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How to Properly Implement BackgroundWorker in WPF with MVVM / ICommand Pattern

I have a small WPF application written primarily following MVVM pattern. The point of the program is to read the lines of a text file, parse the data from them, write that data to a list of objects, then write the data in those objects into a specifically-formatted .CSV file.
Even though I have implemented the BackgroundWorker class itself the same way I always have with other applications, this time I am invoking the RunWorkAsync() method from within the Execute() method of my ICommand. While the final output is correct and the application actually delivers the desired result, the UI STILL locks up while the BackgroundWorker is running.
I have wrapped my BackgroundWorker members and all the logic inside a class named "ReaderWriter" with a constructor that takes my ViewModel as a parameter.
By calling the "StartProcess" method of my ReaderWriter instance, the BackgroundWorker's RunWorkerAsync() is called -- this is where I was hoping it would take over on another thread and do my long-running process of reading the source file, parsing the data, and writing the new file; all while periodically doing ReportProgress() to update the ProgressBar.
Here is the code for my ReaderWriter class:
class ReaderWriter
{
private LogDataViewModel vm { get; set; }
private BackgroundWorker bw { get; set; }
public ReaderWriter(LogDataViewModel viewModel)
{
vm = viewModel;
}
public void StartProcess()
{
bw = new BackgroundWorker();
bw.WorkerReportsProgress = true;
bw.WorkerSupportsCancellation = true;
bw.DoWork += new DoWorkEventHandler(ReadFromSource);
bw.ProgressChanged += new ProgressChangedEventHandler(UpdateProgress_Read);
bw.RunWorkerCompleted += new RunWorkerCompletedEventHandler(Completed_Read);
bw.RunWorkerAsync();
}
private void ReadFromSource(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e)
{
double records = 0;
string[] lines = File.ReadAllLines(vm.SourcePath);
int lineCount = lines.Length;
double currentLine = 0;
bw.ReportProgress(0, lineCount);
foreach (var line in lines)
{
if (line.Length > 0)
{
string syntax = line.Substring(17, 6);
switch (syntax)
{
case "$WIMDA":
string[] segments = line.Replace(": <- ", ",").Split(',');
vm.LineItems.Add(new LineItem()
{
Time = segments[0],
HgPressure = segments[2],
BarPressure = segments[4],
AirTemp = segments[6],
RelHumidity = segments[10],
TrueWindDir = segments[14],
KnotsWindSpeed = segments[18],
MpsWindSpeed = segments[20]
});
break;
case "$GPGGA":
break;
default:
break;
}
}
currentLine++;
bw.ReportProgress(1, currentLine);
}
using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(vm.OutputPath))
{
writer.WriteLine($"Time,Pressure(Bar),Pressure(Hg),AirTemp({((vm.ConvertTempSetting) ? "F" : "C")}),RelativeHumidity,TrueWindDirection,WindSpeed(Knots),WindSpeed(M/s)");
foreach (var lineItem in vm.LineItems)
{
writer.WriteLine($"{lineItem.Time},{lineItem.BarPressure},{lineItem.HgPressure},{((vm.ConvertTempSetting) ? Converters.ConvertFromCelcius(Convert.ToDouble(lineItem.AirTemp)).ToString() : lineItem.AirTemp)},{lineItem.RelHumidity},{lineItem.TrueWindDir},{lineItem.KnotsWindSpeed},{lineItem.MpsWindSpeed}");
records++;
}
}
e.Result = records;
}
private void UpdateProgress_Read(object sender, ProgressChangedEventArgs e)
{
vm.IncrementProgress();
switch (Type.GetTypeCode(e.UserState.GetType()))
{
case TypeCode.Double:
vm.IncrementProgress();
break;
case TypeCode.String:
break;
case TypeCode.Int32:
vm.AppendStatus(DateTime.Now, $"{(int)e.UserState} lines parsed from log file");
break;
default:
break;
}
if (vm.IsFirst)
{
vm.ProgressIsVisible = true;
vm.IncrementProgress();
vm.SetMaximum((int)e.UserState);
vm.IsFirst = false;
}
}
private void Completed_Read(object sender, RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e)
{
if (e.Cancelled)
{
vm.AppendStatus(DateTime.Now, $"Conversion was cancelled by user");
}
else
{
vm.AppendStatus(DateTime.Now, $"{(double)e.Result} records written to {vm.OutputPath}");
}
vm.LineItems.Clear();
}
}
And for my ViewModel:
public class LogDataViewModel : LogDataModel
{
#region Commands
public BeginProcessCommand BeginCommand { get; set; }
public SelectOutputPathCommand OutputCommand { get; set; }
public SelectSourceCommand SourceCommand { get; set; }
public ResetCommand ResetCommand { get; set; }
#endregion
public bool IsFirst { get; set; }
public LogDataViewModel()
{
BeginCommand = new BeginProcessCommand(this);
OutputCommand = new SelectOutputPathCommand(this);
SourceCommand = new SelectSourceCommand(this);
ResetCommand = new ResetCommand(this);
PrepareViewModel();
}
private void PrepareViewModel()
{
ProgressValue = 0;
ProgressMaximum = 0;
ProgressIsVisible = false;
IsFirst = true;
OutputPath = Properties.Settings.Default.RememberedSavePath;
if (LineItems == null) LineItems = new List<LineItem>();
if (StatusActions == null) StatusActions = new ObservableCollection<StatusAction>();
AppendStatus(DateTime.Now, "Initialized Program");
}
}
And lastly, here is the Command:
public class BeginProcessCommand : ICommand
{
LogDataViewModel vm;
public BeginProcessCommand(LogDataViewModel viewModel)
{
vm = viewModel;
}
public event EventHandler CanExecuteChanged
{
add { CommandManager.RequerySuggested += value; }
remove { CommandManager.RequerySuggested -= value; }
}
public bool CanExecute(object parameter)
{
bool result = true;
if (!File.Exists(vm.SourcePath))
result = false;
try
{
if (!Directory.Exists(Path.GetDirectoryName(vm.SourcePath)))
result = false;
}
catch
{
result = false;
}
return result;
}
public void Execute(object parameter)
{
ReaderWriter rw = new ReaderWriter(vm);
rw.StartProcess();
}
}
Any help at this point is very much appreciated, as I've struggled with this for a while now and any attempt to research solutions yield no help for my particular situation. This seems like a fairly unique scenario, but I am hoping we can make it work.
Thank you!

You are using ReportProgress incorrectly and far too often (on every line in the file). It will be being hammered and every call is causing some sort of update in your UI hence locking it up.
ReportProgress is probably easiest to use by passing a percentage to it. I'm not really sure what you are doing in UpdateProgress_Read with the switch. It would be best to only update as you pass a 100th of your total lines.
set your progressBar maximum to 100
ProgressMaximum = 100;
calculate 1% of your total lines
var x = lineCount / 100;
var y = 0;
and only Report progress as you pass each 1%
currentLine++;
if((currentLine % x) == 0)
{
y++;
bw.ReportProgress(y);
}
and change UpdateProgress_Read so it just increments
private void UpdateProgress_Read(object sender, ProgressChangedEventArgs e)
{
vm.IncrementProgress();
}
you'll need to come up with better variable names then x and y! and also work out what to do if you have less than 100 lines in the file.

Event handler not always called

I have custom thread which parses WiFi networks and updates the UI (DataGridView and graphs). Here is the thread method:
private void RefreshThread()
{
var watch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
while (true)
{
UpdateAllNetworks();
UpdateAllInterferences();
UpdateAllColors();
switch (ActivePage)
{
case Page.Start:
break;
case Page.Networks:
this.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate
{
UpdateDataGridWithNetworks();
ClearGraphs();
Draw24GHzGraph();
DrawSignalsOverTimeGraph();
});
break;
case Page.Channels:
break;
case Page.Analyze:
break;
default:
break;
}
watch.Stop();
int elapsedMs = (int) watch.ElapsedMilliseconds;
if (elapsedMs < Constants.NetworksRefreshThreadInterval)
Thread.Sleep(Constants.NetworksRefreshThreadInterval - elapsedMs);
}
}
Custom DataGridView:
public class CustomDataGridView : DataGridView
{
...
protected override void OnCellClick(DataGridViewCellEventArgs e)
{
base.OnCellClick(e);
int Index = e.RowIndex;
if (Index != -1)
{
DataGridViewRow row = Rows[Index];
PrimaryKeyForSelectedRow = row.Cells[KeyName].Value.ToString();
}
}
}
The DataGridView is my custom DataGrid where I have a click event handler. I have observed that sometimes the event handler isn't called but in most cases it is.
What could be the problem? Is it related to multithreading or the event isn't queued?

Your code blocks main thread, use separate thread for your network details update. Here is quick sample how it done.
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var helper = new Looper(5000, YourMethod_RefreshThread);
helper.Start();
}
private static void YourMethod_RefreshThread()
{
Console.WriteLine(DateTime.Now);
}
}
public class Looper
{
private readonly Action _callback;
private readonly int _interval;
public Looper(int interval, Action callback)
{
if(interval <=0)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("interval");
}
if(callback == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("callback");
}
_interval = interval;
_callback = callback;
}
private void Work()
{
var next = Environment.TickCount;
do
{
if (Environment.TickCount >= next)
{
_callback();
next = Environment.TickCount + _interval;
}
Thread.Sleep(_interval);
} while (IsRunning);
}
public void Start()
{
if (IsRunning)
{
return;
}
var thread = new Thread(Work);
thread.Start();
IsRunning = true;
}
public void Stop()
{
this.IsRunning = false;
}
public bool IsRunning { get; private set; }

Signaling threads to stop

have such code.
Start threads:
Thread[] thr;
static object locker = new object();
bool liking = true;
private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
button2.Enabled = false;
button3.Enabled = true;
string post = create_note();
decimal value = Program.Data.numericUpDown1;
int i = 0;
int j = (int)(value);
thr = new Thread[j];
for (; i < j; i++)
{
thr[i] = new Thread(() => invite(post));
thr[i].IsBackground = true;
thr[i].Start();
}
}
public void invite(string post)
{
while (liking)
{
if (//some comdition)
exit all threads, and start string post = create_note(); again
}
}
If some condition in invite(string post) comes true I need to stop all threads, and go to string post = create_note(); again, get string post and start threads again.
How to do it?

Instead of manual thread management, use Parallel.For with CancellationToken:
var cts = new CancellationTokenSource();
var options = new ParallelOptions
{
CancellationToken = cts.Token,
MaxDegreeOfParallelism = System.Environment.ProcessorCount
};
var result = Parallel.For(0, j, options, i =>
{
invite(post);
options.CancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
});
When you want to cancel parallel calculations, just call cts.Cancel() from external code.

You can use lock and create a class that manage your threads like that :
public class SyncClass
{
public Thread[] thr;
private int NumberOfWorkingThreads { get; set; }
private object Sync = new object();
public int ThreadNumber { get; private set; }
public event EventHandler TasksFinished;
public SyncClass(int threadNumber)
{
thr = new Thread[threadNumber];
ThreadNumber = threadNumber;
NumberOfWorkingThreads = ThreadNumber;
//LunchThreads(threadNumber);
}
protected void OnTasksFinished()
{
if (TasksFinished == null)
return;
lock (Sync)
{
NumberOfWorkingThreads--;
if (NumberOfWorkingThreads == 0)
TasksFinished(this, new EventArgs());
}
}
public void LunchThreads()
{
string post = create_note();
for (int i = 0; i < ThreadNumber; i++)
{
thr[i] = new Thread(() => invite(post));
thr[i].IsBackground = true;
thr[i].Start();
}
}
private void invite(string post)
{
while (true)
{
if (true)
{
break;
}
}
OnTasksFinished();
}
}
Use the event to notify the end of all threads then the class will be used like that:
private void Operation()
{
var sync = new SyncClass(10);
sync.TasksFinished += sync_TasksFinished;
sync.LunchThreads();
}
void sync_TasksFinished(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Operation();
}

Why the number of threads is continuously increasing with SerialPort.CatchReceivedEvents()

I´m running a C# application with .NET Framework 2.0 to read data from SerialPort to get the weight from a scale.
The application works fine, does what it is supposed to do, but the number of threads keeps increasing and more memory is consumed until the application crashes, usually after around 4 hours.
When running with a serialport simulator the number of threads is stable around 30. But when I use an actual scale it goes greater than 500 threads.
I used Microsoft Managed Stack Explorer 1.0 to take a dump of the threads and almost all of them have exactly the following stack:
0. System.IO.Ports.SerialPort.CatchReceivedEvents (Source Unavailable)
1. System.IO.Ports.SerialStream.EventLoopRunner.CallReceiveEvents (Source Unavailable)
2. System.Threading._ThreadPoolWaitCallback.WaitCallback_Context (Source Unavailable)
3. System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run (Source Unavailable)
4. System.Threading._ThreadPoolWaitCallback.PerformWaitCallbackInternal (Source Unavailable)
5. System.Threading._ThreadPoolWaitCallback.PerformWaitCallback (Source Unavailable)
I'm not able to identify the reason these threads are being created. Does anybody have any idea of what I'm missing here? Thanks!
This is my code:
Scale.cs -> creates a thread when method open() is called. The thread reads the value from getWeight().
Scales.cs -> treats events from serial port in method SerialPort_DataReceived(...). It's where m_SerialPort.ReadLine() is called and ends up providing the value to getWeight().
Scale.cs:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading;
using ScalesGSS;
using StateMachine.Exceptions;
using StateMachine.Log;
using StateMachine.MessageOutput;
namespace StateMachine.DriverImplementation
{
class Scale : AScale
{
private const int Scale_version = 1;
private Thread thread = null;
private IScales gScale = null;
//
private string m_Type;
private string m_PortName;
private int m_BaudRate;
private char m_Parity;
private int m_DataBits;
private string m_StopBits;
private int m_CommandReturnLength;
private string m_CommandType;
private string m_CommandValue;
private int m_ReadTimeOutInMilliseconds;
private int m_WeightInitialPosition;
private int m_WeightFinalPosition;
private int m_TimeBetweenReadsInMilliseconds;
private int m_StableReadQuantity;
private int m_MinimumWeight;
private int m_ScaleID;
//
private double m_OldWeight = 0.0;
private double m_Offset = 0.0;
private double m_CurrentWeight = 0.0;
int m_WeightEqualCount = 0;
//
byte m_Status = 3; // "NO COMMUNICATION"
//
private bool m_Closed = false;
private static LogFactory m_Log = new LogFactory(LogCategory.Device, "");
ErrorDialog m_ErrorDialog = new ErrorDialog();
public Scale()
{
this.setClassName("Scale");
this.setDeviceType(DeviceType.Scale);
}
public void run()
{
try
{
if (this.m_Type.ToUpper().Equals("GENERICSCALES")) // GENERICSCALES or MOCKSCALES
this.gScale = new ScalesGSS.GenericScales();
else
this.gScale = new ScalesGSS.MockScales();
this.gScale.PortName = this.m_PortName;
this.gScale.BaudRate = this.m_BaudRate;
this.gScale.Parity = this.m_Parity.ToString();
this.gScale.DataBits = this.m_DataBits;
this.gScale.StopBits = this.m_StopBits;
this.gScale.CommandReturnLength = this.m_CommandReturnLength;
this.gScale.CommandType = this.m_CommandType;
this.gScale.CommandValue = this.m_CommandValue;
this.gScale.ReadTimeOut = this.m_ReadTimeOutInMilliseconds;
this.gScale.WeightInitialPosition = this.m_WeightInitialPosition;
this.gScale.WeightFinalPosition = this.m_WeightFinalPosition;
this.gScale.setParameters();
this.gScale.configurePort();
while (true)
{
if (this.m_Closed)
{
if (this.OpenedPort())
this.gScale.closePort();
break;
}
Thread.Sleep(this.m_TimeBetweenReadsInMilliseconds);
if (!this.OpenedPort())
{
if (!this.OpenPort())
{
m_Log.writeLogWarning("Error opening serialport.", " Port: " + this.m_PortName, true);
}
}
if (this.ErrorReadingWeight())
{
m_Log.writeLogWarning("Invalid weight.", " Port: " + this.m_PortName, true);
}
this.m_CurrentWeight = getWeight();
if (!ReadingTimeout())
{
if (this.m_WeightEqualCount > m_StableReadQuantity)
{
if (m_CurrentWeight > m_MinimumWeight)
m_Status = 2; // "WEIGHT STABLE"
else
{
m_Status = 0; // "SCALE FREE"
m_WeightEqualCount = 0;
}
}
else
{
if (m_CurrentWeight > m_MinimumWeight)
{
m_Status = 1; // "STABILIZING"
if ((this.m_CurrentWeight >= (this.m_OldWeight - this.m_Offset)) && (this.m_CurrentWeight <= (this.m_OldWeight + this.m_Offset)))
this.m_WeightEqualCount++;
else
this.m_WeightEqualCount = 0;
this.m_OldWeight = this.m_CurrentWeight;
}
else
{
m_Status = 0; // "SCALE FREE"
m_WeightEqualCount = 0;
}
}
}
else
{
m_WeightEqualCount = 0;
m_Status = 3; // "NO COMMUNICATION"
string v_Message = "No communication with scale. Port: " + m_PortName;
m_Log.writeLogWarning(v_Message, "", true);
AutoClosingMessageBox.Show(v_Message, "Scale", 10000);
}
}
}
catch (Exception v_Exception)
{
m_Log.writeLogError("run()", v_Exception);
}
}
private bool OpenedPort()
{
return this.gScale.OpenedPort;
}
private bool OpenPort()
{
bool v_OpenPort;
v_OpenPort = this.gScale.openPort();
if (!v_OpenPort)
{
m_ErrorDialog.getScaleErrorMessage(gScale);
}
return v_OpenPort;
}
private bool ErrorReadingWeight()
{
return this.gScale.ErrorReadingWeight;
}
private double getWeight()
{
return this.gScale.getWeight();
}
private DateTime LastGoodReading()
{
return gScale.LastGoodReading;
}
private void setLastGoodReading(DateTime p_Value)
{
gScale.LastGoodReading = p_Value;
}
private bool ReadingTimeout()
{
if (m_ReadTimeOutInMilliseconds > 0)
{
DateTime v_LastGoodReading = LastGoodReading() == DateTime.MinValue ? DateTime.Now : LastGoodReading();
setLastGoodReading(DateTime.Now);
return DateTime.Now > v_LastGoodReading.AddMilliseconds(m_ReadTimeOutInMilliseconds);
}
else
return false;
}
#region "IDriverService"
public override byte getStatus()
{
return m_Status;
}
public override byte[] read()
{
return System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(m_CurrentWeight.ToString());
}
public override byte[] read(int p_InitialPosition, int p_Size)
{
return read();
}
public override byte[] write(byte[] p_Data)
{
string v_Temp = System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetString(p_Data);
if (v_Temp.Equals("getScaleNumber"))
return System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(m_ScaleID.ToString());
else
throw new EDriverAccess(1, "Not implemented");
}
public override bool open()
{
this.thread = new Thread(run);
this.thread.Name = "SCALE";
this.thread.IsBackground = true;
this.thread.Start();
return true;
}
public override bool close()
{
try
{
this.release();
return true;
}
catch
{
return false;
}
}
public override int getVersion()
{
return Scale_version;
}
public override void setProperties(Dictionary<string, string> p_props)
{
try
{
this.m_Type = p_props["type"];
this.m_PortName = p_props["portName"];
this.m_BaudRate = Int32.Parse(p_props["baudRate"]);
this.m_Parity = char.Parse(p_props["parity"]);
this.m_DataBits = Int32.Parse(p_props["dataBits"]);
this.m_StopBits = p_props["stopBits"];
this.m_CommandReturnLength = Int32.Parse(p_props["returnLength"]);
this.m_CommandType = p_props["commandType"];
this.m_CommandValue = p_props["commandValue"];
this.m_ReadTimeOutInMilliseconds = Int32.Parse(p_props["readTimeout"]);
this.m_WeightInitialPosition = Int32.Parse(p_props["weightInitPos"]);
this.m_WeightFinalPosition = Int32.Parse(p_props["weightFinPos"]);
this.m_TimeBetweenReadsInMilliseconds = Int32.Parse(p_props["delayLeitura"]);
this.m_StableReadQuantity = Int32.Parse(p_props["qtdeLeituraEstavel"]);
this.m_MinimumWeight = Int32.Parse(p_props["pesoMinimo"]);
this.m_ScaleID = Int32.Parse(p_props["numBalanca"]);
if (p_props.ContainsKey("precision"))
this.m_Offset = Int32.Parse(p_props["precision"]);
}
catch (Exception)
{
throw new Exception();
}
}
public override void release()
{
this.m_Closed = true;
m_Status = 3; // "NO COMMUNICATION"
}
#endregion
}
}
Scales.cs:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Timers;
using Scales.Util;
namespace Scales.DLL
{
public class Scales : Status
{
public event EventHandler StableWeightChanged;
protected virtual void OnCountdownCompleted(EventArgs e)
{
if (StableWeightChanged != null)
StableWeightChanged(this, e);
}
System.Timers.Timer timerTimeWithoutSample;
private int m_IntervalsWithoutSample = 0;
private string m_EndOfWeightChar = "";
private void _timer_Elapsed(object sender, ElapsedEventArgs e)
{
m_IntervalsWithoutSample++;
}
public int IntervalsWithoutSample { get { return m_IntervalsWithoutSample; } }
private SerialPort m_SerialPort;
public string PortName { get; set; }
public int BaudRate { get; set; }
public int DataBits { get; set; }
private Double m_Weight = 0;
public Double Weight
{
get
{
if (m_BufferWeights.Count > 0)
{
try
{
m_Weight = treatReceivedValue(m_BufferWeights[m_BufferWeights.Count - 1]);
}
catch
{
}
finally
{
ErrorReadingWeight = (m_Weight != -1 ? false : true);
}
}
else
{
m_Weight = 0;
}
return m_Weight;
}
}
public List<Double> getAndFlushPastWeights()
{
List<Double> v_FlushedValues = new List<double>();
Double v_WeightCursor;
while (m_BufferWeights.Count > 1 && v_FlushedValues.Count < 200)
{
v_WeightCursor = treatReceivedValue(m_BufferWeights[0]);
if (v_WeightCursor >= 0)
{
v_FlushedValues.Add(v_WeightCursor);
}
m_BufferWeights.RemoveAt(0);
}
return v_FlushedValues;
}
public void ResetWeights()
{
if (m_BufferWeights != null)
{
m_BufferWeights.Clear();
}
}
public string NewLineCommandType { get; set; }
public string NewLineCommand { get; set; }
public int ReturnLength { get; set; }
public int WeightInitialPosition { get; set; }
public int WeightFinalPosition { get; set; }
public int MotionBitPos { get; set; }
public int ReadTimeOut { get; set; }
public bool OpenedPort { get; private set; }
public bool ErrorReadingWeight { get; private set; }
public DateTime LastGoodReading { get; private set; }
public bool IsStable { get; private set; }
private Parity PortParity { get; set; }
public string SerialParity
{
get { return PortParity.ToString(); }
set
{
setParity(value);
}
}
public int WeightReadLength
{
get
{
if (WeightFinalPosition >= WeightInitialPosition)
{
return WeightFinalPosition - WeightInitialPosition + 1;
}
else
{
return 0;
}
}
}
private StopBits PortStopBits { get; set; }
public string SerialStopBits
{
get { return PortStopBits.ToString(); }
set
{
setStopBits(value);
}
}
private void setParity(string p_Parity)
{
if (p_Parity.Equals(Parity.Even.ToString()))
{
PortParity = Parity.Even;
}
else if (p_Parity.Equals(Parity.Mark.ToString()))
{
PortParity = Parity.Mark;
}
else if (p_Parity.Equals(Parity.Odd.ToString()))
{
PortParity = Parity.Odd;
}
else if (p_Parity.Equals(Parity.Space.ToString()))
{
PortParity = Parity.Space;
}
else
{
PortParity = Parity.None;
}
}
private void setStopBits(string p_StopBits)
{
if (p_StopBits.Equals(StopBits.One.ToString()))
{
PortStopBits = StopBits.One;
}
else if (p_StopBits.Equals(StopBits.OnePointFive.ToString()))
{
PortStopBits = StopBits.OnePointFive;
}
else if (p_StopBits.Equals(StopBits.Two.ToString()))
{
PortStopBits = StopBits.Two;
}
else if (p_StopBits.Equals("1"))
{
PortStopBits = StopBits.One;
}
else if (p_StopBits.Equals("1.5"))
{
PortStopBits = StopBits.OnePointFive;
}
else if (p_StopBits.Equals("2"))
{
PortStopBits = StopBits.Two;
}
else
{
PortStopBits = StopBits.None;
}
}
public Scales()
{
OpenedPort = false;
ErrorReadingWeight = false;
IsStable = false;
m_IntervalsWithoutSample = 999999;
timerTimeWithoutSample = new System.Timers.Timer(5);
timerTimeWithoutSample.Elapsed += new ElapsedEventHandler(_timer_Elapsed);
}
private int ignoreNextXValues;
public void resetScale()
{
ErrorReadingWeight = false;
IsStable = false;
m_IntervalsWithoutSample = 999999;
ignoreNextXValues = 2;
m_BufferWeights.Clear();
m_BufferTime.Clear();
if (m_SerialPort != null && m_SerialPort.IsOpen)
{
m_SerialPort.Close();
m_SerialPort.Open();
m_SerialPort.DiscardInBuffer();
}
}
List<String> m_BufferWeights = new List<String>();
List<String> m_BufferTime = new List<String>();
public bool openPort()
{
try
{
if (m_SerialPort.IsOpen)
{
m_SerialPort.Close();
}
m_SerialPort.Open();
resetScale();
OpenedPort = true;
return true;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageDetail = ex.Message;
Return = -100;
OpenedPort = false;
return false;
}
}
public bool closePort()
{
try
{
if (m_SerialPort != null)
{
if (m_SerialPort.IsOpen)
{
m_SerialPort.Close();
}
}
OpenedPort = false;
return true;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageDetail = ex.Message;
Return = -101;
return false;
}
}
public bool configurePort()
{
try
{
m_SerialPort = new SerialPort();
m_SerialPort.PortName = PortName;
m_SerialPort.BaudRate = BaudRate;
m_SerialPort.Parity = PortParity;
m_SerialPort.DataBits = DataBits;
m_SerialPort.StopBits = PortStopBits;
m_SerialPort.ReadTimeout = ReadTimeOut > 0 ? ReadTimeOut : SerialPort.InfiniteTimeout;
m_SerialPort.NewLine = getNewLineCommand();
m_SerialPort.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(SerialPort_DataReceived);
return true;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageDetail = ex.Message;
Return = -102;
return false;
}
}
private string getNewLineCommand()
{
string v_Command = string.Empty;
if (NewLineCommandType.ToUpper().Equals(CommandTypes.CHAR.ToUpper()))
{
byte v_Char = Convert.ToByte(NewLineCommand);
v_Command = Convert.ToChar(v_Char).ToString();
}
else if (NewLineCommandType.ToUpper().Equals(CommandTypes.STRING.ToUpper()))
{
v_Command = NewLineCommand;
}
else
{
char[] v_delimiters = { '|' };
String[] v_Strings = NewLineCommand.Split(v_delimiters);
if (v_Strings.Length == 2)
{
v_Command = v_Strings[0];
m_EndOfWeightChar = v_Strings[1];
}
else
{
v_Command = NewLineCommand;
}
}
return v_Command;
}
private void SerialPort_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
try
{
LastGoodReading = DateTime.Now;
string ReadLine = m_SerialPort.ReadLine();
m_BufferWeights.Add(ReadLine);
}
catch (Exception)
{
m_Weight = 0;
LastGoodReading = DateTime.MinValue;
}
}
private Double treatReceivedValue(string p_ReceivedValue)
{
try
{
if (ignoreNextXValues > 0) ignoreNextXValues--;
if (ignoreNextXValues > 0) return 0;
double v_Value = double.MinValue;
p_ReceivedValue = p_ReceivedValue.Replace("\r", "").Replace("\n", "");
m_IntervalsWithoutSample = 0;
if (p_ReceivedValue.Length < WeightInitialPosition + WeightReadLength)
{
return -1;
}
if (MotionBitPos != -1 && p_ReceivedValue.Length < MotionBitPos - 1)
{
return -1;
}
string strValor = "";
if (NewLineCommandType.ToUpper().Equals(CommandTypes.VARIABLE_LENGTH.ToUpper()))
{
int v_EndCharPos = p_ReceivedValue.IndexOf(m_EndOfWeightChar);
if (v_EndCharPos != -1)
{
strValor = p_ReceivedValue.Substring(0, v_EndCharPos).Trim();
}
}
else
{
strValor = p_ReceivedValue.Substring(WeightInitialPosition, WeightReadLength).Trim();
}
bool IsDouble = double.TryParse(strValor, out v_Value);
if (IsDouble)
{
if (MotionBitPos != -1)
{
string bit = p_ReceivedValue.Substring(MotionBitPos, 1).Trim();
if (bit == "1")
{
IsStable = true;
}
else IsStable = false;
}
else
{
IsStable = true;
}
return v_Value;
}
else
{
return -1;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Return = -200;
MessageDetail = ex.Message + " - Fonte:readScales";
ErrorReadingWeight = true;
}
return -1;
}
}
}

I had a similar problem, using SerialPort.ReadExisting() insted of SerialPort.ReadLine() I was able to avoid the creation of infinite threads.

You should try to reduce your problematic code down to something more manageable, as it will make it easier for others to debug. There's a lot of application logic in there that's probably not relevant to the problem which can make it hard for people to see what's going on. You'll get a lot more answers if your example is shorter. You may even figure the problem out yourself in the process!
Having said that, I have a hunch about what's wrong but you'll need to do a little bit of the leg-work yourself to discover if I'm right or wrong:
The .NET serial port works by waiting for data to come in, and then firing the DataReceived event on a worker thread whenever it notices that there's new data. I believe you have 400 or 500 of these worker threads that never complete their work, so they never go away.
Your event handler for the SerialPort.DataReceived event looks like it's blocking waiting for a whole line to come in, but the event is going to be fired whenever there's some amount of new data on the serial port (not necessarily a whole line). If a long line of text comes in, the DataReceived event is going to fire many times, each on it's own worker thread. These worker threads are synchronized to each other, so they're all going to wait for the previous one to finish.
The first thread that gets queued up is going to wait for a while at m_SerialPort.ReadLine() until the whole line comes in.
A bunch of threads queue up behind the first thread as more characters come in. The rest of the threads will end up waiting for the first thread to finish running your event handler.
Finally, the whole line comes in. The first thread finishes, and one of the 5 or 6 that are queued up behind it gets to run and the process starts all over.
The running thread blocks on ReadLine, 5 or 6 more queue up behind it. (We're now back at 1)
Eventually you have so many threads queued up that you run into memory issues.
You probably have the read-timeout on m_SerialPort set to timeout.Infinite. If you set the timeout to something smaller, like 1 second (1000) and you get a lot of TimeoutExceptions in your SerialPort_DataReceived method, then I'm probably right
Side Note You should catch a more specific exception type in your DataReceived event handler. Catching exception can mask exactly this type of problem.
If I've correctly diagnosed the problem, you'll need to change the architecture of your program a little bit. The simplest thing to do is not subscribe to the DataReceived event and to have a single worker thread call m_SerialPort.ReadLine(); with an infinite timeout. When it reads a line, have that worker thread raise an event with the whole line of text received and subscribe to THAT event instead of the SerialPort.DataReceived(); event.
Alternatively, if you want to subscribe to the SerialPort.DataReceived(); event, then read individual characters out of the SerialPort until SerialPort.BytesToRead is zero and stick them in a buffer. Then, when you have a whole line raise some "LineReceived" event that you make yourself that returns the whole line at once as one of the EventArgs. This method is doesn't require you to spool up your own thread that persists for a really long time.

Kinect Speech Recognition not Working

I have a program that when the user says "Start" or "Stop", the program makes a skeleton display on the screen. I use the same code as the Shape Game, and it works fine there, but not on my code. I dont know which part of the code doesn't work since this is my first time eith speech recognition programming. Thanks for your help(Sorry if my code is messy)Recognizing the Speech
public class SpeechRecognizer : IDisposable
{
private KinectAudioSource kinectAudioSource;
private struct WhatSaid
{
public Verbs Verb;
}
protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (disposing)
{
this.Stop();
if (this.sre != null)
{
// NOTE: The SpeechRecognitionEngine can take a long time to dispose
// so we will dispose it on a background thread
ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(
delegate(object state)
{
IDisposable toDispose = state as IDisposable;
if (toDispose != null)
{
toDispose.Dispose();
}
},
this.sre);
this.sre = null;
}
this.isDisposed = true;
}
}
public void Dispose()
{
this.Dispose(true);
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
}
public EchoCancellationMode EchoCancellationMode
{
get
{
this.CheckDisposed();
return this.kinectAudioSource.EchoCancellationMode;
}
set
{
this.CheckDisposed();
this.kinectAudioSource.EchoCancellationMode = value;
}
}
public static SpeechRecognizer Create()
{
SpeechRecognizer recognizer = null;
try
{
recognizer = new SpeechRecognizer();
}
catch (Exception)
{
// speech prereq isn't installed. a null recognizer will be handled properly by the app.
}
return recognizer;
}
private void CheckDisposed()
{
if (this.isDisposed)
{
throw new ObjectDisposedException("SpeechRecognizer");
}
}
public void Stop()
{
this.CheckDisposed();
if (this.sre != null)
{
this.kinectAudioSource.Stop();
this.sre.RecognizeAsyncCancel();
this.sre.RecognizeAsyncStop();
this.sre.SpeechRecognized -= this.SreSpeechRecognized;
this.sre.SpeechHypothesized -= this.SreSpeechHypothesized;
this.sre.SpeechRecognitionRejected -= this.SreSpeechRecognitionRejected;
}
}
public void Start(KinectAudioSource kinectSource)
{
this.CheckDisposed();
this.kinectAudioSource = kinectSource;
this.kinectAudioSource.AutomaticGainControlEnabled = false;
this.kinectAudioSource.BeamAngleMode = BeamAngleMode.Adaptive;
var kinectStream = this.kinectAudioSource.Start();
this.sre.SetInputToAudioStream(
kinectStream, new SpeechAudioFormatInfo(EncodingFormat.Pcm, 16000, 16, 1, 32000, 2, null));
this.sre.RecognizeAsync(RecognizeMode.Multiple);
}
public enum Verbs
{
None = 0,
Start,
Stop,
Resume,
Pause
}
private bool isDisposed;
private readonly Dictionary<string, WhatSaid> speechCommands = new Dictionary<string, WhatSaid>
{
{ "Start", new WhatSaid { Verb = Verbs.Start } },
{ "Stop", new WhatSaid { Verb = Verbs.Stop } },
{ "Resume", new WhatSaid { Verb = Verbs.Resume } },
{ "Pause", new WhatSaid { Verb = Verbs.Pause } },
};
private SpeechRecognitionEngine sre;
private static RecognizerInfo GetKinectRecognizer()
{
Func<RecognizerInfo, bool> matchingFunc = r =>
{
string value;
r.AdditionalInfo.TryGetValue("Kinect", out value);
return "True".Equals(value, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase) && "en-US".Equals(r.Culture.Name, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase);
};
return SpeechRecognitionEngine.InstalledRecognizers().Where(matchingFunc).FirstOrDefault();
}
private SpeechRecognizer()
{
RecognizerInfo ri = GetKinectRecognizer();
this.sre = new SpeechRecognitionEngine(ri);
this.LoadGrammar(this.sre);
}
private void LoadGrammar(SpeechRecognitionEngine speechRecognitionEngine)
{
// Build a simple grammar of shapes, colors, and some simple program control
var single = new Choices();
foreach (var phrase in this.speechCommands)
{
single.Add(phrase.Key);
}
var objectChoices = new Choices();
objectChoices.Add(single);
var actionGrammar = new GrammarBuilder();
actionGrammar.AppendWildcard();
actionGrammar.Append(objectChoices);
var allChoices = new Choices();
allChoices.Add(actionGrammar);
allChoices.Add(single);
// This is needed to ensure that it will work on machines with any culture, not just en-us.
var gb = new GrammarBuilder { Culture = speechRecognitionEngine.RecognizerInfo.Culture };
gb.Append(allChoices);
var g = new Grammar(gb);
speechRecognitionEngine.LoadGrammar(g);
speechRecognitionEngine.SpeechRecognized += this.SreSpeechRecognized;
speechRecognitionEngine.SpeechHypothesized += this.SreSpeechHypothesized;
speechRecognitionEngine.SpeechRecognitionRejected += this.SreSpeechRecognitionRejected;
}
private void SreSpeechRecognitionRejected(object sender, SpeechRecognitionRejectedEventArgs e)
{
var said = new SaidSomethingEventArgs { Verb = Verbs.None, Matched = "?" };
this.SetLabel("Word not Recognized.... Try 'Start', 'Stop', 'Pause' or 'Resume'");
if (this.SaidSomething != null)
{
this.SaidSomething(new object(), said);
}
}
private void SreSpeechHypothesized(object sender, SpeechHypothesizedEventArgs e)
{
this.SetLabel("I think you said: " + e.Result.Text);
}
public event EventHandler<SaidSomethingEventArgs> SaidSomething;
private void SreSpeechRecognized(object sender, SpeechRecognizedEventArgs e)
{
this.SetLabel("\rSpeech Recognized: \t" + e.Result.Text);
if ((this.SaidSomething == null) || (e.Result.Confidence < 0.3))
{
return;
}
var said = new SaidSomethingEventArgs { Verb = 0, Phrase = e.Result.Text };
foreach (var phrase in this.speechCommands)
{
if (e.Result.Text.Contains(phrase.Key) && (phrase.Value.Verb == Verbs.Pause))
{
//pause = true;
break;
}
else if ((e.Result.Text.Contains(phrase.Key) && (phrase.Value.Verb == Verbs.Resume)))
{
//resume = true;
break;
}
else if ((e.Result.Text.Contains(phrase.Key) && (phrase.Value.Verb == Verbs.Start)))
{
//start = true;
break;
}
else if ((e.Result.Text.Contains(phrase.Key) && (phrase.Value.Verb == Verbs.Stop)))
{
//stop = true;
break;
}
}
// Look for a match in the order of the lists below, first match wins.
List<Dictionary<string, WhatSaid>> allDicts = new List<Dictionary<string, WhatSaid>> { this.speechCommands };
bool found = false;
for (int i = 0; i < allDicts.Count && !found; ++i)
{
foreach (var phrase in allDicts[i])
{
if (e.Result.Text.Contains(phrase.Key))
{
found = true;
break;
}
}
}
if (!found)
{
return;
}
}
public class SaidSomethingEventArgs : EventArgs
{
public Verbs Verb { get; set; }
public string Phrase { get; set; }
public string Matched { get; set; }
}
public event Action<string> SetLabel = delegate { };
}
In my Code
private void RecognizeSaidSomething(object sender, SpeechRecognizer.SpeechRecognizer.SaidSomethingEventArgs e)
{
FlyingText.FlyingText.NewFlyingText(this.skeleton.Width / 30, new Point(this.skeleton.Width / 2, this.skeleton.Height / 2), e.Matched);
switch (e.Verb)
{
case SpeechRecognizer.SpeechRecognizer.Verbs.Pause:
pause = true;
break;
case SpeechRecognizer.SpeechRecognizer.Verbs.Resume:
resume = true;
break;
case SpeechRecognizer.SpeechRecognizer.Verbs.Start:
start = true;
break;
case SpeechRecognizer.SpeechRecognizer.Verbs.Stop:
stop = true;
break;
}
}

It doesn't look like you ever call RecognizeSaidSomething() from SreSpeechRecognized(). You create the event args:
var said = new SaidSomethingEventArgs { Verb = 0, Phrase =
e.Result.Text };
But it doesn't appear that you do anything with it.
The foreach loop below that doesn't seem to serve any purpose, you test for the phrase then just break out of the loop. You don't set any variables or call any functions in that loop that I can see.
Then there is a for loop that appears to do something similar to the foreach loop (just in a different manner). It searches for matches to the recognized phrase, but then doesn't do anything with what it finds. It just returns.
I would think somewhere in the SreSpeechRecognized() event handler you want to call RecognizeSaidSomething() and pass it the SaidSomethingEventArgs.