Passing values from controller to WebAPI - c#

I have a need to track emails and pages on our website. We want to use a WebAPI for this, however I am very new and the examples I found were hard to follow. Here is my problem:
I have an EmailTrackerContoller with code like below:
public class EmailTrackingController : Controller
{
[OutputCache(NoStore = true , Duration = 0)]
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult GetPixel(string email, Guid emailID) {
var client = new HttpClient();
var endpoint = "http://localhost:2640/api/EmailTracker/SaveEmail"; --path to my API
var response = await client.PostAsync(endpoint, null); --this does not work
const string clearGif1X1 = "R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==";
return new FileContentResult(Convert.FromBase64String(clearGif1X1) , "image/gif");
}
}
I have also created a WebAPI that has a HttpPost Method Called SaveEmail:
[HttpPost]
public HttpResponseMessage SaveEmail([FromBody]string value) { --How do I get the Email and Guid I need from here?
var a = new DL.EmailTracking();
a.Insert("<email>" , Guid.NewGuid());
return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.Accepted , "");
}
Couple of questions on this:
How do you pass values from the controller to the WebApi?
Any easy to follow examples would be great, of if you have a link that would be useful as well.

The second parameter of PostAsync is the content of the call.
Serialize the object as JSON that contains the values you want and add it as the content.
var obj = new { Email = "mail#mail.com" };
HttpStringContent msg = new HttpStringContent(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(obj));
var response = await client.PostAsync(endpoint, msg);
Modify the receiving method to receive the desired properties. I'd use a class as the methods parameter but you can use [FromBody] with all the properties listed as well.
public HttpResponseMessage SaveEmail(EmailSave model)

Related

Unable to send form data to web api using postasync

I am trying to send sourceFile value to web api. But in API i am receiving is null
var formVars = new Dictionary<string, string>();
formVars.Add("sourceFile", "Helloo");
HttpContent content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(formVars);
var result = client.PostAsync("ImageApi/Compare", content).Result;
string resultContent = result.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
return Content(resultContent);
API code
[HttpPost()]
public ActionResult Compare(string sourceFile)
{
return Ok(sourceFile);
}
I am using DotNet core 2.0
you need to await the result, do not try to access .Result yourself. The call would not have completed at that point.
you need to use something like this:
HttpContent content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(formVars);
var result = await client.PostAsync("ImageApi/Compare", content);
result .EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
string responseBody = await result.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
This is based on your code and hasn't been tested but should set you on the right path to get this working. Don't ever try to do async stuff by accessing .Result.
One more thing, you need to use a model as well.
create a model class, which has all the properties you add in your dictionary.
in your case it will be something like :
public class MyModel{
public string sourceFile { get ;set; }
}
your controller becomes:
[HttpPost()]
public ActionResult Compare([FromBody]MyModel model)
{
return Ok(model.sourceFile);
}

Why is my ModelState valid if I pass an object with no value for a required property? [duplicate]

I am writing a unit test for a controller like this:
public HttpResponseMessage PostLogin(LoginModel model)
{
if (!ModelState.IsValid)
return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest);
}
the model looks like:
public class LoginModel
{
[Required]
public string Username { set; get; }
[Required]
public string Password { set; get; }
}
Then I have unit test like this one:
[TestMethod]
public void TestLogin_InvalidModel()
{
AccountController controller = CreateAccountController();
...
var response = controller.PostLogin(new LoginModel() { });
Assert.AreEqual(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, response.StatusCode);
}
Actually the ModelState is validated... which is weird for me as both fields are required...
Could anybody advise?
The reason the model state is valid is that a new model state is created when you new up a controller. Web API isn't doing the parameter binding for you here, so it doesn't even have a chance to add model state errors.
If you want to keep this as a unit test, then you should add the model state errors yourself and test what happens.
If you want to test that the model state would be invalid on a real request, I recommend you read this blog post:
http://blogs.msdn.com/b/youssefm/archive/2013/01/28/writing-tests-for-an-asp-net-webapi-service.aspx
and try testing against an in-memory server. One minor note for your case would be that you may want to use a StringContent instead of an ObjectContent on the request to make sure that Web API tries to deserialize and bind the body properly.
TL;DR
If you don't want to read the entire article provided by Youssef and want a quick solution to how to make ModelState.IsValid return false. Do this.
[TestMethod]
public void TestLogin_InvalidModel()
{
AccountController controller = CreateAccountController();
// new code added -->
controller.ModelState.AddModelError("fakeError", "fakeError");
// end of new code
...
var response = controller.PostLogin(new LoginModel() { });
Assert.AreEqual(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, response.StatusCode);
}
Now I can imagine the CreateAccountController() looks something like this for minimum ->
return new AccountApiController()
{
Request = new HttpRequestMessage(),
Configuration = new HttpConfiguration()
};
Hope this gives a quick answer for those googling :)
As mentioned before, you need integration tests to validate the ModelState. So, with Asp.Net Core, I'm digging this question to add a simple solution for integrating tests with Asp.Net Core and validation of ModelState
Add the package Microsoft.AspNetCore.TestHost and you can submit requests this simple:
var server = new TestServer(new WebHostBuilder().UseStartup<Startup>());
var client = server.CreateClient();
var model = new { Name = String.Empty };
var content = new StringContent(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(model), Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
var result = await client.PostAsync("/api/yourApiEndpoint", content);
result.StatusCode.Should().Be(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest);
You can find more about it here:
http://asp.net-hacker.rocks/2017/09/27/testing-aspnetcore.html
Hope it helps.
I used the following to validate the model state in unit test Visual studio 2017, C#, NET 4.x.x
[TestMethod]
public void TestYourValidationModel()
{
var configuration = new HttpConfiguration();
configuration.Filters.Add(new ValidateModelAttribute());
// Get the quote
var controller = new YourController
{
Request = new HttpRequestMessage(),
Configuration = configuration
};
var request = YourRequestObject;
controller.Request.Content = new ObjectContent<YourRequestType>(
request, new JsonMediaTypeFormatter(), "application/json");
controller.Validate(request);
Assert.IsTrue(controller.ModelState.IsValid, "This must be valid");
}
The example is for a request in JSON format. Substitute YourController for the name of your controller, and YourRequesType, for the object type of your request.
This give you the option to test your model for validation without go to the service.
I could not get response.StatusCode property on the response object. So I had to assert as below, which works good for me.
IHttpActionResult actionResult = controller.ActionMethod(request);
Assert.IsInstanceOf(actionResult);
Is there a way to check status code on the response object ?
Like for example.
Assert.AreEqual(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, response.StatusCode);

Sending string via POST - unsupported media type or null parameter

My controller cannot accept string via POST method. What could be wrong? When I create HttpClient and send content like this :
var content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(new []
{
new KeyValuePair<string, string>("signature", "someexamplecontent"),
});
var response = await _client.PostAsync(path, content);
I'm getting an error: 415, Unsupported media type and it not stepping into controller. Instead, when I use PostAsJsonAsync - stepping into but parameter signature is null.
var response = await _client.PostAsJsonAsync(path, content);
That's a method in a controller:
[HttpPost("generatecert")]
public byte[] PostGenerateCertificate([FromBody] string signature)
{
}
The endpoint is most likely configured for JSON content. If using PostAsJsonAsync then just pass the string to be posted.
var signature = "someexamplecontent";
var response = await _client.PostAsJsonAsync(path, signature);
the method will serialize and set the necessary content type headers for the request.
if posting a more complex object, like
public class Model {
public string signature { get; set; }
public int id { get; set; }
}
The same applies, but the action would need to be updated to expect the complex object
[HttpPost("generatecert")]
public byte[] PostGenerateCertificate([FromBody] Model signature) {
//...
}
and the client would send the object
var model = new Model {
signature = "someexamplecontent",
id = 5
};
var response = await _client.PostAsJsonAsync(path, model);
Reference Parameter Binding in ASP.NET Web API

ASP.NET Core return JSON with status code

I'm looking for the correct way to return JSON with a HTTP status code in my .NET Core Web API controller. I use to use it like this:
public IHttpActionResult GetResourceData()
{
return this.Content(HttpStatusCode.OK, new { response = "Hello"});
}
This was in a 4.6 MVC application but now with .NET Core I don't seem to have this IHttpActionResult I have ActionResult and using like this:
public ActionResult IsAuthenticated()
{
return Ok(Json("123"));
}
But the response from the server is weird, as in the image below:
I just want the Web API controller to return JSON with a HTTP status code like I did in Web API 2.
The most basic version responding with a JsonResult is:
// GET: api/authors
[HttpGet]
public JsonResult Get()
{
return Json(_authorRepository.List());
}
However, this isn't going to help with your issue because you can't explicitly deal with your own response code.
The way to get control over the status results, is you need to return a ActionResult which is where you can then take advantage of the StatusCodeResult type.
for example:
// GET: api/authors/search?namelike=foo
[HttpGet("Search")]
public IActionResult Search(string namelike)
{
var result = _authorRepository.GetByNameSubstring(namelike);
if (!result.Any())
{
return NotFound(namelike);
}
return Ok(result);
}
Note both of these above examples came from a great guide available from Microsoft Documentation: Formatting Response Data
Extra Stuff
The issue I come across quite often is that I wanted more granular control over my WebAPI rather than just go with the defaults configuration from the "New Project" template in VS.
Let's make sure you have some of the basics down...
Step 1: Configure your Service
In order to get your ASP.NET Core WebAPI to respond with a JSON Serialized Object along full control of the status code, you should start off by making sure that you have included the AddMvc() service in your ConfigureServices method usually found in Startup.cs.
It's important to note thatAddMvc() will automatically include the Input/Output Formatter for JSON along with responding to other request types.
If your project requires full control and you want to strictly define your services, such as how your WebAPI will behave to various request types including application/json and not respond to other request types (such as a standard browser request), you can define it manually with the following code:
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
// Build a customized MVC implementation, without using the default AddMvc(), instead use AddMvcCore().
// https://github.com/aspnet/Mvc/blob/dev/src/Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc/MvcServiceCollectionExtensions.cs
services
.AddMvcCore(options =>
{
options.RequireHttpsPermanent = true; // does not affect api requests
options.RespectBrowserAcceptHeader = true; // false by default
//options.OutputFormatters.RemoveType<HttpNoContentOutputFormatter>();
//remove these two below, but added so you know where to place them...
options.OutputFormatters.Add(new YourCustomOutputFormatter());
options.InputFormatters.Add(new YourCustomInputFormatter());
})
//.AddApiExplorer()
//.AddAuthorization()
.AddFormatterMappings()
//.AddCacheTagHelper()
//.AddDataAnnotations()
//.AddCors()
.AddJsonFormatters(); // JSON, or you can build your own custom one (above)
}
You will notice that I have also included a way for you to add your own custom Input/Output formatters, in the event you may want to respond to another serialization format (protobuf, thrift, etc).
The chunk of code above is mostly a duplicate of the AddMvc() method. However, we are implementing each "default" service on our own by defining each and every service instead of going with the pre-shipped one with the template. I have added the repository link in the code block, or you can check out AddMvc() from the GitHub repository..
Note that there are some guides that will try to solve this by "undoing" the defaults, rather than just not implementing it in the first place... If you factor in that we're now working with Open Source, this is redundant work, bad code and frankly an old habit that will disappear soon.
Step 2: Create a Controller
I'm going to show you a really straight-forward one just to get your question sorted.
public class FooController
{
[HttpPost]
public async Task<IActionResult> Create([FromBody] Object item)
{
if (item == null) return BadRequest();
var newItem = new Object(); // create the object to return
if (newItem != null) return Ok(newItem);
else return NotFound();
}
}
Step 3: Check your Content-Type and Accept
You need to make sure that your Content-Type and Accept headers in your request are set properly. In your case (JSON), you will want to set it up to be application/json.
If you want your WebAPI to respond as JSON as default, regardless of what the request header is specifying you can do that in a couple ways.
Way 1
As shown in the article I recommended earlier (Formatting Response Data) you could force a particular format at the Controller/Action level. I personally don't like this approach... but here it is for completeness:
Forcing a Particular Format If you would like to restrict the response formats for a specific action you can, you can apply the
[Produces] filter. The [Produces] filter specifies the response
formats for a specific action (or controller). Like most Filters, this
can be applied at the action, controller, or global scope.
[Produces("application/json")]
public class AuthorsController
The [Produces] filter will force all actions within the
AuthorsController to return JSON-formatted responses, even if other
formatters were configured for the application and the client provided
an Accept header requesting a different, available format.
Way 2
My preferred method is for the WebAPI to respond to all requests with the format requested. However, in the event that it doesn't accept the requested format, then fall-back to a default (ie. JSON)
First, you'll need to register that in your options (we need to rework the default behavior, as noted earlier)
options.RespectBrowserAcceptHeader = true; // false by default
Finally, by simply re-ordering the list of the formatters that were defined in the services builder, the web host will default to the formatter you position at the top of the list (ie position 0).
More information can be found in this .NET Web Development and Tools Blog entry
You have predefined methods for most common status codes.
Ok(result) returns 200 with response
CreatedAtRoute returns 201 + new resource URL
NotFound returns 404
BadRequest returns 400 etc.
See BaseController.cs and Controller.cs for a list of all methods.
But if you really insist you can use StatusCode to set a custom code, but you really shouldn't as it makes code less readable and you'll have to repeat code to set headers (like for CreatedAtRoute).
public ActionResult IsAuthenticated()
{
return StatusCode(200, "123");
}
With ASP.NET Core 2.0, the ideal way to return object from Web API (which is unified with MVC and uses same base class Controller) is
public IActionResult Get()
{
return new OkObjectResult(new Item { Id = 123, Name = "Hero" });
}
Notice that
It returns with 200 OK status code (it's an Ok type of ObjectResult)
It does content negotiation, i.e. it'll return based on Accept header in request. If Accept: application/xml is sent in request, it'll return as XML. If nothing is sent, JSON is default.
If it needs to send with specific status code, use ObjectResult or StatusCode instead. Both does the same thing, and supports content negotiation.
return new ObjectResult(new Item { Id = 123, Name = "Hero" }) { StatusCode = 200 };
return StatusCode( 200, new Item { Id = 123, Name = "Hero" });
or even more fine grained with ObjectResult:
Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Formatters.MediaTypeCollection myContentTypes = new Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Formatters.MediaTypeCollection { System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Application.Json };
String hardCodedJson = "{\"Id\":\"123\",\"DateOfRegistration\":\"2012-10-21T00:00:00+05:30\",\"Status\":0}";
return new ObjectResult(hardCodedJson) { StatusCode = 200, ContentTypes = myContentTypes };
If you specifically want to return as JSON, there are couple of ways
//GET http://example.com/api/test/asjson
[HttpGet("AsJson")]
public JsonResult GetAsJson()
{
return Json(new Item { Id = 123, Name = "Hero" });
}
//GET http://example.com/api/test/withproduces
[HttpGet("WithProduces")]
[Produces("application/json")]
public Item GetWithProduces()
{
return new Item { Id = 123, Name = "Hero" };
}
Notice that
Both enforces JSON in two different ways.
Both ignores content negotiation.
First method enforces JSON with specific serializer Json(object).
Second method does the same by using Produces() attribute (which is a ResultFilter) with contentType = application/json
Read more about them in the official docs. Learn about filters here.
The simple model class that is used in the samples
public class Item
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
}
The easiest way I came up with is :
var result = new Item { Id = 123, Name = "Hero" };
return new JsonResult(result)
{
StatusCode = StatusCodes.Status201Created // Status code here
};
This is my easiest solution:
public IActionResult InfoTag()
{
return Ok(new {name = "Fabio", age = 42, gender = "M"});
}
or
public IActionResult InfoTag()
{
return Json(new {name = "Fabio", age = 42, gender = "M"});
}
Awesome answers I found here and I also tried this return statement see StatusCode(whatever code you wish) and it worked!!!
return Ok(new {
Token = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler().WriteToken(token),
Expiration = token.ValidTo,
username = user.FullName,
StatusCode = StatusCode(200)
});
Instead of using 404/201 status codes using enum
public async Task<IActionResult> Login(string email, string password)
{
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(email) || string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(password))
{
return StatusCode((int)HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, Json("email or password is null"));
}
var user = await _userManager.FindByEmailAsync(email);
if (user == null)
{
return StatusCode((int)HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, Json("Invalid Login and/or password"));
}
var passwordSignInResult = await _signInManager.PasswordSignInAsync(user, password, isPersistent: true, lockoutOnFailure: false);
if (!passwordSignInResult.Succeeded)
{
return StatusCode((int)HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, Json("Invalid Login and/or password"));
}
return StatusCode((int)HttpStatusCode.OK, Json("Sucess !!!"));
}
Controller action return types in ASP.NET Core web API
02/03/2020
6 minutes to read
+2
By Scott Addie Link
Synchronous action
[HttpGet("{id}")]
[ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status200OK)]
[ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status404NotFound)]
public ActionResult<Product> GetById(int id)
{
if (!_repository.TryGetProduct(id, out var product))
{
return NotFound();
}
return product;
}
Asynchronous action
[HttpPost]
[Consumes(MediaTypeNames.Application.Json)]
[ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status201Created)]
[ProducesResponseType(StatusCodes.Status400BadRequest)]
public async Task<ActionResult<Product>> CreateAsync(Product product)
{
if (product.Description.Contains("XYZ Widget"))
{
return BadRequest();
}
await _repository.AddProductAsync(product);
return CreatedAtAction(nameof(GetById), new { id = product.Id }, product);
}
Please refer below code, You can manage multiple status code with different type JSON
public async Task<HttpResponseMessage> GetAsync()
{
try
{
using (var entities = new DbEntities())
{
var resourceModelList = entities.Resources.Select(r=> new ResourceModel{Build Your Resource Model}).ToList();
if (resourceModelList.Count == 0)
{
return this.Request.CreateResponse<string>(HttpStatusCode.NotFound, "No resources found.");
}
return this.Request.CreateResponse<List<ResourceModel>>(HttpStatusCode.OK, resourceModelList, "application/json");
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
return this.Request.CreateResponse<string>(HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError, "Something went wrong.");
}
}
What I do in my Asp Net Core Api applications it is to create a class that extends from ObjectResult and provide many constructors to customize the content and the status code.
Then all my Controller actions use one of the costructors as appropiate.
You can take a look at my implementation at:
https://github.com/melardev/AspNetCoreApiPaginatedCrud
and
https://github.com/melardev/ApiAspCoreEcommerce
here is how the class looks like(go to my repo for full code):
public class StatusCodeAndDtoWrapper : ObjectResult
{
public StatusCodeAndDtoWrapper(AppResponse dto, int statusCode = 200) : base(dto)
{
StatusCode = statusCode;
}
private StatusCodeAndDtoWrapper(AppResponse dto, int statusCode, string message) : base(dto)
{
StatusCode = statusCode;
if (dto.FullMessages == null)
dto.FullMessages = new List<string>(1);
dto.FullMessages.Add(message);
}
private StatusCodeAndDtoWrapper(AppResponse dto, int statusCode, ICollection<string> messages) : base(dto)
{
StatusCode = statusCode;
dto.FullMessages = messages;
}
}
Notice the base(dto) you replace dto by your object and you should be good to go.
I got this to work. My big issue was my json was a string (in my database...and not a specific/known Type).
Ok, I finally got this to work.
////[Route("api/[controller]")]
////[ApiController]
////public class MyController: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ControllerBase
////{
//// public IActionResult MyMethod(string myParam) {
string hardCodedJson = "{}";
int hardCodedStatusCode = 200;
Newtonsoft.Json.Linq.JObject job = Newtonsoft.Json.Linq.JObject.Parse(hardCodedJson);
/* "this" comes from your class being a subclass of Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ControllerBase */
Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ContentResult contRes = this.Content(job.ToString());
contRes.StatusCode = hardCodedStatusCode;
return contRes;
//// } ////end MyMethod
//// } ////end class
I happen to be on asp.net core 3.1
#region Assembly Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Core, Version=3.1.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=adb9793829ddae60
//C:\Program Files\dotnet\packs\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Ref\3.1.0\ref\netcoreapp3.1\Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Core.dll
I got the hint from here :: https://www.jianshu.com/p/7b3e92c42b61
The cleanest solution I have found is to set the following in my ConfigureServices method in Startup.cs (In my case I want the TZ info stripped. I always want to see the date time as the user saw it).
services.AddControllers()
.AddNewtonsoftJson(o =>
{
o.SerializerSettings.DateTimeZoneHandling = DateTimeZoneHandling.Unspecified;
});
The DateTimeZoneHandling options are Utc, Unspecified, Local or RoundtripKind
I would still like to find a way to be able to request this on a per-call bases.
something like
static readonly JsonMediaTypeFormatter _jsonFormatter = new JsonMediaTypeFormatter();
_jsonFormatter.SerializerSettings = new JsonSerializerSettings()
{DateTimeZoneHandling = DateTimeZoneHandling.Unspecified};
return Ok("Hello World", _jsonFormatter );
I am converting from ASP.NET and there I used the following helper method
public static ActionResult<T> Ok<T>(T result, HttpContext context)
{
var responseMessage = context.GetHttpRequestMessage().CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK, result, _jsonFormatter);
return new ResponseMessageResult(responseMessage);
}

AngularJS $http and WebApi 2

I have an issues which has just arisen.
I have a Web API that has this method:
[HttpGet]
[Route("")]
public IHttpActionResult Get(OrderRequestViewModel model)
{
var order = new orderHeader()
{
sordNo = model.OrderNumber,
process = orderHeader.orderProcesses.Read
};
order.processInfos.read_CoreHistory = model.ReadCoreHistory;
var response = this.Connection.webServicesAdvanced.ordersHubAction_S(this.SecurityToken, order);
switch (response.state)
{
case processorResult.resultEnum.failed:
case processorResult.resultEnum.validationfailed:
throw new HttpException(500, response.info);
default:
return Ok(new OrderResponseViewModel(response.obj));
}
}
The OrderRequestViewModel only has 2 properties: OrderNumber (string) and ReadCoreHistory (boolean).
In my Angular JS application I have a service which looks like this:
.factory('OrderService', ['$http', '$filter', 'apiUrl', function ($http, $filter, api) {
var _get = function (orderNumber, readCoreHistory) {
return $http.get(api + 'orders?orderNumber=' + orderNumber + '&readCoreHistory=' + readCoreHistory);
}
//-- removed for brevity --//
var service = {};
service.get = _get;
//-- removed for brevity --//
return service;
}])
When I call the get() method from my controller, if I have fiddler open it states:
No MediaTypeFormatter is available to read an object of type 'OrderRequestViewModel' from content with media type 'application/octet-stream'.
Apparently this is a content type header issue, but I have no access to the ajax call options that I can see. Does anyone know how I can solve this?
GET method does not have a body, complex types are filled by data from request body in ASP.NET WebAPI, you should add [FromUri] attribute before your complex type in method signature.
public IHttpActionResult Get([FromUri] OrderRequestViewModel model)
{ ...

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