how to solve the error in this program in C#? [closed] - c#

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namespace comparision
{
class numbers
{
private static string comparision;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("Enter number a:");
string a = Console.ReadLine();
Console.WriteLine("Enter number b:");
string b = Console.ReadLine();
if a > b;
Console.WriteLine("a is greater than b");
else;
Console.WriteLine("a is greater than b");
return;
}
}
}
What I have done wrong ?

If I assume I know what your end goal is, here's everything that is wrong with your program:
You can't compare strings with just a > b. At the very best this would be a lexicographical comparison, which would compare the string "2" to be "greater than" "10", because it compares it character by character.
I guess you actually meant the two things you input to be actual numbers, in which case you either want:
int a = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine()); // if integers (whole numbers)
or
double a = double.Parse(Console.ReadLine()); // if floating point
And same goes for the b variable
However, < and > are not defined for string comparison. If you actually want to do string comparison, and not numeric comparison, you could use one of the members of the StringComparer class to pick the type of string comparison, such as StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase.Compare(a, b) which would return a number less than 0 (if a < b), greater than zero (if a > b) or equal to zero (if a == b).
The syntax for an if-statement is if (...), not if ...;
The syntax for else doesn't require a semicolon. What you've actually done is to say "else do nothing", the semicolon means "do nothing" when placed like this. You want to take that out.
As for other improvements, that aren't actual errors:
You don't need a return statement for a method that returns void, if it's the last thing you do in the method
You have no use for the static string field you've declared
The two messages you output are the same, which means the program will say the same regardless of which number is the greatest one
What happens if you input two equal numbers?
So here's one different version of your program:
namespace comparision
{
class numbers
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("Enter number a:");
int a = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
Console.WriteLine("Enter number b:");
int b = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
if (a > b)
Console.WriteLine("a is greater than b");
else if (a < b)
Console.WriteLine("a is less than b");
else
Console.WriteLine("a is equal to b");
}
}
}

Ok at the beggining I think you make some mistakes. From the start conditional for if should be inside () and after it you don't use semicolon same with else. You can't compare strings like that so you need change type for a and b for example on int and Convert string input in int. Here is corrected code:
namespace comparision
{
class numbers
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("Enter number a:");
int a = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
Console.WriteLine("Enter number b:");
int b = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
if (a > b)
Console.WriteLine("a is greater than b");
else
Console.WriteLine("a is not greater than b");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}

Related

Best way for user to control integer [closed]

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I cooked this up and was wondering if there is a better way to do this.
```Console.WriteLine("Name me.");
String cn = Console.ReadLine();
Console.WriteLine($"I like this name ,{cn}, What is my funcion? ");
String fn = Console.ReadLine();
Console.WriteLine($"I will learn how to do {fn} for you.");
Console.WriteLine("I Will double any number you give me.");
int a = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
int b = 2;
Console.WriteLine(a * b);
```
"Best" is subjective, but there are a few problems with the code:
Any non-number string entered will throw an exception
Any decimal number string will also throw an exception.
Instead of using Convert.ToInt32, you should consider using the TryParse method instead. This method takes in a string and an out parameter that gets set to the converted value if it's successful (otherwise 0), and it returns a bool that indicates success. If we use the decimal type, we will end up with a number that has very good precision and can include decimals.
If we then create a method with a loop that uses the result of TryParse as a condition, we can loop until the user enters a correct number.
We could also allow the user to pass in a validation method, so that they can specify what the rules are for a "valid" number (i.e. if it must be greater than zero, or must be odd, etc.).
Then we might end up with something like this:
public static decimal GetDecimalFromUser(string prompt,
Func<decimal, bool> validator = null)
{
bool isValid = true;
decimal result;
do
{
if (!isValid)
{
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
Console.WriteLine("Invalid input, please try again.");
Console.ResetColor();
}
else isValid = false;
Console.Write(prompt);
} while (!decimal.TryParse(Console.ReadLine(), out result) &&
(validator == null || !validator.Invoke(result)));
return result;
}
Similarly, we can write code that prompts the user for string input. This will save us a few lines of code in our Main method, because we don't have to keep writing Console.WriteLine and Console.ReadLine:
public static string GetStringFromUser(string prompt)
{
Console.Write(prompt);
return Console.ReadLine();
}
Now we can write code where the user cannot enter invalid input! In use, the code would then look like:
string name = GetStringFromUser("Please give me a name: ");
string fn = GetStringFromUser($"I like this name, {name}. What is my function? ");
Console.WriteLine($"I will learn how to do {fn} for you.");
decimal input = GetDecimalFromUser("Please enter a number and I will double it: ");
Console.WriteLine($"{input} * 2 = {input * 2}");

C# read value from user console.read [duplicate]

What I am looking for is how to read an integer that was given by the user from the command line (console project). I primarily know C++ and have started down the C# path. I know that Console.ReadLine(); only takes a char/string. So in short I am looking for the integer version of this.
Just to give you an idea of what I'm doing exactly:
Console.WriteLine("1. Add account.");
Console.WriteLine("Enter choice: ");
Console.ReadLine(); // Needs to take in int rather than string or char.
I have been looking for quite a while for this. I have found a lot on C but not C#. I did find however a thread, on another site, that suggested to convert from char to int. I'm sure there has to be a more direct way than converting.
You can convert the string to integer using Convert.ToInt32() function
int intTemp = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
I would suggest you use TryParse:
Console.WriteLine("1. Add account.");
Console.WriteLine("Enter choice: ");
string input = Console.ReadLine();
int number;
Int32.TryParse(input, out number);
This way, your application does not throw an exception, if you try to parse something like "1q" or "23e", because somebody made a faulty input.
Int32.TryParse returns a boolean value, so you can use it in an if statement, to see whether or not you need to branch of your code:
int number;
if(!Int32.TryParse(input, out number))
{
//no, not able to parse, repeat, throw exception, use fallback value?
}
To your question: You will not find a solution to read an integer because ReadLine() reads the whole command line, threfor returns a string. What you can do is, try to convert this input into and int16/32/64 variable.
There are several methods for this:
Int.Parse()
Convert.ToInt()
Int.TryParse()
If you are in doubt about the input, which is to be converted, always go for the TryParse methods, no matter if you try to parse strings, int variable or what not.
Update
In C# 7.0 out variables can be declared directly where they are passed in as an argument, so the above code could be condensed into this:
if(Int32.TryParse(input, out int number))
{
/* Yes input could be parsed and we can now use number in this code block
scope */
}
else
{
/* No, input could not be parsed to an integer */
}
A complete example would look like this:
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("Hello World!");
var foo = Console.ReadLine();
if (int.TryParse(foo, out int number1)) {
Console.WriteLine($"{number1} is a number");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine($"{foo} is not a number");
}
Console.WriteLine($"The value of the variable {nameof(number1)} is {number1}");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
Here you can see, that the variable number1 does get initialized even if the input is not a number and has the value 0 regardless, so it is valid even outside the declaring if block
You need to typecast the input. try using the following
int input = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
It will throw exception if the value is non-numeric.
Edit
I understand that the above is a quick one. I would like to improve my answer:
String input = Console.ReadLine();
int selectedOption;
if(int.TryParse(input, out selectedOption))
{
switch(selectedOption)
{
case 1:
//your code here.
break;
case 2:
//another one.
break;
//. and so on, default..
}
}
else
{
//print error indicating non-numeric input is unsupported or something more meaningful.
}
int op = 0;
string in = string.Empty;
do
{
Console.WriteLine("enter choice");
in = Console.ReadLine();
} while (!int.TryParse(in, out op));
Use this simple line:
int x = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
I didn't see a good and complete answer to your question, so I will show a more complete example. There are some methods posted showing how to get integer input from the user, but whenever you do this you usually also need to
validate the input
display an error message if invalid input
is given, and
loop through until a valid input is given.
This example shows how to get an integer value from the user that is equal to or greater than 1. If invalid input is given, it will catch the error, display an error message, and request the user to try again for a correct input.
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int intUserInput = 0;
bool validUserInput = false;
while (validUserInput == false)
{
try
{
Console.Write("Please enter an integer value greater than or equal to 1: ");
intUserInput = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine()); //try to parse the user input to an int variable
}
catch (Exception e) //catch exception for invalid input, such as a letter
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
if (intUserInput >= 1) { validUserInput = true; }
else { Console.WriteLine(intUserInput + " is not a valid input, please enter an integer greater than 0."); }
} //end while
Console.WriteLine("You entered " + intUserInput);
Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit ");
Console.ReadKey();
} //end main
In your question it looks like you wanted to use this for menu options. So if you wanted to get int input for choosing a menu option you could change the if statement to
if ( (intUserInput >= 1) && (intUserInput <= 4) )
This would work if you needed the user to pick an option of 1, 2, 3, or 4.
I used int intTemp = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine()); and it worked well, here's my example:
int balance = 10000;
int retrieve = 0;
Console.Write("Hello, write the amount you want to retrieve: ");
retrieve = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
Better way is to use TryParse:
Int32 _userInput;
if(Int32.TryParse (Console.Readline(), out _userInput) {// do the stuff on userInput}
Try this it will not throw exception and user can try again:
Console.WriteLine("1. Add account.");
Console.WriteLine("Enter choice: ");
int choice = 0;
while (!Int32.TryParse(Console.ReadLine(), out choice))
{
Console.WriteLine("Wrong input! Enter choice number again:");
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("Please enter a number from 1 to 10");
int counter = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
//Here is your variable
Console.WriteLine("The numbers start from");
do
{
counter++;
Console.Write(counter + ", ");
} while (counter < 100);
Console.ReadKey();
}
You could create your own ReadInt function, that only allows numbers
(this function is probably not the best way to go about this, but does the job)
public static int ReadInt()
{
string allowedChars = "0123456789";
ConsoleKeyInfo read = new ConsoleKeyInfo();
List<char> outInt = new List<char>();
while(!(read.Key == ConsoleKey.Enter && outInt.Count > 0))
{
read = Console.ReadKey(true);
if (allowedChars.Contains(read.KeyChar.ToString()))
{
outInt.Add(read.KeyChar);
Console.Write(read.KeyChar.ToString());
}
if(read.Key == ConsoleKey.Backspace)
{
if(outInt.Count > 0)
{
outInt.RemoveAt(outInt.Count - 1);
Console.CursorLeft--;
Console.Write(" ");
Console.CursorLeft--;
}
}
}
Console.SetCursorPosition(0, Console.CursorTop + 1);
return int.Parse(new string(outInt.ToArray()));
}
Declare a variable that will contain the value of the user input :
Ex :
int userInput = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
I know this question is old, but with some newer C# features like lambda expressions, here's what I actually implemented for my project today:
private static async Task Main()
{
// -- More of my code here
Console.WriteLine("1. Add account.");
Console.WriteLine("2. View accounts.");
int choice = ReadInt("Please enter your choice: ");
// -- Code that uses the choice variable
}
// I have this as a public function in a utility class,
// but you could use it directly in Program.cs
private static int ReadInt(string prompt)
{
string? text;
do
{
Console.Write(prompt);
text = Console.ReadLine();
} while (text == null || !text.Where(c => char.IsNumber(c)).Any());
return int.Parse(new string(text.Where(c => char.IsNumber(c)).ToArray()));
}
The difference here is that if you accidentally type a number and any other text along with that number, only the number is parsed.
You could just go ahead and try :
Console.WriteLine("1. Add account.");
Console.WriteLine("Enter choice: ");
int choice=int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
That should work for the case statement.
It works with the switch statement and doesn't throw an exception.

Can C# decide what variable to assign a value to? [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
Identify if a string is a number
(26 answers)
Closed 5 years ago.
Is there a way to write code so that when a user gives input, either a string or a number, that the program will choose the most appropriate of the available variables that have been declared?
Pseudocode example:
static void Main()
{
int A;
string B;
Console.Write("enter something: ");
if (user enters a number)
A = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
else
B = Console.ReadLine();
}
Simply said, since Console.ReadLine is the way to receive user input, and since it always returns a string, no matter what: No, you have to parse the string for being a number yourself, and in turn assign it to the most fitting variable yourself.
You can do that with int.TryParse, which returns true if the given string could be parsed into a (integral) number, assigned to the second out parameter in the same line:
static void Main()
{
Console.Write("enter something: ");
string B = Console.ReadLine();
if (int.TryParse(B, out int A))
Console.WriteLine($"Yay, user entered number {A}.");
else
Console.WriteLine($"Nay, user entered a boring string {B}.");
}
You can let int.TryParse() decide:
int A;
string B;
string userinput = Console.ReadLine();
// if parsing to int fails, assign to B
if (!int.TryParse(userinput, out A)
{
B = userinput;
}

TryParse getting annoying [closed]

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Closed 8 years ago.
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I am having this really annoying issue (I know this is basic stuff) but when I try use tryparse, I have to enter 2 values before it says integer, I want it to say integer after 1 try. (btw I have to use tryparse)
here is an example.
namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int results = 0;
Console.WriteLine("how old are you?");
int.TryParse (Console.ReadLine(), out results);
if (int.TryParse (Console.ReadLine(), out results))
{
Console.WriteLine("integer");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("not an integer");
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
Use variables for Console.ReadLine() and int.TryParse:
Console.WriteLine("how old are you?");
string input = Console.ReadLine().Trim();
bool success = int.TryParse(input, out results);
if ( success )
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} is an integer", input); // results has the correct value
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} is not an integer", input);
}
Get rid of the first redundant call to TryParse e.g.
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int results = 0;
Console.WriteLine("how old are you?");
//int.TryParse(Console.ReadLine(), out results); <-- remove this
if (int.TryParse (Console.ReadLine(), out results))
{
Console.WriteLine("integer");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("not an integer");
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
Int32.TryParse converts the string representation of a number to its 32-bit signed integer equivalent.
A return value indicates whether the conversion succeeded.
So you can always use it like this.
if (int.TryParse (Console.ReadLine(), out results))
{
Console.WriteLine("integer");
}
On top of the other answers you may wish to do the TryParse in a while loop so that users must enter a valid integer
while(!int.TryParse(ConsoleReadLine(), out results)
Console.WriteLine("not an integer");
ConsoleWriteLine("integer");
To better explain your current issue, you are asking the user to enter two integers, but you only ever care about the second one. The first one is assigned to results but then it is overriden the next time you call TryParse without ever being used

Reading an integer from user input

What I am looking for is how to read an integer that was given by the user from the command line (console project). I primarily know C++ and have started down the C# path. I know that Console.ReadLine(); only takes a char/string. So in short I am looking for the integer version of this.
Just to give you an idea of what I'm doing exactly:
Console.WriteLine("1. Add account.");
Console.WriteLine("Enter choice: ");
Console.ReadLine(); // Needs to take in int rather than string or char.
I have been looking for quite a while for this. I have found a lot on C but not C#. I did find however a thread, on another site, that suggested to convert from char to int. I'm sure there has to be a more direct way than converting.
You can convert the string to integer using Convert.ToInt32() function
int intTemp = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
I would suggest you use TryParse:
Console.WriteLine("1. Add account.");
Console.WriteLine("Enter choice: ");
string input = Console.ReadLine();
int number;
Int32.TryParse(input, out number);
This way, your application does not throw an exception, if you try to parse something like "1q" or "23e", because somebody made a faulty input.
Int32.TryParse returns a boolean value, so you can use it in an if statement, to see whether or not you need to branch of your code:
int number;
if(!Int32.TryParse(input, out number))
{
//no, not able to parse, repeat, throw exception, use fallback value?
}
To your question: You will not find a solution to read an integer because ReadLine() reads the whole command line, threfor returns a string. What you can do is, try to convert this input into and int16/32/64 variable.
There are several methods for this:
Int.Parse()
Convert.ToInt()
Int.TryParse()
If you are in doubt about the input, which is to be converted, always go for the TryParse methods, no matter if you try to parse strings, int variable or what not.
Update
In C# 7.0 out variables can be declared directly where they are passed in as an argument, so the above code could be condensed into this:
if(Int32.TryParse(input, out int number))
{
/* Yes input could be parsed and we can now use number in this code block
scope */
}
else
{
/* No, input could not be parsed to an integer */
}
A complete example would look like this:
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("Hello World!");
var foo = Console.ReadLine();
if (int.TryParse(foo, out int number1)) {
Console.WriteLine($"{number1} is a number");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine($"{foo} is not a number");
}
Console.WriteLine($"The value of the variable {nameof(number1)} is {number1}");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
Here you can see, that the variable number1 does get initialized even if the input is not a number and has the value 0 regardless, so it is valid even outside the declaring if block
You need to typecast the input. try using the following
int input = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
It will throw exception if the value is non-numeric.
Edit
I understand that the above is a quick one. I would like to improve my answer:
String input = Console.ReadLine();
int selectedOption;
if(int.TryParse(input, out selectedOption))
{
switch(selectedOption)
{
case 1:
//your code here.
break;
case 2:
//another one.
break;
//. and so on, default..
}
}
else
{
//print error indicating non-numeric input is unsupported or something more meaningful.
}
int op = 0;
string in = string.Empty;
do
{
Console.WriteLine("enter choice");
in = Console.ReadLine();
} while (!int.TryParse(in, out op));
Use this simple line:
int x = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
I didn't see a good and complete answer to your question, so I will show a more complete example. There are some methods posted showing how to get integer input from the user, but whenever you do this you usually also need to
validate the input
display an error message if invalid input
is given, and
loop through until a valid input is given.
This example shows how to get an integer value from the user that is equal to or greater than 1. If invalid input is given, it will catch the error, display an error message, and request the user to try again for a correct input.
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int intUserInput = 0;
bool validUserInput = false;
while (validUserInput == false)
{
try
{
Console.Write("Please enter an integer value greater than or equal to 1: ");
intUserInput = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine()); //try to parse the user input to an int variable
}
catch (Exception e) //catch exception for invalid input, such as a letter
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
if (intUserInput >= 1) { validUserInput = true; }
else { Console.WriteLine(intUserInput + " is not a valid input, please enter an integer greater than 0."); }
} //end while
Console.WriteLine("You entered " + intUserInput);
Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit ");
Console.ReadKey();
} //end main
In your question it looks like you wanted to use this for menu options. So if you wanted to get int input for choosing a menu option you could change the if statement to
if ( (intUserInput >= 1) && (intUserInput <= 4) )
This would work if you needed the user to pick an option of 1, 2, 3, or 4.
I used int intTemp = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine()); and it worked well, here's my example:
int balance = 10000;
int retrieve = 0;
Console.Write("Hello, write the amount you want to retrieve: ");
retrieve = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
Better way is to use TryParse:
Int32 _userInput;
if(Int32.TryParse (Console.Readline(), out _userInput) {// do the stuff on userInput}
Try this it will not throw exception and user can try again:
Console.WriteLine("1. Add account.");
Console.WriteLine("Enter choice: ");
int choice = 0;
while (!Int32.TryParse(Console.ReadLine(), out choice))
{
Console.WriteLine("Wrong input! Enter choice number again:");
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("Please enter a number from 1 to 10");
int counter = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
//Here is your variable
Console.WriteLine("The numbers start from");
do
{
counter++;
Console.Write(counter + ", ");
} while (counter < 100);
Console.ReadKey();
}
You could create your own ReadInt function, that only allows numbers
(this function is probably not the best way to go about this, but does the job)
public static int ReadInt()
{
string allowedChars = "0123456789";
ConsoleKeyInfo read = new ConsoleKeyInfo();
List<char> outInt = new List<char>();
while(!(read.Key == ConsoleKey.Enter && outInt.Count > 0))
{
read = Console.ReadKey(true);
if (allowedChars.Contains(read.KeyChar.ToString()))
{
outInt.Add(read.KeyChar);
Console.Write(read.KeyChar.ToString());
}
if(read.Key == ConsoleKey.Backspace)
{
if(outInt.Count > 0)
{
outInt.RemoveAt(outInt.Count - 1);
Console.CursorLeft--;
Console.Write(" ");
Console.CursorLeft--;
}
}
}
Console.SetCursorPosition(0, Console.CursorTop + 1);
return int.Parse(new string(outInt.ToArray()));
}
Declare a variable that will contain the value of the user input :
Ex :
int userInput = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
I know this question is old, but with some newer C# features like lambda expressions, here's what I actually implemented for my project today:
private static async Task Main()
{
// -- More of my code here
Console.WriteLine("1. Add account.");
Console.WriteLine("2. View accounts.");
int choice = ReadInt("Please enter your choice: ");
// -- Code that uses the choice variable
}
// I have this as a public function in a utility class,
// but you could use it directly in Program.cs
private static int ReadInt(string prompt)
{
string? text;
do
{
Console.Write(prompt);
text = Console.ReadLine();
} while (text == null || !text.Where(c => char.IsNumber(c)).Any());
return int.Parse(new string(text.Where(c => char.IsNumber(c)).ToArray()));
}
The difference here is that if you accidentally type a number and any other text along with that number, only the number is parsed.
You could just go ahead and try :
Console.WriteLine("1. Add account.");
Console.WriteLine("Enter choice: ");
int choice=int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
That should work for the case statement.
It works with the switch statement and doesn't throw an exception.

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