How do I find the location of an object through code - c#

I'm trying to attach the camera to a character's xPos without grouping the camera to the player

The thing to be careful about is whether you mean you want the camera to be linked to the character's local x-position or if you want the camera to be linked to the character's world x-position. The two will vary based on the transforms of the character's parent GameObjects.
You can either tag the character and find it by doing a lookup in Start() or you can make the character reference a public GameObject targetCharacter in your camera script and set the reference manually in the editor.
Once you determine how you're going to do it:
public class CameraLocator : MonoBehaviour
{
public GameObject targetCharacter;
void Start()
{
if(targetCharacter == null)
{
targetCharacter = GameObject.FindGameObjectWithTag("YourCharacterTag");
if(targetCharacter == null)
{
Debug.LogError("targetCharacter is not set and could not be found!");
}
}
}
void Update()
{
if(targetCharacter != null)
{
var camPosition = this.gameObject.transform.position;
var targetPosition = targetCharacter.transform.position;
camPosition.x = targetPosition.x;
this.gameObject.transform.position = camPosition;
}
}

Related

How would I edit an attribute of a component of a game object within Unity through a C# file?

I'm trying to make a script that will dynamically change the near clip plane's distance based on how close the camera is to "nodes" that I place down. The only issue is that I am not sure how to refer to the near clip plane field on the camera component in the C# script in order to change it during runtime. Image of the camera component for reference.
Also, here is the script so far:
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class NodeManager : MonoBehaviour
{
// Start is called before the first frame update
void Start()
{
List<Transform> nodeArray = new List<Transform>;
var parentNode = transform;
Transform[] children = GetComponentsOnChildren<Transform>();
foreach (Transform child in children)
{
nodeArray.Add(child);
}
List<float> distanceMagnitudes = new List<float>;
}
// Update is called once per frame
void Update()
{
for(var i = 0; i < parentNode.childCount; i++)
{
Vector3 offset = nodeArray[i].position - this.position;
distanceMagnitudes[i] = offset.sqrMagnitude;
}
float distanceToClosest = sqrt(distanceMagnitudes.min());
if(distanceToClosest < 10)
{
parentNode.Find("Camera Offset").Find("Main Camera").
}
}
}
First of all try not to use Find("Main Camera") to get camera in your scene instead define the camera before and set it's value in the Start() method like this or make it public and set it in the inspector
Camera mainCamera;
private void Start()
{
// find by type if you will only have one camera always
mainCamera = FindObjectOfType<Camera>();
// find by tag if you might have several cameras
mainCamera = GameObject.FindWithTag("Your Camera Tag").GetComponent<Camera>();
}
You can get the near clip wherever by..
mainCamera.nearClipPlane = 1.0f; //Your Value

Can only spawn one object at once in unity

In my game I have a game object called ExclamationMark which I want to spawn above enemies heads when the player gets into range and they become "Alerted".
I've made this simple script to do that, but for some reason it will only work on one game object.
My enemy script:
void CheckForPlayer()
{
// Define player and get position
var player = GameObject.FindWithTag("Player");
var playerPos = (int)player.transform.position.x;
if (transform.Find("Graphics"))
{
// Define gameobject position
var enemyPos = transform.Find("Graphics").gameObject.transform.position.x;
// Define range to spawn tiles in
var range = 5;
var rangeInfront = enemyPos + range;
var rangeBehind = enemyPos - range;
if (playerPos >= rangeBehind && playerPos <= rangeInfront)
{
enemyIsActive = true;
if (transform.Find("ExclamationMark"))
{
var exMark = transform.Find("ExclamationMark").gameObject.GetComponent<ExclamationMarkSpawn>();
exMark.SpawnExclamationMark();
}
}
else
{
enemyIsActive = false;
}
}
}
My ! script:
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class ExclamationMarkSpawn : MonoBehaviour {
public GameObject spawnPos;
public GameObject exclamationMark;
public GameObject exclamationMarkAudio;
public void SpawnExclamationMark()
{
StartCoroutine(GameObject.FindGameObjectWithTag("MainCamera").GetComponent<CameraShake>().Shake(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f));
Instantiate(exclamationMark, spawnPos.transform.position, Quaternion.identity);
if (exclamationMarkAudio)
Instantiate(exclamationMarkAudio, spawnPos.transform.position, Quaternion.identity);
StartCoroutine(DestroyExclamationMark());
}
IEnumerator DestroyExclamationMark()
{
yield return new WaitForSeconds(1);
var children = new List<GameObject>();
foreach (Transform child in transform) children.Add(child.gameObject);
children.ForEach(child => Destroy(child));
}
}
Just to be sure: I assume every player has its own instance of both of your scripts attached (some maybe nested further in their own hierarchy).
I assume that since you are using transform.Find which looks for the object by name within it's own children.
In general using Find and GetComponent over and over again is very inefficient! You should in both classes rather store them to fields and re-use them. Best would be if you can actually already reference them via the Inspector and not use Find and GetComponent at all.
In general finding something by name is always error prone. Are you sure they are all called correctly? Or are others maybe further nested?
Note: Find does not perform a recursive descend down a Transform hierarchy.
I would prefer to go by the attached components. You say it has e.g. a RigidBody. If this is the only Rigidbody component in the hierarchy below your objects (usually this should be the case) then you could instead rather simply use
// pass in true to also get disabled or inactive children
Rigidbody graphics = GetComponentInChildren<Rigidbody>(true);
the same for the ExclamationMarkSpawn
// Would be even beter if you already reference these in the Inspector
[SerializeField] private Rigidbody graphics;
[SerializeField] private ExclamationMarkSpawn exclamationMark;
[SerializeField] private Transform player;
private void Awake()
{
if(!player) player = GameObject.FindWithTag("Player");
if(!graphics) graphics = GetComponentInChildren<Rigidbody>(true);
if(!exclamationMark) exclamationMark = GetComponentInChildren<ExclamationMarkSpawn>(true);
}
private void CheckForPlayer()
{
// If really needed you can also after Awake still use a lazy initialization
// this adds a few later maybe unnecessary if checks but is still
// cheaper then using Find over and over again
if(!player) player = FindWithTag("Player");
if(!graphics) graphics = GetComponentInChildren<Rigidbody>(true);
if(!exclamationMark) exclamationMark = GetComponentInChildren<ExclamationMarkSpawn>(true);
var playerPos = (int)player.position.x;
// always if making such a check also give a hint that something might be missing
if (!graphics)
{
// by adding "this" you can now simply click on the message
// in the console and it highlights the object where this is happening in the hierarchy
Debug.LogWarning("graphics is missing here :'( ", this);
return;
}
// Define gameobject position
var enemyPos = graphics.transform.position.x;
// Define range to spawn tiles in
// this entire block can be shrinked down to
if (Mathf.Abs(playerPos - enemyPos) <= 5)
{
enemyIsActive = true;
if (exclamationMark) exclamationMark.SpawnExclamationMark();
}
else
{
enemyIsActive = false;
}
}
The same also in ExclamationMarkSpawn.cs.
I would additionally only allow 1 exclamation mark being visible at the same time. For example when a player jitters in the distance especially assuming both, the player and the enemy, I would move the entire instantiation to the routine and use a flag. Especially since this is called every frame in Update while the player stays in the range!
Also re-check and make sure your enemies are not maybe referencing the same spawnPos and thus all instantiating their exclamation marks on top of each other.
public class ExclamationMarkSpawn : MonoBehaviour
{
public Transform spawnPos;
public GameObject exclamationMark;
public GameObject exclamationMarkAudio;
[SerializeField] private CameraShake cameraShake;
// only serialized for debug
[SerializeField] private bool isShowingExclamation;
private void Awake()
{
if(!cameraShake) cameraShake = Camera.main.GetComponent<CameraShake>();
// or assuming this component exists only once in the entire scene anyway
if(!cameraShake) cameraShake = FindObjectOfType<CameraShake>();
}
public void SpawnExclamationMark()
{
StartCoroutine(ShowExclamationMark());
}
private IEnumerator ShowExclamationMark()
{
// block concurrent routine call
if(isShowingExclamation) yield brake;
// set flag blocking concurrent routines
isShowingExclamation = true;
// NOTE: Also for this one you might want to rather have a flag
// multiple enemy instances might call this so you get concurrent coroutines also here
StartCoroutine(cameraShake.Shake(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f));
Instantiate(exclamationMark, spawnPos.position, Quaternion.identity);
if (exclamationMarkAudio) Instantiate(exclamationMarkAudio, spawnPos.position, Quaternion.identity);
yield return new WaitForSeconds(1);
var children = new List<GameObject>();
foreach (var child in transform.ToList()) children.Add(child.gameObject);
children.ForEach(child => Destroy(child));
// give the flag free
isShowingExclamation = false;
}
}
Try this;
if (transform.Find("ExclamationMark"))
{
var exMark = transform.Find("ExclamationMark").gameObject.GetComponent<ExclamationMarkSpawn>();
exMark.SpawnExclamationMark(transform.position); //Add transform.position here
}
public void SpawnExclamationMark(Vector3 EnemyPos)
{
StartCoroutine(GameObject.FindGameObjectWithTag("MainCamera").GetComponent<CameraShake>().Shake(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f));
Instantiate(exclamationMark, EnemyPos, Quaternion.identity);
if (exclamationMarkAudio)
Instantiate(exclamationMarkAudio, EnemyPos, Quaternion.identity);
StartCoroutine(DestroyExclamationMark());
}

Shooting laser continuously in Unity

I'm trying to create a falling word game like z-type. Once the game starts a few words are displayed on the screen. When the user types a letter and if that matches with the first letter of any of the words displayed, an activeWord tag is added to the word. I have also created a laser script that checks if the tag is active and when that happens, it shoots the laser.
What's happening right now is that the laser is shot only once i.e when the first letter matches but doesn't shoot a laser when the remaining words are typed.
This is the laser script:
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;
public class Laser : MonoBehaviour {
public float speed = 10.0f;
private Vector3 laserTarget;
private void Update () {
GameObject activeWord = GameObject.FindGameObjectWithTag("activeWord");
if (activeWord && activeWord.GetComponent<Text>().text.Length > 0) {
laserTarget = activeWord.transform.position; // find position of word
transform.Translate(laserTarget * speed * Time.deltaTime); // shoot the laser
}
}
}
I'm also adding the code that I use in the display/UI field.
public void RemoveLetter() {
/* remove the first letter if its correct and so
on for the remaining letters. change the color of the word to red and add
the "activeddWord" tag.*/
text.text = text.text.Remove(0, 1);
text.color = Color.red;
text.gameObject.tag = "activeWord";
}
public void RemoveWord() { // destroy the word once all the letters match
Destroy(gameObject);
}
Can someone please have a look at the code and tell me where I'm making a mistake.
I think you have to reset the position of your laser if it reaches the target:
public float speed = 10.0f;
private Vector3 laserTarget;
private Vector3 laserOrigin;
private void Start () {
// save laser's origin position
laserOrigin = transform.position;
}
private void Update () {
GameObject activeWord = GameObject.FindGameObjectWithTag("activeWord");
if (activeWord && activeWord.GetComponent<Text>().text.Length > 0)
{
laserTarget = activeWord.transform.position; // find position of word
transform.Translate(laserTarget * speed * Time.deltaTime); // shoot the laser
float distance = Vector3.Distance(laserTarget , transform.position);
if(distance < 0.05f){ // I don't know your scaling, perhaps change the limit here!
transform.position = laserOrigin;
}
}
}
Here is one way you can do this using Instantiate() and prefabs. The benefit of this method is that it is scalable. You can create multiple lasers with minimal tweaking. Please note that to use multiple lasers you will have to remove WaitForThisLaserDestroyed;.
To get this to work you will have to start by changing your laser gameObject into a prefab and adding this script onto it:
https://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/Prefabs.html
public class Laser : MonoBehaviour
{
public float speed = 10.0f;
public Vector3 laserTarget;
public float destroyLaserAfterTime = 3f;
private void Update ()
{
transform.Translate(laserTarget * speed * Time.deltaTime);
}
}
And then on some arbitrary other object. For example an empty game object in the same scene:
public class LaserInitializer : MonoBehaviour
{
public GameObject laserPrefab;
public GameObject laserOrigin;
private GameObject WaitForThisLaserDestroyed;
private void Update ()
{
GameObject activeWord = GameObject.FindGameObjectWithTag("activeWord");
if (WaitForThisLaserDestroyed == null && activeWord && activeWord.GetComponent<Text>().text.Length > 0)
{
CreateLaser(activeWord);
}
}
private void CreateLaser(GameObject activeWord)
{
GameObject activeLaser = Instantiate(laserPrefab, laserOrigin.Transform.Position, Quaternion.identity) as GameObject;
Laser laserScript = activeLaser.GetComponent<Laser>();
laserScript.laserTarget = activeWord.transform.position;
WaitForLaserDestroyed = activeLaser;
Destroy(activeLaser, destroyLaserAfterTime);
}
}
To explain the code:
The Laser prefab has its own script for moving towards the word, and as soon as it exists and has the target passed to it, it will move towards the active word.
Somewhere else in the scene you have a game object that exists to hold the second script. Lets call it the "controller game object". It checks to see if the words are "active", as per the earlier design. When a word is active this script creates exactly one laser, and tells it to target the active word.
You have another gameobject (this can be the same one as the controller game object), that marks the origin of the laser. You can do this in other ways, but I thought that using a game object to mark the start point would be an easy way for beginners.

Create material from code and assign it to an object

I am very new to Unity3d. I have a prefab which contains 6 quads making it a cube. I want to add image textures to different faces of cube.
I am getting images from a web service, so I have to add or change material in the script.
The problem I am facing is, I am not able to find material property in gameObject.
I have tried below code:
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
public class shelfRuntime : MonoBehaviour {
public GameObject bottle;
public GameObject newBottle;
// Use this for initialization
void Start () {
iterateChildren(newBottle.transform.root);
GameObject rocketClone = (GameObject)Instantiate(bottle, bottle.transform.position, bottle.transform.rotation);
rocketClone.transform.localScale += new Vector3(1, 1, 1);
GameObject newBottleInMaking = (GameObject)Instantiate(newBottle, newBottle.transform.position, newBottle.transform.rotation);
Transform[] allChildren = newBottleInMaking.GetComponentsInChildren<Transform>();
foreach (Transform child in allChildren)
{
// do whatever with child transform here
}
}
void iterateChildren(Transform trans)
{
Debug.Log(trans.name);
if (trans.name == "Back") {
var ting = trans.gameObject.GetComponent<Renderer>();
// trans.renderer.material // there is no material property here
}
// Do whatever logic you want on child objects here
if (trans.childCount == 0) return;
foreach (Transform tran in trans)
{
iterateChildren(tran);
}
}
// Update is called once per frame
void Update () {
}
}
How to set material to quads? There are 6 quads inside my prefab.
You can no longer access some components directly in Unity. You must use GetComponent to get the component(Renderer) then access the material from it.
trans.renderer.material = ....
should be changed to
trans.GetComponent<Renderer>().material = yourNewMaterial;
Finally, when Cube or Quad is created in Unity, MeshRenderer is automtatically attached to them not Renderer. So, you might get run-time error with GetComponent<Renderer>(). Use MeshRenderer instead.
trans.GetComponent<MeshRenderer>().material = yourNewMaterial;
To create Material during run-time:
Material myNewMaterial = new Material(Shader.Find("Standard"));
The example below will create a Material, assign standard shader to it then change the texture to the texture from the myTexture variable before applying it to a GameObject.
public Texture myTexture;
void Start()
{
//Find the Standard Shader
Material myNewMaterial = new Material(Shader.Find("Standard"));
//Set Texture on the material
myNewMaterial.SetTexture("_MainTex", myTexture);
//Apply to GameObject
trans.GetComponent<MeshRenderer>().material = myNewMaterial;
}

Transferring a Vector3 variable from one script (WayPointPositioner) to another and change it into a transform (Walking)

I'm having a bit of trouble getting the Vector3 wayPointPosition to my other script called Walking and changing it into the Transform target. My troubles lie in the fact that I'm trying to grab this dynamic variable from WayPointPositioner (it changes depending on what object is clicked in the stage and whether the player overlaps with this waypoint) and import and use it in another script.
Below is the code I'm using.
WayPointPositioner
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
public class WayPointPositioner : MonoBehaviour {
public Vector3 wayPointPosition = Vector3.zero;
private bool checkPlayerWaypointCollision;
void Start()
{
}
void OnTriggerStay2D (Collider2D other)
{
// Check if collision is occuring with player character.
if (other.gameObject.name == "Player")
{
checkPlayerWaypointCollision = true;
}
else
{
checkPlayerWaypointCollision = false;
}
}
//Check if object is clicked
void OnMouseDown ()
{
// If its the player, then return a new position for the player to move to for walking
// Else debug that its not so
if (checkPlayerWaypointCollision == false)
{
Debug.Log ("Object not colliding and retrieving position");
Debug.Log (wayPointPosition);
Debug.Log (gameObject.name);
wayPointPosition = new Vector3 (transform.position.x, transform.position.y, 10);
wayPointPosition = Camera.main.ScreenToWorldPoint(wayPointPosition);
}
else
{
Debug.Log ("Object is colliding, no movement needed");
}
}
}
Walking
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
public class Walking : MonoBehaviour {
public Transform target;
public WayPointPositioner wayPointPosition;
public bool walkingAnimation = false;
private Animator anim;
void Awake ()
{
anim = GetComponent<Animator> ();
wayPointPosition = GameObject.FindGameObjectWithTag ("Waypoint").GetComponent<WayPointPositioner> ();
}
void Start ()
{
}
void Update ()
{
Debug.Log ("This is in Walking, WPP =" + wayPointPosition);
}
}
As you can see I'm trying to import the wayPointPosition from the seperate class which is attached to the gameobjects called "Waypoint" (In my current layout those are empty objects with circle colliders to check if they have been clicked). However when I run this, I am not getting my Vector, but I'm getting the name of the last waypoint in the hierarchy (I have currently 6 waypoints which can be clicked) and not a Vector.
I hope someone is able to help me / point out my mistake. I'm still learning C# so I might've made a strange / odd assumption which isn't working.
Kind regards,
Veraduxxz.
It looks like invoking GameObject.FindGameObjectWithTag("Waypoint").GetComponent<WayPointPositioner>(); retrieves a component from the game object which matches the specified tag, as well as a type argument T which derives from MonoBehavior.
Calling this should actually give you an instance of your WayPointPositioner class, which you can then pass to whichever methods you want, and interact with its Vector3 however you would like.

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