I have a native, unmanaged C++ DLL (symulator.dll) which I have to load in and call from a managed C# application.
The DLL utilizes C++ classes and dynamic memory allocation (via the new operator).
It exports a function called Init and its definition is as follows:
extern "C" __declspec( dllexport ) int Init( void )
{
sym = new CSymulator();
sym->Init();
return 0;
}
The CSymulator class contained within the DLL has a rather simple constructor:
CSymulator::CSymulator( void )
{
memset( mem, 0, sizeof( mem ) );
memset( &rmr, 0, sizeof( rmr ) );
md = 0;
ma = 0;
tacts = 0;
}
The CSymulator::Init() method, called by the Init() function exported by the DLL, is defined as follows:
int CSymulator::Init( void )
{
int *a = new int;
*a = 1;
FILE *f = fopen( "tmp.log", "wb" );
fprintf( f, "%i", *a );
fclose( f );
delete a;
return 0;
}
I am loading the native C++ DLL into the managed C# application using this code:
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public IntPtr SimHandle;
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
private static extern IntPtr LoadLibrary(string libname);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
private static extern bool FreeLibrary(IntPtr hModule);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)]
private static extern IntPtr GetProcAddress(IntPtr hModule, string lpProcName);
delegate int SimInit();
SimInit DLL_Init;
public void InicjujDLL()
{
IntPtr adres;
adres = GetProcAddress(SimHandle, "Init");
DLL_Init = (SimInit)Marshal.GetDelegateForFunctionPointer(adres, typeof(SimInit));
int rc = DLL_Init();
}
private void WczytajDLL()
{
String fileName = "D:\\prg\\kompilator\\Debug DLL\\symulator.dll";
SimHandle = LoadLibrary(fileName);
if (SimHandle == IntPtr.Zero)
{
int errorCode = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
throw new Exception(string.Format("Blad przy wczytywaniu biblioteki ({0})", errorCode));
}
else
{
InicjujDLL();
}
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
WczytajDLL();
}
}
This code should produce a file named tmp.log with the content of 1 in it. But for some reason, tmp.log contains garbage data (a random 32-bit integer value instead of 1; for example, 2550276).
It's not the only function that produces garbage output. Any DLL function that tries to allocate memory dynamically is unable to use it after doing so.
It's as if the native C++ DLL is somehow getting its memory purged by the C# garbage collector.
How to prevent this behavior?
Wait a sec: Look at the reference below:
[UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
private delegate int MultiplyByTen(int numberToMultiply);
I didn't notice that your delegate doesn't have the same attribute.
For reference, I don't see anything unusual in how you are doing the LoadLibrary:
Dynamically Loading a Native Library
I have done this myself using the exact reference without a problem. I would suggest removing ALL code temporarily that executes inside the DLL and just do a simple pass-through value. Right now Init() is always returning 0. Try something else since you have zeroed out memory before, getting a zero back may just be a side-effect of the mem-zero op. Return 1974 or something.
Ensure you have allow unsafe code enabled and use the memory viewer to look at the stack (you are getting a pointer back so you have a starting point). If you do this beside the IL, you might spot where your memory is getting trashed.
HTH
Related
I have a function in socket.dll library as below:
__declspec(dllexport) string GetPib(const wchar_t* pib_key_chars)
{
wstring ws(pib_key_chars);
std::string pib_key(ws.begin(), ws.end());
cout << "In GetPib" << " and pib_key in string=" << pib_key << endl;
Pib pb;
return std::to_string(pb.Get(phyFskTxPacket, 0));
}
When i use "dumpbin /exports socket.dll" to check the GetPib function of socket.dll signature it returns
1 0 00011370 ?GetPib##YA?AV?$basic_string#DU?$char_traits#D#std##V?
$allocator#D#2##std##V12##Z = #ILT+875(?GetPib##YA?AV?$basic_string#DU?
$char_traits#D#std##V?$allocator#D#2##std##V12##Z)
I am using the same signature in the C# project(WindowsFormsApp1) to call/invoke GetPib function.
Below is the C# source code to invoke GetPib function:
namespace WindowsFormsApp1
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
[DllImport("socket.dll", EntryPoint = "?GetPib##YA?AV?$basic_string#DU?$char_traits#D#std##V?$allocator#D#2##std##PB_W#Z", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
public static extern string GetPib([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string pib_key);
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void GetPib_button_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
String str = pib_id_tbox.Text;
pib_uvalue_tbox.Text = GetPib(str);
}
}
When I invoke GetPib function like GetPib(0x1004xxx4), it invokes the socket.dll's GetPib function but the value is different with special characters
str=0x10040004 tr=268697604-----> in C# file
In GetPib and pib_key in string=h䤰„------> in C++ .dll file
How to fix this issue.
First of all, wrap the unmanaged function declaration in extern "C" to eliminate the mangling and rewrite the unmanaged function to something more sensible for interop with managed code.
extern "C" {
__declspec(dllexport) int GetPib(const char* pib_key_chars, char *result, int len) {
cout << "In GetPib" << " and pib_key in string=" << pib_key_chars << endl;
Pib pb;
string packet = std:to_string(pb.Get(phyFskTxPacket, 0);
int n = (int)packet.length;
if (n < len) {
packet.copy(result, n, 0);
result[n] = '\0';
}
return n + 1;
}
}
In this rewrite, we are passing the managed string, an allocated buffer to hold the result, and the length of that buffer. This version handles char* strings. If you need to use wchar_t* wide strings, it should be trivial to convert it. The main thing to note is that we are not using any C++ types as parameters to the function, since the interop marshaller has no way of knowing how to deal with those types. We are only using language primitives.
The managed P/Invoke signature would look like this:
[DllImport("socket.dll", EntryPoint="GetPib")]
public static extern int GetPib(([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string keyChars, IntPtr buffer, int len);
To call it:
private void GetPib_button_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
int needed = GetPib(pib_id_tbox.Text, IntPtr.Zero, 0);
IntPtr p = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(needed);
GetPib(pib_id_tbox.Text, p, needed);
pib_uvalue_tbox.Text = Marshal.PtrToStringAuto(p);
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(p);
}
Here we are allocating unmanaged memory so that the GC won't move it around while we are interoperating with unmanaged code. The unmanaged function will fill the buffer with the resulting char*, which we convert back into a managed string with PtrToStringAuto(). Then we free the unmanaged memory.
I followed this link
https://answers.unity.com/questions/142150/passing-strings-to-and-from-a-c-dll.html
I modified GetPib api in C++
__declspec(dllexport) string GetPib(const wchar_t* pib_key_chars)
to
extern BSTR __declspec(dllexport) GetPib(BSTR pib_key_chars)
Modified C# file from
[DllImport("socket.dll", EntryPoint = "?GetPib##YA?AV?$basic_string#DU?$char_traits#D#std##V?$allocator#D#2##std##PB_W#Z", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
public static extern string GetPib([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string pib_key);
to
[DllImport("socket.dll", EntryPoint = "?GetPib##YAPA_WPA_W#Z", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)]
public static extern string GetPib(string str);
and it solved my problem!!!!!!
I am trying to create and pass an array of pointers to an unmanaged DLL function using the following C# code.
[DllImport("libantumbra.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
public static extern uint AnCtx_Init(IntPtr ctx);
//create context
this.ptr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(IntPtr)));
AnCtx_Init(ptr);//returns 0 (non-error)
this.ctx = (IntPtr)Marshal.PtrToStructure(ptr, typeof(IntPtr));
[DllImport("libantumbra.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
public static extern int AnDevice_GetList(IntPtr ctx, out IntPtr outdevs, out int outndevs);
IntPtr devs, ndevs;
AnDevice_GetList(ctx, out devs, out ndevs); //exception occurs here
However upon my last call I receive an AccessViolationException. I think it has to do with the array pointer I am passing however I have not been able to find a solution.
The end goal I am trying to achieve here is to pass a pointer to AnDevice_GetList and with the parameter outdevs be left with an array that has been populated by the DLL.
Let me know if you need any further info or have any ideas for me to try.
Edit:
Here is the function I am trying to call.
Header file:
An_DLL AnError AnDevice_GetList(AnCtx *ctx, AnDeviceInfo ***outdevs,
size_t *outndevs);
typedef struct AnDevice AnDevice;
typedef int AnError;
typedef struct AnCtx AnCtx;
And implementation:
AnError AnDevice_GetList(AnCtx *ctx, AnDeviceInfo ***outdevs, size_t *outndevs)
{
An_LOG(ctx, AnLog_DEBUG, "enumerate devices...");
libusb_device **udevs;
ssize_t ndevs = libusb_get_device_list(ctx->uctx, &udevs);
if (ndevs < 0) {
An_LOG(ctx, AnLog_ERROR, "libusb_get_device_list: %s",
libusb_strerror(ndevs));
return AnError_LIBUSB;
}
AnDeviceInfo **devs = malloc((ndevs + 1) * sizeof *devs);
if (!devs) {
An_LOG(ctx, AnLog_ERROR, "malloc: %s", strerror(errno));
return AnError_MALLOCFAILED;
}
memset(devs, 0, (ndevs + 1) * sizeof *devs);
size_t j = 0;
for (ssize_t i = 0; i < ndevs; ++i) {
libusb_device *udev = udevs[i];
AnDeviceInfo info;
An_LOG(ctx, AnLog_DEBUG, "device: bus %03d addr %03d",
libusb_get_bus_number(udev), libusb_get_device_address(udev));
if (populate_info(ctx, &info, udev))
continue;
An_LOG(ctx, AnLog_DEBUG, "vid 0x%04x pid 0x%04x",
info.devdes.idVendor, info.devdes.idProduct);
if (!match_vid_pid(info.devdes.idVendor, info.devdes.idProduct)) {
An_LOG(ctx, AnLog_DEBUG, " does not match Antumbra VID/PID");
continue;
}
devs[j] = malloc(sizeof *devs[j]);
if (!devs[j]) {
An_LOG(ctx, AnLog_ERROR, "malloc: %s", strerror(errno));
continue;
}
libusb_ref_device(udev);
*devs[j] = info;
++j;
}
libusb_free_device_list(udevs, 1);
*outdevs = devs;
*outndevs = j;
return AnError_SUCCESS;
}
Your unmanaged function is declared like this:
AnError AnDevice_GetList(AnCtx *ctx, AnDeviceInfo ***outdevs, size_t *outndevs)
You should translate that as:
[DllImport("libantumbra.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
public static extern int AnDevice_GetList(IntPtr ctx, out IntPtr outdevs,
out IntPtr outndevs);
And this is almost exactly as you have done. The only differences are that the return value is int and the outndevs parameter is of type IntPtr. That's because size_t is pointer sized on the platforms that I am aware of.
Call it like this:
IntPtr ctx = ...; // create a context somehow
IntPtr devs;
IntPtr ndevs;
int retval = AnDevice_GetList(ctx, out devs, out ndevs);
if (retval != AnError_SUCCESS)
// handle error
So, where could your code be going wrong? One likely explanation is that the context that you pass is invalid. Another possibility is that you execute 64 bit code and the incorrect size of outndevs in your translation caused the error.
This is a pretty hard API to call using p/invoke. What can you do now with devs. You can copy the values into an IntPtr[] array easily enough. And presumably the library has functions that operate on these opaque device pointers. But you have to keep hold of devs and pass it back to the library to deallocate it. Presumably the library exports a function to do that?
Based on your comments and various updates, it looks like you are not getting a proper context. We can only guess, but I expect that AnCtx_Init is declared as
AnError AnCtx_Init(AnCtx **octx)
That is a pointer to opaque context AnCtx*. Translate that as:
[DllImport("libantumbra.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
public static extern int AnCtx_Init(out IntPtr octx);
Call it like this:
IntPtr ctx;
int retval = AnCtx_Init(out ctx);
if (retval != AnError_SUCCESS)
// handle error
The big thing that you have to do now is start checking for errors. Unmanaged code won't throw exceptions. You need to do error checking yourself. It is laborious, but it must be done. Take it one function at a time. Once you are sure a function call is working, move on to the next.
Some things don't make sense in your example. You create ptr2 and allocate space for it but never copy anything into that space, and you don't pass it to your AnDevice_GetList function so that seems completely unnecessary. You create ptArray but never use it anywhere either.
In this code, you're creating a managed array of IntPtr structures, and allocating memory for each of them to point to, and the size of what they are pointing to is the size of a single pointer:
IntPtr[] ptArray = new IntPtr[] {
Marshal.AllocHGlobal(IntPtr.Size),
Marshal.AllocHGlobal(IntPtr.Size)
};
To really help we need a clear understanding of exactly what AnDevice_GetList is going to do. If AnDevice_GetList is populating an array of pointers, what do they point to? Do they point to structures that were allocated by AnDevice_GetList? If so, then what you want to do is to create an array of IntPtr and pin it while you make the unmanaged call. Since you're creating an array for the call to fill, do NOT pass the array as an out parameter.
[DllImport("libsomething.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
public static extern uint AnDevice_GetList(IntPtr outdevs);
IntPtr[] ptArray = new IntPtr[numberOfPointersRequired];
GCHandle handle = GCHandle.Alloc(ptArray);
try
{
AnDevice_GetList(handle.AddrOfPinnedObject());
}
finally
{
handle.Free();
}
I left off the other parameters, because I have no idea what you're doing with them or how you're expecting them to be handled.
I have an one question when I use C# DllImport C++ dll, I use the visual studio 2010 & checked the "Enable unmanaged code debugging", when it's running, always show the message "Buffer overrun detected! ... A buffer overrun has been detected which has corrupted the program's internal state. The program cannot safely continue execution and must now be terminated."
This dll is Third-party vendors to provide, and they says it's no error to run this dll, how can i fixed it?
My M++ dll function is,
int avc_to_avi_convert(char* chPath_avc, char* chPath_avi, int pPrivate, PROGRESS_CALLBACK progress_callback);
void avc_to_avi_close(int* pFd_avi);
typedef void (*PROGRESS_CALLBACK)(int iPercent, int pPrivate);
And i am use it in my C# dllimport like this :
public delegate void PROGRESS_CALLBACK(int _iPercent, int _pPrivate);
[DllImportAttribute(#"..\xxx.dll", EntryPoint = "avc_to_avi_convert", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
public static extern unsafe int avc_to_avi_convert([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] StringBuilder _inputAVC, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] StringBuilder _ouputAVI, int pPrivate, PROGRESS_CALLBACK _pg);
[DllImportAttribute(#"..\xxx.dll", EntryPoint = "avc_to_avi_close", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
public static extern unsafe void avc_to_avi_close(int pFd_avi);
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
int i = 0;
StringBuilder inputFile = new StringBuilder(Application.StartupPath + #"\avc\abc.avc");//(#"C:\avc\abc.avc");
StringBuilder outputFile = new StringBuilder(Application.StartupPath + #"\avi\abc.avi");//(#"C:\avi\abc.avi");
if (avc_to_avi_convert(
inputFile,
outputFile,
1,
progress_func) > 0) {
}
}
public void progress_func(int iProgress, int pPrivate)
{
if (iProgress == 100)
{
//success
}
else if (iProgress == -1)
{
//convert error
}
else if (iProgress == -2)
{
//Not enough disk space
}
else
{
//update progress
}
}
I changed my code to,
[DllImportAttribute(#"..\xxx.dll", EntryPoint = "avc_to_avi_convert", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
public static extern unsafe int avc_to_avi_convert([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] String _inputAVC, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] String _ouputAVI, int pPrivate, PROGRESS_CALLBACK _pg);
[DllImportAttribute(#"..\xxx.dll", EntryPoint = "avc_to_avi_close", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
public static extern void avc_to_avi_close(ref int avi);
And ran it, and I still get the same error.
1.) Are you sure about the calling convention? Try CallingConvention.StdCall. Read this:
http://blogs.msdn.com/b/adam_nathan/archive/2003/05/21/56690.aspx
2.) Try a different values for the CharSet attribute and use String instead of StringBuilder for the path arguments. This is a good reference:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/s9ts558h.aspx
3.) Also, the avc_to_avi_close method should look like this:
[DllImportAttribute("xxx.dll", EntryPoint="avc_to_avi_close")]
public static extern void avc_to_avi_close(ref int avi);
4.) Other things you my want to try:
Use unusual combinations of CharSet and MarshalAs. For example you know from the link above that Unicode should be used with LPWStr and Ansi with LPStr but you can of course try other combinations.
Your extern methods need not to be marked unsafe.
If you have exhausted all other options, why don't you try to write a C++ program that is analogous to your C# code:
If it crashes you proved that the error is in the library.
If it doesn't crash you know the error is in your use of PInovke, and you can go through all the 12+ combinations from my answer one by one.
You are passing a delegate to p/invoke and then letting the garbage collector free it. This causes the crash, because when the delegate object is finalized, the trampoline set up to allow calls from native code is deallocated. Then the native code invokes a dangling function pointer.
The garbage collector is totally unaware of any objects being used from inside native code. You MUST keep a reference to the delegate alive for the duration of the call. Try adding a delegate variable (don't use implicit conversion which creates a temporary) and then use GCHandle to keep the delegate alive for as long as the native code is using it.
I was given a block of c++ code that looks like it was from a c++ app that makes use of
Shared Memory for sending messages to other programs.
The c++ code has no #include or anything yet. I was given the code to use in my C# application and I am pretty stuck. I somewhat understand what the code does, but I don't know it well enough to translate it to C# as I am pretty new to coding.
My question is, what is the easiest way to be able to use the functionality of the code in my project? The end result is to send messages to another program, that will in turn do something that I'm not worried about.
I have tried creating different c++ projects and file types in my solution to link them using a reference later on, but I can never get it to compile properly.
Please let me know if you have some advice or a good place to look. I can always provide more information.
Code (I had to remove comments, sorry):
UINT WM_HELO_ZOOM_XYZ = RegisterWindowMessage("WM_HELO_ZOOM_XYZ");
int HELO_Broadcast_Zoom_Message(
double dbX,
double dbY,
double dbZ,
UINT uMessage=WM_HELO_ZOOM_XYZ) {
#ifndef HELO_
typedef struct {
UINT uMajVersion;
UINT uMinVersion;
DWORD dwReserved;
double dbX;
double dbY;
double dbZ;
} HELOCoordsStruct;
#endif
char *szSharedMemory = "HELO-_Coords";
char szErr[_MAX_PATH*3];
HANDLE hMem = OpenFileMapping(FILE_MAP_WRITE, FALSE, szSharedMemory);
if (NULL == hMem) {
return(0);
}
void *pvHead = MapViewOfFile(hMem, FILE_MAP_WRITE, 0,0,0);
if (NULL == pvHead) {
CloseHandle(hMem);
sprintf(szErr, "Unable to view", szSharedMemory);
AfxMessageBox(szErr, MB_OK|MB_ICONSTOP);
return(0);
}
HELOCoordsStruct *pHELOCoords = (HELOCoordsStruct *)pvHead;
BOOL bVersionOk=FALSE;
if (1 == pHELOCoords->uMajorVersion) {
if (WM_HELO_ZOOM_XYZ==uMessage) {
pHELOCoords->dbX = dbX;
pHELOCoords->dbY = dbY;
pHELOCoords->dbZ = dbZ;
}
bVersionOk=TRUE;
}
else {
sprintf(szErr, "Unrecognized HELO- shared memory version: %d.%d", pHELOCoords->uMajVersion, pHELOCoords->uMinVersion);
AfxMessageBox(szErr, MB_OK);
}
if (NULL != hMem) CloseHandle(hMem);
UnmapViewOfFile(pvHead);
if (bVersionOk) {
PostMessage(HWND_BROADCAST,uMessage,0,0);
return(1);
}
else return(0);
}
EDIT: The feedback has been completely unreal. I must say that the community sure spoils folks around here.
Thanks,
Kevin
I think you have three options:
Create a Managed C++ project of type Class Library, put the code in it, make a reference from your main app to this project.
Create an unmanaged C++ DLL project, put the code in a function (or functions), export the function(s) (using .def file), and build the project. Use the functions from that dll using [DllImport] attribute. (See here and here)
Convert the code to C#. This will require some knowledge of unmanaged code, Win32 and P/Invoke (See here and here). And as I see your code, it is takes a little time!
Here is your converted code (option 3):
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace UnmanagedBlock
{
public class ConvertedClass
{
public uint WM_HELO_ZOOM_XYZ = RegisterWindowMessageA("WM_HELO_ZOOM_XYZ"); // Your code uses the ANSI string
int HELO_Broadcast_Zoom_Message(
double dbX, double dbY, double dbZ, uint uMessage) // Porting the default value for 'uMessage' is not possible
{
string szSharedMemory = "HELO-_Coords";
IntPtr hMem = OpenFileMapping(FileMapAccessRights.Write, FALSE, szSharedMemory);
if (IntPtr.Zero == hMem)
return 0;
IntPtr pvHead = MapViewOfFile(hMem, FileMapAccessRights.Write, 0, 0, UIntPtr.Zero);
if (IntPtr.Zero == pvHead)
{
CloseHandle(hMem);
MessageBox.Show(
"Unable to view " + szSharedMemory, // Your code does not concat these two strings.
"Error", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Stop);
return 0;
}
HELOCoordsStruct pHELOCoords = new HELOCoordsStruct();
Marshal.PtrToStructure(pvHead, pHELOCoords);
int bVersionOk = FALSE;
if (1 == pHELOCoords.uMajVersion) // I think it had a typo (it was uMajorVersion)
{
if (WM_HELO_ZOOM_XYZ == uMessage)
{
pHELOCoords.dbX = dbX;
pHELOCoords.dbY = dbY;
pHELOCoords.dbZ = dbZ;
}
Marshal.StructureToPtr(pHELOCoords, pvHead, false);
bVersionOk = TRUE;
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show(
"Unrecognized HELO- shared memory version: " +
pHELOCoords.uMajVersion.ToString() + "." + pHELOCoords.uMinVersion.ToString());
}
if (IntPtr.Zero != hMem)
CloseHandle(hMem);
UnmapViewOfFile(pvHead);
if (bVersionOk == TRUE)
{
PostMessage(HWND_BROADCAST, uMessage, 0, 0);
return 1;
}
else
return 0;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private class HELOCoordsStruct
{
public uint uMajVersion;
public uint uMinVersion;
public uint dwReserved;
public double dbX;
public double dbY;
public double dbZ;
}
[DllImport("user32", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
public static extern uint RegisterWindowMessageW([In]string lpString);
[DllImport("user32", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall, CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)]
public static extern uint RegisterWindowMessageA([In]string lpString);
[DllImport("kernel32", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern IntPtr OpenFileMapping(FileMapAccessRights dwDesiredAccess, int bInheritHandle, [In]String lpName);
[DllImport("kernel32", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern IntPtr MapViewOfFile(IntPtr hFileMappingObject, FileMapAccessRights dwDesiredAccess, uint dwFileOffsetHigh, uint dwFileOffsetLow, UIntPtr dwNumberOfBytesToMap);
[DllImport("kernel32", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern int UnmapViewOfFile(IntPtr lpBaseAddress);
[DllImport("kernel32", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern int CloseHandle(IntPtr hObject);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr PostMessage(IntPtr hWnd, uint msg, int wParam, int lParam);
public const int FALSE = 0, TRUE = 1;
public enum FileMapAccessRights : uint
{
Write = 0x2,
Read = 0x4,
Execute = 0x20,
}
public const IntPtr HWND_BROADCAST = (IntPtr)0xffff;
}
}
I've done an exact conversion and I think that it should work fine, however I have not tested it.
Let me know if it works.
You can dump the C++ code into a Visual C++ project and build that. When you build it, go into the project settings and select the option that generates tlb files (It's a proxy class for c++/.net interop, I can't remember the name of the option).
Once you have this, you can add a reference to the tlb interop assembly from a C# project.
Also, look here for a Microsoft example http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/fx82zhxa.aspx
Chances are that if you post the code here, some nice person will port the code from C++ to C# for you. However, for future reference when dealing with using native C++ code from within a .NET application, you can use the InteropServices of the .NET framework to reference native functions in native dlls.
To do this requires a few steps on both the C++ and C# side of things. Firstly you need to build your entry point as an exported function in C++.
For example, say I wanted to write a trivial C++ function to add 2 numbers together and then call it from a C# app, I would have to do the following:
Step 1: Writing the C++ function.
In order for external sources to locate your functions, you need to let the compiler know that the function is to be 'exported'. A point to note is that if you're calling other functions from within your exported function, you do not need to mark them all as exported.
So let's write the "add" function in C++:
#define DLLEXPORT extern "C" declspec(dllexport)
DLLEXPORT int __cdecl add(int x, int y)
{
return (x + y);
}
The first line defines a macro we'll use to mark exported methods. The extern "C" part tells the compiler to avoid mangling the exported name of the function (so it will always be 'add', and not something like #YZadd_), next comes the function definition marked as a DLLEXPORT. Before I continue there's one more point on the 'name mangling' in exported functions, and that is for functions declared __stdcall or any of its variations (WINAPI..etc). Functions that are marked for exporting and declared with extern "C" with the calling convention __stdcall will always be appended with #X where X is the number of bytes of the function paramaters (so for the above example if add was declared __stdcall then the exported function name would be add#8. Just keep this in mind if C# ever has trouble locating your functions.
Now, the C++ side of things is done, compile that as a DLL and move over to C#.
In C# it's rather straightforward to import external functions. First you'll need to reference the InteropServices namespace:
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
And then you will need to make a [DllImport] declaration:
[DllImport(#"path to your C++ dll here")]
public static extern int add(int x, int y) //make sure the function definition matches.
Provided the function names match, that should be all that's required to import the function. Now you can call add just as you would any normal function in C#
int x = 5;
int y = 10;
int z = add(x, y); //z should be 10
That about concludes how to simply export C++ functions and call them from a C# application.
If you can't get the C++ code to work as-is then there's no point trying to graft it into your C# app.
Figure out the C++ code first (read MSDN documentation for the APIs used, ask the person that gave you the code, post specific questions). Once you understand it better and can make it work then you'll have a better chance of figuring out the best way to do what's needed in C#.
I'm trying to write plugin dll which has to implement the following function:
int GetFunctionTable(FuncDescStruct **ppFunctionTable);
So my plugin code in C# declares this:
public static unsafe int GetFunctionTable(IntPtr functionTablePtr);
This function will be called and expected to fill functionTablePtr with pointer to array of structs describing set of callback functions.
In plain C/C++ it looks something like:
// declare func table
// VExampleF1, VExampleF2 - are function pointers
FuncDescStruct funcTable[] = {
"ExampleF1", { VExampleF1, 0, 0, 0, 0, NULL }, //filling descriptions.
"ExampleF2", { VExampleF2, 1, 0, 1, 0, NULL }
};
int GetFunctionTable(FuncDescStruct **ppFunctionTable)
{
*ppFunctionTable = funcTable; // how to do this correctly in C#?
// must return the number of functions in the table
return funcTableSize;
}
I'm trying to do the following:
static unsafe FunctionTag[] funcTable;
static List<IntPtr> allocatedMemory;
public static unsafe int GetFunctionTable(IntPtr functionTablePtr)
{
//create just one test callback description
funcTable = new FunctionTag[1];
funcTable[0].Name = "VExampleF1";
funcTable[0].Description.Function = VExampleF1;
funcTable[0].Description.ArrayQty = 0;
funcTable[0].Description.FloatQty = 0;
funcTable[0].Description.StringQty = 0;
funcTable[0].Description.DefaultQty = 0;
funcTable[0].Description.DefaultValues = null;
// saving allocated memory for further cleanup
allocatedMemory = new List<IntPtr>();
int intPtrSize = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(IntPtr));
IntPtr nativeArray = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(intPtrSize * funcTable.Length);
for (int i = 0; i < funcTable.Length; i++)
{
IntPtr nativeFD = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(FunctionTag)));
allocatedMemory.Add(nativeFD);
Marshal.StructureToPtr(funcTable[i], nativeFD, false);
Marshal.WriteIntPtr(nativeArray, i * intPtrSize, nativeFD);
}
Marshal.WriteIntPtr(functionTablePtr, nativeArray);
return funcTable.Length;
}
Such code doesn't work, and the question is how to send a pointer to array of managed structs for use by unmanaged code? In which direction should I go?
We've been doing quite a lot of this sort of thing over the last couple of years.
We use a mixed-mode 'bridge' assembly to manage mapping function calls and marshalling data between managed and unmanaged environments. We often use a 'mixed-mode' class to wrap a managed class, providing a native interface for calling it's functionality.
Let's consider your problem. You could write GetFunctionTable in managed c++. It can call some managed c# code to get the function information in a managed struct, and then 'marshall' it into the native struct.
In (c#) a managed version of GetFunctionTable function:
delegate void FunctionDelegate();
public struct FuncDescStructManager
{
public string Name;
public FunctionDelegate Function;
//...
}
public static List<FuncDescStructManager> GetFunctionTableManaged()
{
List<FuncDescStructManager> list = new List<FuncDescStructManager>();
list.Add(new FuncDescStructManaged () {"ExampleF1", VExampleF1});
return list;
}
In the mixed-mode bridge assembly you can implement the native function GetFunctionTable,
calling the managed function and marshalling the data:
int GetFunctionTable(FuncDescStruct **ppFunctionTable)
{
// Call the managed function
List<FuncDescStructManaged>^ managedList = GetFunctionTableManaged();
nativeArray = malloc(managedList.Length * sizeof(FuncDescStruct));
int i=0;
foreach (FuncDescStructManaged managedFunc in managedList)
{
// Marshall the managed string to native string could look like this:
stringPtr = Marshal::StringToHGlobalUni(managedFunc.Name);
nativeArray[i].Name = ((wchar_t*)stringPtr.ToPointer());
Marshal::FreeHGlobal(stringPtr);
// Marshall a delegate into a native function pointer using a
// wrapper class:
WrapDelegateAsPtr funcPtr = new WrapDelegateAsPtr(managedFunc.Function);
// funcPtr will need to be deleted by caller
nativeArray[i].Function = funcPtr.NativeFunction;
i++;
}
return i;
}
// Mixed mode wrapper class
// Member is a reference to a managed delegate.
// Because we need to reference this from native code, the wrapped
// delegate will be stored as a void*.
class WrapDelegateAsFPtr
{
public:
WrapDelegateAsNativeFunctionPointer(FunctionDelegate _delegate)
{
delegate = _delegate;
// Tell the garbage handler not to remove the delegate object yet
GCHandle gch = GCHandle::Alloc(svgContents);
managedDelegatePtr = GCHandle::ToIntPtr(gch).ToPointer();
}
~WrapDelegateAsNativeFunctionPointer
{
// Tell the garbage collector we are finished with the managed object
IntPtr temp(managedDelegatePtr;);
GCHandle gch = static_cast<GCHandle>(temp);
gch.Free();
}
void NativeFunction()
{
}
private:
void* managedDelegatePtr;
}
Hope this helps - Any questions just ask!
THis is a rather belatedd answer, but I have come up against exactly the same problem. I have implmented a DATA PLUGIN using Kostya's framework, and got it to work perfectly, then trying to implmement an AFL plugin, I ran into the problem as per above. I have managed to get itworking without using a C++ rapper class.
The problem is with the function pointer/reference/address that is passed from withing the FUnctionTable. AS these functions have been dclared as STATIC for EXPORT purposes, they are incompatible with the C++ delegate implmentation in the GETFUNCTIONTABLE method. IF you ddo the following , it should work:-
Add the 2 signatures:-
[DllImport("kernel32", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, ExactSpelling = true, SetLastError = true)]
static extern IntPtr GetProcAddress(IntPtr hModule, string procName);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
internal static extern IntPtr LoadLibrary(string lpFileName);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
internal static extern bool SetDllDirectory(string lpPathName);
the function reference definition in the GetFunctionTable structure must be changed to:
IntPtr Function;
Add the following statements to get the exported function address:-
IntPtr dllHandle = LoadLibrary(fullPath);
IntPtr fptr = GetProcAddress(dllHandle, "VfmExample1");
and lastly initialize the function variable in the GetFunctionTable structure , e.g.
functable[0].Description.function = fptr;
and that should do it
You have to use the fixing construct to fix the buffer in place, because the C# GC reserves the right to move it around if you don't, invalidating the pointer. I don't know how to fix a buffer indefinitely. You're going to have to worry about how that memory is managed, too.