphabet)
{
chars[0] = high;
foreach(char low in alphabet)
{
chars[1] = low;
yield return new string(chars);
}
}
}
Now if you want to generate just a, b, c, d, aa, ab, ac, ad, ba, ... you'd call GetExcelColumns("abcd").
Third attempt (revised further) - infinite sequence
public static IEnumerable<string> GetExcelColumns(string alphabet)
{
int length = 0;
char[] chars = null;
int[] indexes = null;
while (true)
{
int position = length-1;
// Try to increment the least significant
// value.
while (position >= 0)
{
indexes[position]++;
if (indexes[position] == alphabet.Length)
{
for (int i=position; i < length; i++)
{
indexes[i] = 0;
chars[i] = alphabet[0];
}
position--;
}
else
{
chars[position] = alphabet[indexes[position]];
break;
}
}
// If we got all the way to the start of the array,
// we need an extra value
if (position == -1)
{
length++;
chars = new char[length];
indexes = new int[length];
for (int i=0; i < length; i++)
{
chars[i] = alphabet[0];
}
}
yield return new string(chars);
}
}
It's possible that it would be cleaner code using recursion, but it wouldn't be as efficient.
Note that if you want to stop at a certain point, you can just use LINQ:
var query = GetExcelColumns().TakeWhile(x => x != "zzz");
"Restarting" the iterator
To restart the iterator from a given point, you could indeed use SkipWhile as suggested by thesoftwarejedi. That's fairly inefficient, of course. If you're able to keep any state between call, you can just keep the iterator (for either solution):
using (IEnumerator<string> iterator = GetExcelColumns())
{
iterator.MoveNext();
string firstAttempt = iterator.Current;
if (someCondition)
{
iterator.MoveNext();
string secondAttempt = iterator.Current;
// etc
}
}
Alternatively, you may well be able to structure your code to use a foreach anyway, just breaking out on the first value you can actually use.

Edit: Made it do exactly as the OP's latest edit wants
This is the simplest solution, and tested:
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine(GetNextBase26("a"));
Console.WriteLine(GetNextBase26("bnc"));
}
private static string GetNextBase26(string a)
{
return Base26Sequence().SkipWhile(x => x != a).Skip(1).First();
}
private static IEnumerable<string> Base26Sequence()
{
long i = 0L;
while (true)
yield return Base26Encode(i++);
}
private static char[] base26Chars = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz".ToCharArray();
private static string Base26Encode(Int64 value)
{
string returnValue = null;
do
{
returnValue = base26Chars[value % 26] + returnValue;
value /= 26;
} while (value-- != 0);
return returnValue;
}

The following populates a list with the required strings:
List<string> result = new List<string>();
for (char ch = 'a'; ch <= 'z'; ch++){
result.Add (ch.ToString());
}
for (char i = 'a'; i <= 'z'; i++)
{
for (char j = 'a'; j <= 'z'; j++)
{
result.Add (i.ToString() + j.ToString());
}
}

I know there are plenty of answers here, and one's been accepted, but IMO they all make it harder than it needs to be. I think the following is simpler and cleaner:
static string NextColumn(string column){
char[] c = column.ToCharArray();
for(int i = c.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--){
if(char.ToUpper(c[i]++) < 'Z')
break;
c[i] -= (char)26;
if(i == 0)
return "A" + new string(c);
}
return new string(c);
}
Note that this doesn't do any input validation. If you don't trust your callers, you should add an IsNullOrEmpty check at the beginning, and a c[i] >= 'A' && c[i] <= 'Z' || c[i] >= 'a' && c[i] <= 'z' check at the top of the loop. Or just leave it be and let it be GIGO.
You may also find use for these companion functions:
static string GetColumnName(int index){
StringBuilder txt = new StringBuilder();
txt.Append((char)('A' + index % 26));
//txt.Append((char)('A' + --index % 26));
while((index /= 26) > 0)
txt.Insert(0, (char)('A' + --index % 26));
return txt.ToString();
}
static int GetColumnIndex(string name){
int rtn = 0;
foreach(char c in name)
rtn = rtn * 26 + (char.ToUpper(c) - '#');
return rtn - 1;
//return rtn;
}
These two functions are zero-based. That is, "A" = 0, "Z" = 25, "AA" = 26, etc. To make them one-based (like Excel's COM interface), remove the line above the commented line in each function, and uncomment those lines.
As with the NextColumn function, these functions don't validate their inputs. Both with give you garbage if that's what they get.

Here’s what I came up with.
/// <summary>
/// Return an incremented alphabtical string
/// </summary>
/// <param name="letter">The string to be incremented</param>
/// <returns>the incremented string</returns>
public static string NextLetter(string letter)
{
const string alphabet = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(letter))
{
char lastLetterInString = letter[letter.Length - 1];
// if the last letter in the string is the last letter of the alphabet
if (alphabet.IndexOf(lastLetterInString) == alphabet.Length - 1)
{
//replace the last letter in the string with the first leter of the alphbat and get the next letter for the rest of the string
return NextLetter(letter.Substring(0, letter.Length - 1)) + alphabet[0];
}
else
{
// replace the last letter in the string with the proceeding letter of the alphabet
return letter.Remove(letter.Length-1).Insert(letter.Length-1, (alphabet[alphabet.IndexOf(letter[letter.Length-1])+1]).ToString() );
}
}
//return the first letter of the alphabet
return alphabet[0].ToString();
}

just curious , why not just
private string alphRecursive(int c) {
var alphabet = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz".ToCharArray();
if (c >= alphabet.Length) {
return alphRecursive(c/alphabet.Length) + alphabet[c%alphabet.Length];
} else {
return "" + alphabet[c%alphabet.Length];
}
}

This is like displaying an int, only using base 26 in stead of base 10. Try the following algorithm to find the nth entry of the array
q = n div 26;
r = n mod 26;
s = '';
while (q > 0 || r > 0) {
s = alphabet[r] + s;
q = q div 26;
r = q mod 26;
}
Of course, if you want the first n entries, this is not the most efficient solution. In this case, try something like daniel's solution.

I gave this a go and came up with this:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace Alphabetty
{
class Program
{
const string alphabet = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
static int cursor = 0;
static int prefixCursor;
static string prefix = string.Empty;
static bool done = false;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
string s = string.Empty;
while (s != "Done")
{
s = GetNextString();
Console.WriteLine(s);
}
Console.ReadKey();
}
static string GetNextString()
{
if (done) return "Done";
char? nextLetter = GetNextLetter(ref cursor);
if (nextLetter == null)
{
char? nextPrefixLetter = GetNextLetter(ref prefixCursor);
if(nextPrefixLetter == null)
{
done = true;
return "Done";
}
prefix = nextPrefixLetter.Value.ToString();
nextLetter = GetNextLetter(ref cursor);
}
return prefix + nextLetter;
}
static char? GetNextLetter(ref int letterCursor)
{
if (letterCursor == alphabet.Length)
{
letterCursor = 0;
return null;
}
char c = alphabet[letterCursor];
letterCursor++;
return c;
}
}
}

Here is something I had cooked up that may be similar. I was experimenting with iteration counts in order to design a numbering schema that was as small as possible, yet gave me enough uniqueness.
I knew that each time a added an Alpha character, it would increase the possibilities 26x but I wasn't sure how many letters, numbers, or the pattern I wanted to use.
That lead me to the code below. Basically you pass it an AlphaNumber string, and every position that has a Letter, would eventually increment to "z\Z" and every position that had a Number, would eventually increment to "9".
So you can call it 1 of two ways..
//This would give you the next Itteration... (H3reIsaStup4dExamplf)
string myNextValue = IncrementAlphaNumericValue("H3reIsaStup4dExample")
//Or Loop it resulting eventually as "Z9zzZzzZzzz9zZzzzzzz"
string myNextValue = "H3reIsaStup4dExample"
while (myNextValue != null)
{
myNextValue = IncrementAlphaNumericValue(myNextValue)
//And of course do something with this like write it out
}
(For me, I was doing something like "1AA000")
public string IncrementAlphaNumericValue(string Value)
{
//We only allow Characters a-b, A-Z, 0-9
if (System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.IsMatch(Value, "^[a-zA-Z0-9]+$") == false)
{
throw new Exception("Invalid Character: Must be a-Z or 0-9");
}
//We work with each Character so it's best to convert the string to a char array for incrementing
char[] myCharacterArray = Value.ToCharArray();
//So what we do here is step backwards through the Characters and increment the first one we can.
for (Int32 myCharIndex = myCharacterArray.Length - 1; myCharIndex >= 0; myCharIndex--)
{
//Converts the Character to it's ASCII value
Int32 myCharValue = Convert.ToInt32(myCharacterArray[myCharIndex]);
//We only Increment this Character Position, if it is not already at it's Max value (Z = 90, z = 122, 57 = 9)
if (myCharValue != 57 && myCharValue != 90 && myCharValue != 122)
{
myCharacterArray[myCharIndex]++;
//Now that we have Incremented the Character, we "reset" all the values to the right of it
for (Int32 myResetIndex = myCharIndex + 1; myResetIndex < myCharacterArray.Length; myResetIndex++)
{
myCharValue = Convert.ToInt32(myCharacterArray[myResetIndex]);
if (myCharValue >= 65 && myCharValue <= 90)
{
myCharacterArray[myResetIndex] = 'A';
}
else if (myCharValue >= 97 && myCharValue <= 122)
{
myCharacterArray[myResetIndex] = 'a';
}
else if (myCharValue >= 48 && myCharValue <= 57)
{
myCharacterArray[myResetIndex] = '0';
}
}
//Now we just return an new Value
return new string(myCharacterArray);
}
}
//If we got through the Character Loop and were not able to increment anything, we retun a NULL.
return null;
}

Here's my attempt using recursion:
public static void PrintAlphabet(string alphabet, string prefix)
{
for (int i = 0; i < alphabet.Length; i++) {
Console.WriteLine(prefix + alphabet[i].ToString());
}
if (prefix.Length < alphabet.Length - 1) {
for (int i = 0; i < alphabet.Length; i++) {
PrintAlphabet(alphabet, prefix + alphabet[i]);
}
}
}
Then simply call PrintAlphabet("abcd", "");

How to reverse an array of strings without changing the position of special characters in C#

I'm working on reversing a sentence. I'm able to do it. But I'm not sure, how to reverse the word without changing the special characters positions. I'm using regex but as soon as it finds the special characters it's stopping the reversal of the word.
Following is the code:
Console.WriteLine("Enter:");
string w = Console.ReadLine();
string rw = String.Empty;
String[] arr = w.Split(' ');
var regexItem = new Regex("^[a-zA-Z0-9]*$");
StringBuilder appendString = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++)
{
char[] chararray = arr[i].ToCharArray();
for (int j = chararray.Length - 1; j >= 0; j--)
{
if (regexItem.IsMatch(rw))
{
rw = appendString.Append(chararray[j]).ToString();
}
}
sb.Append(' ');
}
Console.WriteLine(rw);
Console.ReadLine();
Example : Input
Marshall! Hello.
Expected output
llahsram! olleh.

A basic solution with regex and LINQ. Try it online.
public static void Main()
{
Console.WriteLine("Marshall! Hello.");
Console.WriteLine(Reverse("Marshall! Hello."));
}
public static string Reverse(string source)
{
// we split by groups to keep delimiters
var parts = Regex.Split(source, #"([^a-zA-Z0-9])");
// if we got a group of valid characters
var results = parts.Select(x => x.All(char.IsLetterOrDigit)
// we reverse it
? new string(x.Reverse().ToArray())
// or we keep the delimiters as it
: x);
// then we concat all of them
return string.Concat(results);
}
The same solution without LINQ. Try it online.
public static void Main()
{
Console.WriteLine("Marshall! Hello.");
Console.WriteLine(Reverse("Marshall! Hello."));
}
public static bool IsLettersOrDigits(string s)
{
foreach (var c in s)
{
if (!char.IsLetterOrDigit(c))
{
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
public static string Reverse(char[] s)
{
Array.Reverse(s);
return new string(s);
}
public static string Reverse(string source)
{
var parts = Regex.Split(source, #"([^a-zA-Z0-9])");
var results = new List<string>();
foreach(var x in parts)
{
results.Add(IsLettersOrDigits(x)
? Reverse(x.ToCharArray())
: x);
}
return string.Concat(results);
}

This is a solution without LINQ. I wasn't sure about what are considered special characters.
string sentence = "Marshall! Hello.";
List<string> words = sentence.Split(' ').ToList();
List<string> reversedWords = new List<string>();
foreach (string word in words)
{
char[] arr = new char[word.Length];
for( int i=0; i<word.Length; i++)
{
if(!Char.IsLetterOrDigit((word[i])))
{
for ( int x=0; x< i; x++)
{
arr[x] = arr[x + 1];
}
arr[i] = word[i];
}
else
{
arr[word.Length - 1 - i] = word[i];
}
}
reversedWords.Add(new string(arr));
}
string reversedSentence = string.Join(" ", reversedWords);
Console.WriteLine(reversedSentence);
And this is the output:
Updated Output = llahsraM! olleH.

Here is a non-regex version that does what you want:
var sentence = "Hello, john!";
var parts = sentence.Split(' ');
var reversed = new StringBuilder();
var charPositions = sentence.Select((c, idx) => new { Char = c, Index = idx })
.Where(_ => !char.IsLetterOrDigit(_.Char));
for (int i = 0; i < parts.Length; i++)
{
var chars = parts[i].ToCharArray();
for (int j = chars.Length - 1; j >= 0; j--)
{
if (char.IsLetterOrDigit(chars[j]))
{
reversed.Append(chars[j]);
}
}
}
foreach (var ch in charPositions)
{
reversed.Insert(ch.Index, ch.Char);
}
// olleH, nhoj!
Console.WriteLine(reversed.ToString());
Basically the trick is to remember the position of special (i.e. non letter or digit) characters and insert them at the end to those positions.

This solution is without LINQ and Regex. It may not be an efficient answer but working properly for small string values.
// This will reverse the string and special characters will just stay there.
public string ReverseString(string rString)
{
StringBuilder ss = new StringBuilder(rString);
int y = 0;
// The idea is to swap values. Like swapping first value with last one. It will keep swapping unless it reaches at the middle of the string where no swapping will be needed.
// This first loop is to detect first values.
for(int i=rString.Length-1;i>=0;i--)
{
// This condition is to check if the values is String or not. If it is not string then it is considered as special character which will just stay there at same old position.
if(Char.IsLetter(Convert.ToChar(rString.Substring(i,1))))
{
// This is second loop which is starting from end to swap values from end with first.
for (int k = y; k < rString.Length; k++)
{
// Again checking last values if values are string or not.
if (Char.IsLetter(Convert.ToChar(rString.Substring(k, 1))))
{
// This is swapping. So st1 is First value in that string
// st2 is the last item in that string
char st1 = Convert.ToChar(rString.Substring(k, 1));
char st2 = Convert.ToChar(rString.Substring(i, 1));
//This is swapping. So last item will go to first position and first item will go to last position, To make sure string is reversed.
// Remember when the string value is Special Character, swapping will move forward without swapping.
ss[rString.IndexOf(rString.Substring(i, 1))] = st1;
ss[rString.IndexOf(rString.Substring(k, 1))] = st2;
y++;
// When the swapping is done for first 2 items. The loop will stop to change the values.
break;
}
else
{
// This is just increment if value was Special character.
y++;
}
}
}
}
return ss.ToString();
}
Thanks!

C# iterate a continuously growing multi dimensional array

Imagine I wanted to iterate from A to Z. We would use either Foreach or For loop. After attaining Z I would then like to iterate from AA to ZZ, so it starts at AA, then goes to AB, AC...AZ, BA, BC..BZ..ZA,ZB, ZZ. At which point we would move to three chars, then 4 etc up to an undefined point.
Because we don't have a defined length for the array we cannot use nested for loops... so
Question: How can this be done?
Note, No code has been given because we all know how to foreach over an array and nest foreach loops.

Here's some code that will do what you want. Full explanation follows but in summary it takes advantage of the fact that once you have done all the letters of a given length you do A followed by that entire sequence again then B followed by the entire sequence again, etc.
private IEnumerable<string> EnumerateLetters()
{
int count = 1;
while (true)
{
foreach(var letters in EnumerateLetters(count))
{
yield return letters;
}
count++;
}
}
private IEnumerable<string> EnumerateLetters(int count)
{
if (count==0)
{
yield return String.Empty;
}
else
{
char letter = 'A';
while(letter<='Z')
{
foreach(var letters in EnumerateLetters(count-1))
{
yield return letter+letters;
}
letter++;
}
}
}
There are two methods. The first is the one that you call and will generate an infinite sequence of letters. The second does the recursion magic.
The first is pretty simple. it has a count of how many letters we are on, calls the second method with that count and then enumerates through them returning them. Once it has done all for one size it increases the count and loops.
The second method is the one that does the magic. It takes in a count for the number of letters in the generated string. If the count is zero it returns an empty string and breaks.
If the count is more than one it will loop through the letters A to Z and for each letter it will append the sequence that it one shorter than it to the A. Then for the B and so on.
This will then keep going indefinitely.
The sequence will keep generating indefinitely. Because it uses recursion it would be theoretically possible to start stack overflowing if your letter string becomes too long but at one level of recursion per letter in the string you will need to be getting up to very long strings before you need to worry about that (and I suspect if you've gone that far in a loop that you'll run into other problems first).
The other key point (if you are not aware) is that yield return uses deferred execution so it will generate each new element in the sequence as it is needed so it will only generate as many items as you ask for. If you iterate through five times it will only generate A-E and won't have wasted any time thinking about what comes next.

Yet another generator (adding 1 to a number with radix == 26: A stands for 0, B for 1, ... Z for 25):
// please, notice, that Generator() can potentially spawn ifinitely many items
private static IEnumerable<String> Generator() {
char[] data = new char[] { 'A' }; // number to start with - "A"
while (true) {
yield return new string(data);
// trying to add one
for (int i = data.Length - 1; i >= 0; --i)
if (data[i] == 'Z')
data[i] = 'A';
else {
data[i] = (char) (data[i] + 1);
break;
}
// have we exhausted N-length numbers?
if (data.All(item => item == 'A'))
data = Enumerable
.Repeat('A', data.Length + 1) // ... continue with N + 1-length numbers
.ToArray();
}
}
Test
// take first 1000 items:
foreach (var item in Generator().Take(1000))
Console.WriteLine(item);
Outcome
A
B
C
..
X
Y
Z
AA
AB
..
AZ
BA
BB
BC
..
ZY
ZZ
AAA
AAB
AAC
..
ALK
ALL

You could do something like this, it gives me unending output of your pattern (sorry, not exact your pattern, but you understand how to do it)
public static IEnumerable<string> Produce()
{
string seed = "A";
int i = 0;
while (true)
{
yield return String.Join("", Enumerable.Repeat(seed, i));
if (seed == "Z")
{
seed = "A";
i++;
}
else
{
seed = ((char)(seed[0]+1)).ToString();
}
}
}
And than :
foreach (var s in Produce())
{
//Do something
}
EDIT I have desired output with this method :
public static IEnumerable<string> Produce()
{
int i = 1;
while (true)
{
foreach(var c in produceAmount(i))
{
yield return c;
}
i++;
}
}
private static IEnumerable<string> produceAmount(int i)
{
var firstRow = Enumerable.Range('A', 'Z' - 'A'+1).Select(x => ((char)x).ToString());
if (i >= 1)
{
var second = produceAmount(i - 1);
foreach (var c in firstRow)
{
foreach (var s in second)
{
yield return c + s;
}
}
}
else
{
yield return "";
}
}

The way to go is to use simple recursive approach. C# is a good language to present an idea with the use of generators:
private static IEnumerable<string> EnumerateLetters(int length) {
for (int i = 1; i <= length; i++) {
foreach (var letters in EnumerateLettersExact(i)) {
yield return letters;
}
}
}
private static IEnumerable<string> EnumerateLettersExact(int length) {
if (length == 0) {
yield return "";
}
else {
for (char c = 'A'; c <= 'Z'; ++c) {
foreach (var letters in EnumerateLettersExact(length - 1)) {
yield return c + letters;
}
}
}
}
private static void Main(string[] args) {
foreach (var letters in EnumerateLetters(2)) {
Console.Write($"{letters} ");
}
}
EnumerateLetters generates successive sequences of letters. The parameter decides up to which length would you like to request sequences.
EnumerateLettersExact takes care of generating sequences recursively. It can either be empty or is a concatenation of some letter with all sequences of shorter length.

Your're about to have an array from A to Z [A,...,Z].
Then your going to make multiple for loops
for example:
PSEUDOCODE
foreach(in array){
first = declare first variable (array)
foreach(in array{
second =declare 2nd variable (array)
return first + second
}
}

Try the following. This is a method to generate the appropriate string for a given number. You can write a for loop for however many number of iterations you want.
string SingleEntry(int number)
{
char[] array = " ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ".ToArray();
Stack<string> entry = new Stack<string>();
List<string> list = new List<string>();
int bas = 26;
int remainder = number, index = 0;
do
{
if ((remainder % bas) == 0)
{
index = bas;
remainder--;
}
else
index = remainder % bas;
entry.Push(array[index].ToString());
remainder = remainder / bas;
}
while (remainder != 0);
string s = "";
while (entry.Count > 0)
{
s += entry.Pop();
}
return s;
}