Simple Webrtc relay bridge Server in C# - c#

I have a fully working peerTopeer (P1, P2) webRTC. To handle peerTopeer failures, I am trying for a simple exchange of bytes via a server in c# between P1 and P2 on a windows machine, as I don't want to develop a turn server by specs. I have also tried to find an open source c# server turn server with turn message but its not working (able to parse request but response seems to be not accepted by latest chrome/MS Edge chromium based)
Simple C# relay bridge server:
With simple udp/tcp listener and exchange of bytes with peers, (P1 to P2 and P2 to P1) and forcing bridge machine IP as candidate I am able to achieve connections and streaming data (bytes) are exchanged.
However unable to see video/hear audio on peers and also after some exchange, the connections are dropped with connectionState failed on the client side.
Q1. It should have worked, what is going wrong?
Q2. Any opensource c# implementation of stun and turn (simple one)?
I appreciate any help in this regard.
Server and Client code samples:
Listen to tcp / udp(not in sample)
public void ListenTCP(int port) {
TcpListener listener = new TcpListener(IPAddress.Any, port);
listener.Start();
while (true){
TcpClient tcpClient = listener.AcceptTcpClient();
..........add endpoint to list
var bytes = readfromtcpstream.......;
Task.Run(() => ProcessData(tcpClient.Client.RemoteEndPoint, bytes));
}
}
ProcessData (exchange stream bytes)
private void Process_DATA(IPEndPoint fromEndPoint, byte[] bytes) {
foreach (var endpoint in list) { //distribute to all other peers
if (endpoint == fromEndPoint) continue;
endpoint's TCPClient.Send(bytes);
}
}
On the client side (Javascript / typescript), forcing the candidate as bridge server
SignalType.Candidate...
candidate = new RTCIceCandidate(Switch the SDP(messageJson.candidate,
BridgeServerAddress, "2525", "tcp"));
m_PeerConnection.addIceCandidate(candidate)

Simply modifying the ice candidate you got from P2P is unlikely to work since TCP candidates work a bit differently. And a TURN server is very different from a simple bridge.
The following SDP contains a TCP candidate with tcptype passive which will make the other side establish a connection to it. Feed it into setRemoteDescription, then create an answer and call setLocalDescription with the answer.
v=0
o=- 2576067654554894849 3 IN IP4 127.0.0.1
s=-
t=0 0
a=group:BUNDLE audio
a=msid-semantic: WMS
m=audio 9 UDP/TLS/RTP/SAVPF 111
c=IN IP4 0.0.0.0
a=rtcp:9 IN IP4 0.0.0.0
a=candidate:2698387310 1 tcp 25042943 127.0.0.1 31337 typ host tcptype passive generation 0
a=ice-ufrag:server
a=ice-pwd:Kv6yCw1HiZ1/6uNExYcE28pO
a=fingerprint:sha-256 22:46:36:8D:B1:CD:08:7B:A1:60:86:BF:95:90:06:4B:EA:47:D9:74:24:FF:6D:2F:1C:09:5B:C1:F5:8D:CC:B2
a=setup:actpass
a=mid:audio
a=extmap:1 urn:ietf:params:rtp-hdrext:ssrc-audio-level
a=extmap:3 http://www.webrtc.org/experiments/rtp-hdrext/abs-send-time
a=recvonly
a=rtcp-mux
a=rtpmap:111 opus/48000/2
a=rtcp-fb:111 transport-cc
a=fmtp:111 minptime=10;useinbandfec=1
The browser should establish a connection to port 31337 on localhost (note that Firefox doesn't allow localhost ICE by default so try this in Chrome first).
From there, you'll have to process ICE, decrypt SRTP etc.

Related

c# : UDPClient not receiving multicast from one of the Network Adapters

I would like to test Receive of multicast messages using UDP Client
I have two network adapters.
Network 1: with local IP : 10.239.1.1 [Multicast Group : 224.1.1.1 : 42333]
Network 2 : with local IP : 172.4.1.1 [Multicast Group : 224.0.1.1 : 42333]
Note : I can see all the multicast on wire shark
In my program I created and joined the multicast group as bellow.
_LocalUDPClient = new UdpClient(new IPEndPoint(_localIpAddress, _multiCastPort));
_LocalUDPClient.Client.SetSocketOption(SocketOptionLevel.Socket, SocketOptionName.ReuseAddress, true);
_LocalUDPClient.JoinMulticastGroup(_multicastIpAddress, _localIpAddress);
_LocalUDPClient.BeginReceive(new AsyncCallback(ReceiveCallBack), null);
Network 1 :
_localIpAddress = 10.239.1.1
_multicastIpAddress = 224.1.1.1
_multiCastPort = 42333
I receive multicast message successfully.
BUT
Network 2 :
_localIpAddress = 172.4.1.1
_multicastIpAddress = 224.0.1.1
_multiCastPort = 42333
Not receiving any Multicast data.
It is not a c# code issue, It is Firewall issue.
open firewall and network protection under system settings
You should be able to see your .exe under "Allow an app through firewall".
In my case I can see it 3 times with different settings.
I deleted all and added manually my program .exe with allow for all network types, I got multicasts now.

Understanding and creating a protocol for Python

I have documentation on how to use a TCP/IP binary stream API. The attached images show the protocol. I have a working example of this in C#. I want to do this using python instead, as I don't know c# or windows.
I am assuming I would use python sockets, then I have to send the API messages, with payloads looking at this docs.
Could you point me in the right direction to get this going with python?
How would I set it to know this is the authentication message, 0x21 and compress the data etc?
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect((HOST, PORT))
s.sendall(u"{'username':'username', 'password':'password'}".encode('utf8'))
in OSI model you are above layer 4 (transport, TCP/IP,...) on at least layer 5 (session). there are some examples of implementations of session layer protocols like http, ftp,... i.e. in http://github.com/python-git/python/blob/master/Lib/ftplib.py or http://github.com/python-git/python/blob/master/Lib/httplib.py
as your protocol includes headers maybe http is the better example
to use the TCP/IP API in http protocol see
http://www.stackoverflow.com/questions/8315209/sending-http-headers-with-python
import socket
sock = socket.socket()
sock.bind(('', 8080))
sock.listen(5)
client, adress = sock.accept()
print "Incoming:", adress
print client.recv(1024)
print
client.send('HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n')
client.send("Content-Type: text/html\r\n\r\n")
client.send('<html><body><h1>Hello World</body></html>')
client.close()
print "Answering ..."
print "Finished."
sock.close()
as far as i can see you skipped the headers (version, sequence, type, encoding, ...) in your code completely you have to add them whenever you send a frame
so try
self.socket.send(...headers...)
self.socket.send(u"{'username':'username', 'password':'password'}".encode('utf8')) // has to be send as JSON ???
see also http://www.stackoverflow.com/questions/22083359/send-tetx-http-over-python-socket
ftp example (no headers...)
# Internal: send one line to the server, appending CRLF
def putline(self, line):
line = line + CRLF
if self.debugging > 1: print '*put*', self.sanitize(line)
self.sock.sendall(line)
also see scapy
I try to use tcp protocol once. You can send authorization values(username ,password ) in all requests.And other data with it exp({'username':'username', 'password':'password','data':'value'}).With this there is no any current standart for data. Many of tcp clients send that data like this #A#:username;password;#D:value\n (A -authorization ,D -data), example

C# Server to Android Client Behind the NAT

I need to establish a connection from a public ip server implemented in c sharp to an android device behind the NAT and I was able to got SPD message from the android device using ICE4j library using this code
String toSend = SdpUtils.createSDPDescription(agent); //Each computer sends this information
and I got the following message
v=0
o=ice4j.org 0 0 IN IP4 192.168.1.14
s=-
t=0 0
a=ice-options:trickle
a=ice-ufrag:dikj41a5eequb2
a=ice-pwd:3t07qqjndu5pkneh53c6kqti3l
m=audio 5000 RTP/AVP 0
c=IN 192.168.1.14 IP4
a=mid:audio
a=candidate:1 1 udp 2130706431 fe80::1afe:34ff:fe29:c233 5000 typ host
a=candidate:2 1 udp 2130706431 192.168.1.14 5000 typ host
a=candidate:3 1 udp 1677724415 91.93.202.127 5000 typ srflx raddr 192.168.1.14 rport 5000
and the server stores this message so my question is what I have to do to establish a connection from the server to the android device using these information

How to send a WOL package(or anything at all) through a nic which has no IP address?

I'm trying to send a WOL package on all interfaces in order to wake up the gateway(which is the DHCP server, so the machine won't have an IP yet).
And it seems that I can only bind sockets to IP and port pairs...
So the question is: How can a create a socket(or something else) that is bound to a NIC that has no IP?
(Any languge is ok. c# is prefered)
#ctacke: I know that WOL is done by MAC address... My problem is that windows only sends UDP broadcasts on the NIC what Windows considers to be the primary NIC (which is not even the NIC with the default route on my Vista machine). And I can not seems to find a way to bind a socket to an interface which has no IP address. (like DHCP clients do this)
#Arnout: Why not? The clients know the MAC address of the gateway. I just want a send a WOL packet like a DHCP client does initially...(DHCP discover packets claim to come from 0.0.0.0) I don't mind if I have to construct the whole packet byte by byte...
It seems that I have found a solution. One can use winpcap to inject packets to any interface.
And there is good wrapper for .net: http://www.tamirgal.com/home/dev.aspx?Item=SharpPcap
(I would have prefered a solution which requires no extra libraries to be installed...)
UPDATE: Here is what I came up for sending a WOL packet on all interfaces:
//You need SharpPcap for this to work
private void WakeFunction(string MAC_ADDRESS)
{
/* Retrieve the device list */
Tamir.IPLib.PcapDeviceList devices = Tamir.IPLib.SharpPcap.GetAllDevices();
/*If no device exists, print error */
if (devices.Count < 1)
{
Console.WriteLine("No device found on this machine");
return;
}
foreach (NetworkDevice device in devices)
{
//Open the device
device.PcapOpen();
//A magic packet is a broadcast frame containing anywhere within its payload: 6 bytes of ones
//(resulting in hexadecimal FF FF FF FF FF FF), followed by sixteen repetitions
byte[] bytes = new byte[120];
int counter = 0;
for (int y = 0; y < 6; y++)
bytes[counter++] = 0xFF;
//now repeat MAC 16 times
for (int y = 0; y < 16; y++)
{
int i = 0;
for (int z = 0; z < 6; z++)
{
bytes[counter++] =
byte.Parse(MAC_ADDRESS.Substring(i, 2),
NumberStyles.HexNumber);
i += 2;
}
}
byte[] etherheader = new byte[54];//If you say so...
var myPacket = new Tamir.IPLib.Packets.UDPPacket(EthernetFields_Fields.ETH_HEADER_LEN, etherheader);
//Ethernet
myPacket.DestinationHwAddress = "FFFFFFFFFFFFF";//it's buggy if you don't have lots of "F"s... (I don't really understand it...)
try { myPacket.SourceHwAddress = device.MacAddress; }
catch { myPacket.SourceHwAddress = "0ABCDEF"; }//whatever
myPacket.EthernetProtocol = EthernetProtocols_Fields.IP;
//IP
myPacket.DestinationAddress = "255.255.255.255";
try { myPacket.SourceAddress = device.IpAddress; }
catch { myPacket.SourceAddress = "0.0.0.0"; }
myPacket.IPProtocol = IPProtocols_Fields.UDP;
myPacket.TimeToLive = 50;
myPacket.Id = 100;
myPacket.Version = 4;
myPacket.IPTotalLength = bytes.Length - EthernetFields_Fields.ETH_HEADER_LEN; //Set the correct IP length
myPacket.IPHeaderLength = IPFields_Fields.IP_HEADER_LEN;
//UDP
myPacket.SourcePort = 9;
myPacket.DestinationPort = 9;
myPacket.UDPLength = UDPFields_Fields.UDP_HEADER_LEN;
myPacket.UDPData = bytes;
myPacket.ComputeIPChecksum();
myPacket.ComputeUDPChecksum();
try
{
//Send the packet out the network device
device.PcapSendPacket(myPacket);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
device.PcapClose();
}
}
WOL is a very flexible protocol that can be implemented in multiple different ways.
The most common are:
Sending a WOL as the payload of an ethernet packet.
Sending a WOL as the payload of a UDP packet (for routing across the net).
Once it lands on the local network it's passes to all the hosts on the network using the broadcast MAC address.
For an Ethernet packet the structure is:
Destination MAC: FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF (Broadcast)
A Magic Packet Payload
For a UDP packet the structure is:
Destination MAC: FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF (Broadcast)
UDP Port: 9
A Magic Packet Payload
The Magic Payload consists of:
The Synchronization Stream: FFFFFFFFFFFF (that's 6 pairs or 6 bytes of FF)
16 copies of the MAC of the computer you're signaling to WOL
An optional passphrase of 0, 4, or 6 bytes.
To receive WOL packets from the internet (through a firewall/router):
Configure router port 9 to forward to IP 255.255.255.255 (Broadcast IP)
Set the destination IP: The external IP of the router
Note: This can only be achieved using the UDP example because Ethernet packets lack the IP layer necessary for the packet to be routed through the internet. IE, Ethernet packets are the local-network-only option. The issue with sending WOL packets over UDP is security because you have to set the router to enable IP broadcasting (255.255.255.255). Enabling broadcasting over IP is usually considered a bad idea because of the added risk of internal attack within the network (Ping flooding, cache spoofing, etc...).
For more info on the protocol including a sample capture see this site.
If you want a quick-and-dirty command line tool that generates WOL packets (and you're running on a debian, linux mint, or Ubuntu) you can install a tool that already does this.
Just install using the command line with:
sudo apt-get install wakeonlan
Update:
Here's a working example that generates a WakeOnLan packet using the current version of SharpPcap.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net.NetworkInformation;
using PacketDotNet;
using SharpPcap;
namespace SharpPcap.Test.Example9
{
public class DumpTCP
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Print SharpPcap version
string ver = SharpPcap.Version.VersionString;
Console.WriteLine("SharpPcap {0}, Example9.SendPacket.cs\n", ver);
// Retrieve the device list
var devices = CaptureDeviceList.Instance;
// If no devices were found print an error
if(devices.Count < 1)
{
Console.WriteLine("No devices were found on this machine");
return;
}
Console.WriteLine("The following devices are available on this machine:");
Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
int i = 0;
// Print out the available devices
foreach(var dev in devices)
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}) {1}",i,dev.Description);
i++;
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.Write("-- Please choose a device to send a packet on: ");
i = int.Parse( Console.ReadLine() );
var device = devices[i];
Console.Write("What MAC address are you sending the WOL packet to: ");
string response = Console.ReadLine().ToLower().Replace(":", "-");
//Open the device
device.Open();
EthernetPacket ethernet = new EthernetPacket(PhysicalAddress.Parse(
"ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff"), PhysicalAddress.Parse("ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff"),
EthernetPacketType.WakeOnLan);
ethernet.PayloadPacket = new WakeOnLanPacket(
PhysicalAddress.Parse(response));
byte[] bytes = ethernet.BytesHighPerformance.Bytes;
try
{
//Send the packet out the network device
device.SendPacket(bytes);
Console.WriteLine("-- Packet sent successfuly.");
}
catch(Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine("-- "+ e.Message );
}
//Close the pcap device
device.Close();
Console.WriteLine("-- Device closed.");
Console.Write("Hit 'Enter' to exit...");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
Note: This is a fully functional Wake-On-Lan packet sending console application built on the Example09 that can be found in the SharpPcap source.
The libraries used in this example that can't be found in the .NET framework are:
using PacketDotNet;
This library (.dll) comes packaged with SharpPcap. It is responsible for all of the packet construction and parsing within SharpPcap. This is where the WakeOnLan class resides.
Note: The packet construction/parsing code was originally bundled within SharpPcap.dll. It was migrated to its own lib because SharpPcap is meant to be a wrapper for winpcap. Many of its users deal with designing protocols and/or handling raw networking packets.
using SharpPcap;
SharpPcap contains all of the winpcap(windows)/libpcap(*nix) wrapper code. It's needed to select the interface and send the actual packets across the wire.
WOL is done by MAC, not IP. Here's an example.
.NET operates as a virtual machine (the CLR), so it abstracts away much of the underlying real machine. For example, it only provides interfaces for TCP and UDP networking, which is much higher in the network protocol stack that what you are discussing. You might be able to find a third-party component that provides access to a lower-level interface, but I would not count on it (I have looked in the past for .NET and Java).
For access to that low in the network protocol stack, you probably will need to code in C to the relevant OS system calls. You may find this easiest in Python, and you may find this functionality already implemented in Python's or third-party libraries. For example, I suggest taking a look at the Twisted networking libraries. That was one of the reasons that I switched to Python for much of my work.
Best wishes.

What is the best way for a client app to find a server on a local network in C#?

The client connects to the server using GenuineChannels (we are considering switching to DotNetRemoting). What I mean by find is obtain the IP and port number of a server to connect to.
It seems like a brute-force approach would be try every IP on the network try the active ports (not even sure if that's possible) but there must be a better way.
Consider broadcasting a specific UDP packet. When the server or servers see the broadcasted UDP packet they send a reply. The client can collect the replies from all the servers and start connecting to them or based on an election algorithm.
See example for client (untested code):
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
[STAThread]
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Socket socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,
SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);
socket.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 8002));
socket.Connect(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Broadcast, 8001));
socket.Send(System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes("hello"));
int availableBytes = socket.Available;
if (availableBytes > 0)
{
byte[] buffer = new byte[availableBytes];
socket.Receive(buffer, 0, availableBytes, SocketFlags.None);
// buffer has the information on how to connect to the server
}
}
I'd say the best way is to use Bonjour/Zeroconf/mDNS for C#; a lot of thought went into making it play nice with the network; IE it pings less frequently over time if possible, etc. There's Mono.Zeroconf, and I read there's an older .NET project in the Apple SDK but I haven't found it.
So the easiest would be to install Bonjour for Windows, then get the Windows Binaries for Mono.Zeroconf try the example MZClient.exe drop the Mono.Zeroconf.dll and/or Mono.Zeroconf.Providers.Bonjour.dll into your project references and go.
Something like this:
var service = new Mono.Zeroconf.RegisterService {
Name = "Use Me for Stuff",
RegType = "_daap._tcp",
ReplyDomain = "local.",
Port = 0024200,
TxtRecord = new Mono.Zeroconf.TxtRecord {
{"I have no idea what's going on", "true"}}
};
service.Register();
var browser = new Mono.Zeroconf.ServiceBrowser();
browser.ServiceAdded +=
delegate(object o, Mono.Zeroconf.ServiceBrowseEventArgs args) {
Console.WriteLine("Found Service: {0}", args.Service.Name);
args.Service.Resolved +=
delegate(object o, Mono.Zeroconf.ServiceBrowseEventArgs args) {
var s = args.Service;
Console.WriteLine(
"Resolved Service: {0} - {1}:{2} ({3} TXT record entries)",
s.FullName, s.HostEntry.AddressList[0], s.Port, s.TxtRecord.Count);
};
args.Service.Resolve();
};
browser.Browse("_daap._tcp", "local");
Just wanted to point out an alternative Zeroconf NuGet package: Zeroconf. It does not have any native dependencies, so you don't need to install Bonjour for Windows or anything else.
It has support for .NET 4.5, WP8 and Win8.
WS-Discovery is a protocol intended for this purpose. It has a few different variations, different flavors of broadcasting and proxies. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WS-Discovery
.NET WCF4 implements this.
Have the server listen for broadcast on a specific port on the network (must use UDP), When client starts have it broadcast some "ping" request on that port. when the server sees a "ping" it send back a message with the TCP address and port required for the client to connect to it.

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